Childhood experiences of maltreatment,reflective functioning and attachment in adolescent and young adult mothers: Effects on mother-infant interaction and emotion regulation

BackgroundMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment affect parenting and have consequences for a child’s social-emotional development. Adolescent mothers have a higher frequency of a history of maltreatment than adult mothers. However few studies have analyzed the interactions between adolescent mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment and their infants.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation at infant 3 months, considering both infant and mother individual emotion regulation and their mutual regulation.ParticipantsParticipants were 63 adolescent and young adult mother-infant dyads recruited at a hospital.MethodsThe mothers were administered the Adult Attachment Interview to evaluate reflective functioning and attachment and the Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse was used to evaluate maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment. Mother-infant interactions were coded with a modified version of the Infant Caregiver Engagement Phases.ResultsDyads with mothers with childhood maltreatment (vs dyads with mothers with no maltreatment) spent more time in negative emotional mutual regulation (p = .009) and less time in positive and neutral mutual emotion regulation (p = .019). Cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment were associated positively with mother and infant negative states at individual and dyadic level and with the AAI scales of Passivity and Unresolved Trauma (p < .05). The effect of cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation was direct and not mediated by maternal attachment and reflective function.ConclusionsMaternal childhood experiences of maltreatment increase the risk connected to early motherhood, affecting mother-infant emotion regulation.     

Childhood maltreatment,cognitive emotion regulation strategies,and alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent males: Direct and indirect pathways

ObjectivesChildhood maltreatment (CM) and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERSs) may be important in alcohol craving and dependence in alcohol-dependent individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct effects of CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and alcohol dependence and its indirect effects via CERSs in individuals with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 329 alcohol-dependent males completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short version (CERQ-Short), the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS), the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).ResultsParticipants with alcohol dependence had early age of onset of alcohol use (mean = 20.78 years), relatively long duration of alcohol use (mean = 11.14 years), and low education (mean = 9.55 years). Indirect effects were observed from CM to the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence only through maladaptive CERSs after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. No direct effect was observed through CM on the subscales of alcohol craving and dependence.ConclusionsAlthough drawing causal conclusions from the current research is impossible, the findings suggest that maladaptive CERSs may be a possible mechanism relating CM to alcohol craving and dependence in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals, while adaptive CERSs may be less important regarding this relation. However, the findings of the current study need longitudinal research.     

环境规制、技术创新对全要素碳生产率的影响研究——基于中国省域的空间面板数据分析

为探究环境规制政策是否能够实现碳减排和经济增长的“双红利”,本研究采用松弛模型的方向距离函数(SBM-DDF)模型和空间面板计量方法,通过测算2006-2016年中国省域全要素碳生产率,刻画中国省域全要素碳生产率的空间特征,进一步厘清环境规制、技术创新对全要素碳生产率的影响机理。研究结果显示：(1)中国各省份全要素碳生产率存在显著的空间集聚特征,其中高-高集聚(H-H)省份多位于东部沿海发达地区,而低-低集聚(L-L)省份多位中西部欠发达地区;(2)环境规制会促进全要素碳生产率的提升,且环境规制对全要素碳生产率的“本地效应”大于“邻地效应”;(3)技术创新在环境规制对全要素碳生产率的影响中存在部分中介效应。     

"双一流"背景下基于学科评价的图书馆信息资源优化配置探讨

[目的/意义]旨在为高校图书馆优化配置信息资源采购资金提供参考。[方法/过程]依据一流学科评估要求建立学科的评估指标体系,应用熵权法并结合TOPSIS模型得到各学科资金配置权重,根据资金的预算约束条件构建线性规划优化模型,借助MATLAB方法建立资金预算约束条件下信息资源采购资金最优配置方案,并通过仿真算例验证该方案的有效性。[结果/结论]该方案能有效提高信息资源建设资金的投入效益。     

基于超星学习通平台的高级语言程序设计教学模式研究

高级语言程序设计课程是计算机科学与技术专业后续学习的基础课程。在新技术不断涌现、教育改革掀起浪潮的新环境下,如何更新教学理念、善用技术来提升该课程质量是一个充满活力的论题。本文从高级语言程序设计课程在传统课堂中的呈现情况、教学理念的更新、基于超星学习通的新教学模式的设计几个维度来进行探讨,提供一些建设优质课堂的角度。     

影子价格在产品计划中的应用和解法

在生产和经营等管理工作中,需要经常进行计划或规划。线性规划中的影子价格是在一定的资源情况下,合理利用资源从而达到实现最大利润时对资源的估价。本文将以经济分析问题中的最基础也最常见的产品计划问题为例,着重讨论线性规划求解的影子价格在其中的运用和解法,并且比较两种不同软件解答的优劣。     

轴控制器在大型流动演出中的应用--以庆祝澳门回归祖国20周年文艺晚会为例

介绍轴控制器在庆祝澳门回归祖国20周年文艺晚会中的应用,对应用中的关键技术和难点进行分析和说明。     

基于多目标的大型体育场馆 PPP项目的融资性研究

PPP模式已成为我国公共产品或服务提供的重要方式。PPP 项目的融资性是公私双方合作的关键因素之一。PPP项目中主要合作方的融资目标既有共同点又存在差异点。研究在文献回顾的基础上,依据利益相关理论,分析了我国大型体育场馆政府、社会资本和公众对 PPP项目融资目标的不同诉求和体育场馆融资要素结构,运用多目标规划模型,以重庆市某体育场馆为例对伙伴各方接受的融资性进行方案对比,探讨了假设条件下实现体育场馆PPP项目融资的最佳伙伴合作方式。     

论中国竞技体育的社会自治与国家规制

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对当前我国竞技体育的管理运行现状进行分析,指出竞技体育政府权力越位或缺位明显,社会自治权限不清,竞技体育社会组织的营利性质、活动范围定位指向不明确.基于社会自治与国家法治之间相互依存、相互促进的逻辑关系,对竞技体育的社会自治路径进行了规划:明确竞技体育自治制度,转变政府职能,向服务型方向发展;完善相关竞技体育自治的国家法律规制.     

半定规划的齐次不可行内点算法

为降低半定规划(SDP)问题的迭代复杂度,并且有更好的数值实验结果,提出一种新的宽邻域上的齐次不可行内点算法.半定规划的KKT条件是单调互补问题(MCP),通过构造齐次模型(HMCP)以及提出新的宽邻域来解这个齐次模型,得到半定规划问题的最优解.这种算法容易判定原问题是否可行.在NT方向,证明迭代点在新的宽邻域内是收敛的,且迭代复杂度为O(√nlogL),其中n是SDP问题的维数,L=Tr(X⁰S⁰)/ε,其中ε是需要的精度,(X⁰,S⁰)是迭代起始点.这个复杂度比一般的半定规划不可行算法的迭代复杂度低.提供了数值实验,证明此算法比其他不可行算法具有更好的数值实验结果.