Who are We?

This article scrutinises the usage of the words “we”, “us” and “our” by BBC radio journalists when reporting and discussing news and current affairs. By analysing reports and discussions on the “flagship” Radio 4 Today, a daily news programme whose centrality to political and public debate is widely recognised, the article raises substantive questions about clarity, accuracy and impartiality in senior broadcast journalists’ choice of language. In exploring the assumptions which may underlie the invocation, via such language choices, of an implied community, and against the backdrop of the BBC's commitment to impartiality in its Editorial Guidelines, the article identifies numerous recent examples where the choice of words and identifiers can be seen as undermining the BBC's impartiality and which show several of its senior journalists adopting the first-person plural “we” when reporting on matters of public policy. The findings therefore indicate a general need to codify norms which are seen to integrate the need for accuracy as well as impartiality, and for these norms to take into account issues which might at first glance seem to be inconsequential, micro-level features of the journalists’ language. The evidence suggests that more fine-grained guidelines on permissible circumstances for BBC journalists’ usage of “we” and “our” need revising and disseminating in the light of these findings.     

Partnering with Districts to Expand an After-School Maths Club Programme

Abstract

A key intervention of the South African Numeracy Chair Project (SANCP) since 2011 has been the introduction of mathematics (or maths) clubs, which occur in the out-of-school time space. In 2016 the maths club concept was developed into a 15-week Pushing for Progression (PfP) teacher development programme which supports primary school mathematics teachers to run clubs beyond the SANCP local area. Expanding intervention models beyond local schools is imperative in the second phase of the SANCP (2016–2020). Working from a mixed methods methodological approach, the researchers collected pre- and post-data for a 4-operations assessment of the entire PfP programme. In this article they share learner data from one of the nine teachers who participated in the PfP maths club programme in the Uitenhague District, Eastern Cape, South Africa, to illuminate how partnerships between academics, district officials and teachers can enable powerful student learning in the club space. They argue further that within the tightly focused development programme run by teachers in this one district, it is possible for learners to make substantive progress in mathematical proficiency (MP) (especially procedural fluency and conceptual understanding) when comparing scores and learner methods between a pre- and post- assessment.     

论科学技术学的研究纲领

科学技术学是以科学技术系统整体为对象、以认识科学技术的性质扣规律为目的,并采用人文社会科学的视角和方法,从哲学、基础科学、应用科学和应用技术四个层面对科学技术进行全面的人文社会科学维度研究的一个新学科群.这些研究构成了内容丰富、结构完整的学科体系.走向科学技术学,要尽量继承和发展自然辩证法、科学技术与社会研究、科学学和技术学等现有学科的成果,并尽快实现组织化和建制化.     

构建学习型社会有效激励机制:知识工资方案

构建学习型社会不能停留在解放思想的讨论上。本介绍了构建学习型社会的有效激励机制之一知识工资方案。分析了知识工资方案的背景、类型、优势、缺陷及对策。对我国如何构建学习型社会具有现实的指导意义。     

The Swedish national principal training programme: a programme in constant change

ABSTRACT

In the mid-1970s, a systematic national principal training programme was introduced in Sweden. The aim was to guarantee better-equipped principals in their mission to lead and develop schools in accordance with national steering documents. Since then, the programme has been subjected to changes, but its focus has remained the same. The three-year programme is currently directed at already-employed principals whose efforts are estimated to consume about 20% of their working time. Six universities provide the programme with content that corresponds to thirty higher-education credits. Consequently, the academy has to balance its fundamental role as a critical independent institution and its mission to provide an education that is crucial in the educational steering system. This article presents an historical overview of the programme’s development as well as the current programme’s design and challenges, and it discusses the expected future demands for change.     

勤工助学与高校图书馆服务工作

勤工助学是让大学生通过实践锻炼，获取一定的报酬资助学业，参与社会实践的一种措施。本文对勤工助学学生参与高校图书馆服务工作的意义和作用进行了探讨，并就学生参与高校图书馆服务工作的方式或途径以及图书馆对勤工助学学生的管理问题提出了相应的建议。     

The Emotional Literacy Support Assistant (ELSA) programme: parental perceptions of its impact in school and at home

The Emotional Literacy Support Assistant (ELSA) programme is an example of an individualised intervention to support pupils experiencing a range of social and emotional needs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore parents’ constructions of several aspects of the programme: its aims and how these are achieved; its impact on children, within school and home contexts; the function and value of parental contact with ELSAs; and ways in which the programme could be improved. A thematic analysis of the data indicated that a majority of parents perceived the programme to impact positively on social and emotional aspects of development, with skills learned within the ELSA sessions transferring to the home context. Parents also noted several ways in which the programme could be enhanced: improved home–school communication; agreed and measurable targets and outcomes; and plans for children’s next steps. Implications for developments and extensions of the ELSA programme are discussed and the role of educational psychologists within this process is highlighted.     

学分制下的教学组织与教学管理

学分制倡导的是建立以学生为主体的教学关系．适时转变教学观念，改变教学方法，制定柔性教学计划、采取科学有效的管理方式，是学分制能否正确实施的基本保障。本文就如何在学分制下进行教学组织与教学管理进行了初步探讨。     

Using the Objective Borderline Method (OBM) to support Board of Examiners’ decisions in a medical programme

Decisions about progress through an academic programme are made by Boards of Examiners, on the basis of students’ course assessments. For most students such pass/fail grading decisions are straightforward. However, for those students whose results are borderline (either at a pass/fail boundary or boundaries between grades) the exercise of some discretion by university staff is required. In the interests of the transparency of the exercise of this discretion and to increase the chances that the ‘right’ decision is made, we tested the validity of the second version of the Objective Borderline Method (OBM2) decision-making tool in a medical programme. Our results suggest that application of OBM2 provides valid data to help university staff make robust decisions about a student’s progression through a programme, and with which to defend these decisions if that should be required.     

浅析电视新闻节目主持人的角色艺术

在各种传播技术日新月异的今天,电视媒体以及电视新闻节目主持人面临全新挑战.要彻底改变目前电视新闻节目主持人平庸、浮躁、媚俗以及错位的现状,重塑和提升主持人的角色艺术显得尤为重要,电视节目主持人要从受众认可、专业实践和文化积淀、新闻节目采编等方面提升角色艺术.