“快乐体育”教学及其实施

“快乐体育”教学是一种“寓教于乐”的体育教学理念,文章通过对“快乐体育”教学的内涵解读,阐述了“快乐体育”教学实施的原则,提出了在高等院校中开展“快乐体育”教学的实施方法。     

基于主分量分析的数字水印

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锥比率模型在网络效益评估中的应用

本文简要介绍了谁比率模型的基本原理以及网络效益评估的基本理论,并且根据网络效益评估的具体特点,将锥比率模型应用在网络效益评估中得到了满意的评价结果．     

Short-term motivation trajectories: A parallel process model of expectancy-value

Motivation plays a critical role in human behavior and is particularly important during college, where a single class can make or break an academic career. The longitudinal research on expectancies for success and utility value primarily focuses on prediction or change over many years, rather than change over a short period of time. However, a single class in college can often be the difference between getting a degree or not. To better understand how motivation progresses in the short-term, we examined changes in expectancy and utility value simultaneously during a single college class. Both constructs declined during the class and showed significant variability across individuals. In addition, change in expectancy was strongly correlated with change in utility value, and the expectancy slope estimates were significant predictors of continuing interest. We discuss the need for a better understanding of short-term dynamic relationships between expectancies, utility value, and outcomes.     

Metaphorical graphics aid learning and memory

The present investigation was designed to determine the effects of metaphorical graphics on learning from an expository text. The graphics were designed to function as metaphorical representations of the semantic elements inherent in the passage, with the level of correspondence between the graphics and text varied as weak or strong. In study 1, participants (N = 168) were randomly assigned to one of three graphic/text conditions (strong, weak, or none). Learning was measured immediately after the presentation of learning materials and again a week later. In study 2, participants (N = 98) followed the same procedure as study 1, but they were allowed to view the experimental materials online, rather than in a lab setting. Results from both studies revealed that, while decorative graphics may appear benign or detrimental to learning outcomes immediately after exposure under experimental lab conditions, further analysis indicated that graphics designed to metaphorically correspond to text content functioned to preserve learning across a one-week delay. In addition, when participants viewed the materials online, the decorative graphics improved learning, not just prevented decay. The online effect was mediated by the level of metaphorical correspondence between the passage and the graphic.     

Mapping the Final Frontier: A Publisher’s Experience Launching an Open Access Journal in the Burgeoning Mixed Access Economy

This article describes a program session that focused on publishers’ experiences launching Open Access (OA) journals and lessons learned. The speakers discussed the current journal marketplace, current journal business models, and the possible shape of the OA landscape and marketplace in the future.     

贵州省民族古籍人才培养模式初探

一个国家或民族人才的多寡优劣直接决定着这个国家或民族的兴衰存亡。20世纪80年代以来贵州省在民族古籍的抢救、普查和整理等方面取得了累累硕果,但要让民族古籍事业向纵深发展,必须对已经整理出来的民族古籍翻译和研究,这就需要大量的民族古籍专业人才,目前的民族古籍人才远远不能满足需要,因此加强民族古籍专业人才的培养是一项艰巨而长期的任务。可以采取高等教育培养、在职培训培养和师傅带徒弟培养等多渠道、多层次、灵活多变的方式来培养民族古籍人才。     

The principalship,autonomy, and after

Contemporary discourses in educational administration have exponentially grown the number of adjectival leaderships, challenged traditional organisational structures, and offered autonomy as a solution to performance issues. In this theoretical paper, I ask what does the principalship look like after autonomy? Despite the range of objections that could be raised in relation to thinking with and through an organisational role, it is the contention of this paper that it is in the principalship that we find important resources for theorising educational administration, even if, at first sight, these resources appear to bear little connection to, or resonance with, contemporary discourses of ‘leadership’ in education. Working within a relational approach to educational administration that I am advancing, my argument is built around three key markers: the centrality of temporality, the (im)possibility of the local, and the imposition of ‘quality’.     

The unfading power of collegiality? University governance in Poland in a European comparative and quantitative perspective

This paper studies the applicability of theoretical models of university governance from the international research literature to the Polish system. In particular, it is to test the applicability of a collegial model in the Polish case. The research question was ‘to what extent is a collegial model reflected in actual governance patterns found in the Polish university sector’. This is based on large-scale internationally comparable quantitative material. The empirical evidence for it comes from 3700 returned surveys in Poland (and more than 17,000 in eleven European countries) produced for two international research projects focused on the academic profession (CAP: “Changing Academic Profession” and EUROAC: “The Academic Profession in Europe”). This paper concludes that Polish universities are operating according to the traditional collegial model of the university as a “community of scholars” to an extent that is unparalleled in Western Europe. A detailed study of selected variables and specifically constructed indexes indicates that the defining feature of Polish academia today is the power of academic collegial bodies. The influence of collegial bodies on academic decision-making in Poland is the highest in Europe; and, in contrast, the power of the government and external stakeholders is the lowest. However, academics, sharing the “republic of scholars” institutional vision of the university, and still highly influential in university decision-making, are currently confronted with higher education reforms grounded in an instrumental vision of the university (in which it is a tool for national political agendas). Consequently, powerful value-driven clashes between the academic community and the community of policymakers and reformers are to be expected to intensify. The major theoretical concepts used in this paper come from Johan P. Olsen’s, Ian McNay’s and Robert Birnbaum’s studies of university governance, and its findings are presented from a European comparative and quantitative perspective.     

曲线的副法线曲面及其性质研究

通过类比一般空间曲线、曲面的研究方法,讨论了三维欧氏空间中曲线的副法线曲面,给出了副法线曲面的渐近线和曲率线;再由高斯曲率、平均曲率,得到了副法线曲面上常高斯曲率曲线、极小轨迹;最后,利用高斯曲率和平均曲率之间的线性关系和平方关系,得到了副法线曲面的分类定理。