体育硕士专业学位论文标准与评价研究

为了充分体现体育硕士专业学位论文应用性方向,文章采用文献资料法、专家座谈法、问卷调查法,分析了体育硕士专业学位论文现状,针对体育硕士专业学位论文评价中现存问题提出建议:尽快制定全国的论文标准和评价体系;鼓励多元化的论文设计,注重论文的实务价值;更深入研究体育硕士专业学位论文标准和评价。     

我国研究生体质测试现状与分析

目前我国研究生体质测试工作存在一些问题,如国家对研究生体质测试无相关规定,各单位重视程度不一,参加测试学生人数比例较低,测试指标选用范围虽然相对广泛但系统化、规范化不足,缺乏测试反馈信息的提供等。建议建立研究生体质测试制度,加强宣传工作,灵活运用测试组织方式;指标的选用应兼顾共性与特性,并增加运动能力指标;利用网络信息平台建立学生体质健康档案,加强体质咨询机构建设,为学生提供个性化运动处方。     

对偶问题在经济管理中的应用

企业的管理者对企业的生产计划,成本估算,生产过程管理以及市场预算对企业起到关键作用。文章根据市场及企业本身的具体情况,利用线性规划的对偶问题原理建立相应的数学模型,用线性规划中的对偶问题原理加以分析,为企业决策者提供合理决策的理论依据。     

基于风险价值模型的干散货二手船交易风险测度

基于干散货二手船交易市场的波动性和交易风险一直备受船舶所有人、投资者、银行和造船厂的关注, 通过基于广义误差分布的自回归条件异方差（Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity based on General Error Distribution, GARCH GED）模型计算得到二手船价波动率, 运用风险价值和损失期望值模型计算出一定置信水平下二手船交易的最大损失及损失的期望值.以5 年期的干散货好望角船二手船价进行实证分析,结果表明,上述方法能量化交易风险,有助于交易决策和风险控制.     

工程造价咨询企业信用的模糊评判研究

针对咨询企业信用评价指标的存在问题,运用模糊评判理论,建立了咨询企业等级的模糊评判模型;运用层次分析法确定各个指标的权重,对定量指标进行无量纲处理;改进了咨询企业信用等级评价指标,补充完善了<福建省工程造价咨询企业信用等级评定暂行办法>中的评价指标,使之更趋科学化.最后,以某甲级工程造价咨询企业为实例进行该评判模型操作演示.     

Measuring physical activity in field studies: Comparison of a questionnaire, 24-hour recall and an accelerometer

Abstract

In a field setting, we compared a physical activity questionnaire (SQUASH), a 24-hour recall measure (Physical Activity Scale; PAS), and an accelerometer to: (1) quantify the amount of time spent in light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity; (2) calculate activity scores; and (3) categorize participants by physical activity tertiles. For 7 consecutive days, 103 participants (61% males, 39% females; mean age 36.8 years, mean body mass index 26.6 kg·m^?2) wore an accelerometer and completed the PAS. Immediately before these 7 days, the participants completed the SQUASH and underwent anthropometric measurements (weight and height). Time spent in light (<3 METs), moderate (3–6 METs), and vigorous (≥6 METs) activity was calculated. Significant correlations were observed between the PAS and accelerometer in the population as a whole (r=0.66, P<0.001), the males (r=0.76, P<0.001), participants of normal weight (r=0.62, P<0.05), and those who were overweight (r=0.53, P<0.01). Correlations between the SQUASH and accelerometer were only significant for males (r=0.62, P<0.05) and overweight individuals (r=0.40, P<0.05). Moderate agreement was observed between tertiles for the accelerometer and PAS activity scores in the overall population (weighted kappa =0.47; 95% confidence interval =0.27–0.67) but not between the accelerometer and SQUASH. In conclusion, a 7-day administration of the PAS is a useful measure for classification of physical activity in the population studied. The SQUASH has practical advantages in terms of convenience of administration, but its usefulness in estimating physical activity is limited.     

Effects of a carbohydrate and caffeine gel on intermittent sprint performance in recreationally trained males

Abstract

We investigated the effects of ingesting carbohydrate gels with and without caffeine on a ~90-minute, four blocks intermittent sprint test (IST), in 12 recreationally trained male athletes. Using a cross-over design, one 70 ml dose of gel containing either 25 g of carbohydrate with (CHOCAF) or without (CHO) 100 mg of caffeine, or a non-caloric placebo (PL) was ingested on three occasions: one hour before, immediately prior to and during the IST. Blood glucose, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and fatigue index (FI) were analysed. Glucose showed significantly higher values for both CHOCAF and CHO at the first (p=0.005 and p=0.000, respectively), second (p=0.009 and 0.008, respectively) and third (p=0.003 and 0.001, respectively) blocks when compared with PL, while only CHOCAF was significantly different to PL (p=0.002) at the fourth block. CHOCAF showed an improved FI (mean 5.0, s =1.7) compared with CHO (mean 7.6, s =2.6; p=0.006) and PL (mean 7.4, s =2.4; p=0.005), a significantly lower RPE (mean 14.2, s =2) compared with PL (mean 15.3, s =2; p=0.003) and a trend in respect of CHO (mean 14.9, s =2.3; p=0.056) after the third block. In conclusion, ingesting CHOCAF one hour before, prior to and during an IST is effective at transiently reducing fatigue and RPE whilst maintaining higher glucose levels at the final stages of the exercise.     

淮河流域主要农作物全生育期水分盈亏时空变化分析

利用淮河流域171个站点1971年-2010年的气象资料及作物历年生育期资料,通过作物全生育期的需水量和有效降水量计算了主要作物全生育期的水分盈亏指数.结果表明:①淮河流域小麦种植区全生育期水分盈亏指数分区平均值在-0.66～-0.43之间,各分区均呈现水分亏缺,但多年变化趋势不明显,空间分布呈明显的纬向分布特征,越往北水分亏缺越明显;②玉米种植区全生育期水分盈亏指数分区平均值在0.05～0.17之间,各区多年变化均呈增加趋势,其中北部平原夏玉米区和中部平原夏玉米区增加趋势通过了α=0.05显著性检验,分别达到0.099/10a和0.097/10a,空间分布呈西北-东南分布特征,由西北向东南增大;③沿淮及以南一季稻区水分盈亏指数平均为0.05,呈现0.024/10a的增加趋势,空间分布呈中间小两头大的分布特征.     

基于Global-Malmquist-Luenberger指数的中国水资源全要素生产率增长评价

基于省际水足迹和灰色水足迹等的面板数据,本文利用带有“非期望”产出的数据包络分析方法,通过Global-Malmquist-Luenberger指数测度了1998年-2010年中国31个省、区、直辖市的水资源全要素生产率增长并分解为纯技术效率变化、技术进步和规模效率变化.研究发现:①不考虑非期望产出的水资源全要素生产率增长高于考虑非期望产出的水资源全要素生产率;②非期望产出情况下的水资源全要素生产率增长明显具有正的空间集聚现象,且非常显著;③中国31个省、区、直辖市水资源全要素生产率增长主要源于技术进步,纯技术效率和规模效率出现恶化,波动变化都很小.在此基础上对中国水资源利用效率健康发展提出了相应的政策建议.     

中国遗产地旅游景气指数测评及提升模式

测评旅游景气指数可定量分析遗产地旅游产业发展状况,推动遗产地旅游资源保护与旅游业可持续发展。首先提出遗产地旅游景气指数测评概念性框架,其次建立遗产地旅游景气指数测评指标体系,构建遗产地旅游景气合成指数测度模型,然后选择张家界市（世界自然遗产地）、承德市（世界文化遗产地）与黄山市（世界文化与自然遗产地）作为案例,分析我国遗产地旅游景气指数。研究结果表明：①2001年我国遗产地旅游景气综合指数为100.89,2012年为110.96,年均增长速度为0.87%;②我国遗产地先行指标、一致指标与滞后指标的旅游景气指数均呈现出持续增长的态势,一致指标的旅游景气指数容易受到突发事件的影响;③我国3类遗产地的旅游景气综合指数均呈现出持续增长的态势,从长远看,文化型遗产地旅游景气指数可能会相对自然型遗产地更高;④我国遗产地的旅游景气综合指数与GDP指数之间呈现幂指数正相关关系。最后,从全国旅游休闲发展环境营造、遗产地旅游建设与管理、遗产地突发性事件应急处理3个方面来构建遗产地旅游景气指数提升模式。