Integrating moving average control procedures into the risk-based quality control plan in small-volume medical laboratories

IntroductionThe modern approach to quality control (QC) in medical laboratories implies the development of a risk-based control plan. This paper aims to develop a risk-based QC plan for a laboratory with a small daily testing volume and to integrate the already optimized moving average (MA) control procedures into this plan.Materials and methodsA multistage bracketed QC plan for ten clinical chemistry analytes was made using a Westgard QC frequency calculator. Previously, MA procedures were optimized by the bias detection simulation method.ResultsAspartate aminotransferase, HDL-cholesterol and potassium had patient-risk sigma metrics greater than 6, albumin and cholesterol greater than 5, creatinine, chlorides, calcium and total proteins between 4 and 5, and sodium less than 4. Based on the calculated run sizes and characteristics of optimized MA procedures, for 6 tests, it was possible to replace the monitoring QC procedure with an MA procedure. For the remaining 4 tests, it was necessary to keep the monitoring QC procedure and introduce MA control for added security.ConclusionThis study showed that even in a laboratory with a small volume of daily testing, it is possible to make a risk-based QC plan and integrate MA control procedures into that plan.     

Preliminary Analysis of Crystallization of Na2SO4 Solution in Silicate Cultural Relics

ABSTRACT

Currently, there is a lack of research on the migration and distribution of soluble salt solutions in the pores of fragile silicate cultural relics, especially the thermodynamic changes during crystallization, and the forces causing the destruction of cultural relics. Thus, this paper used infrared thermal imaging analysis and extended depth-of-field microscopy to observe the changes in temperature, morphology, migration, and crystallization rate of Na₂SO₄ solution – the most typical solution that causes damages to cultural relics – in the crystallization process and in different capillary pores. The results show that the formation of soluble salt crystal nuclei and subsequent crystal growth mainly occurred in the liquid phase region below the ambient temperature, and then the salt crystals in the deliquescent state became more compact due to the attractive force generated from liquid-phase water evaporation. Additionally, three stages of migration and crystallization of the salt solution in different capillary pores were found. Large-area crystals appeared in the capillary pore with a large diameter, and bubbles were generated. This is likely because the surface tension of the Na₂SO₄ solution decreased with increasing concentration, and the solubility of the air dissolved at the solid–liquid interface of the mouth of the capillary pore and the pressure in the capillary pore decreased. A self-designed double-layer contact surface internal pressure method and extended depth-of-field microscopy were used to carry out real-time online observation of the force applied on the contact surface during the crystallization of the salt solution. It was found that the airflow determined the direction of capillary movement of the solution, and water migration determined the laminar flow in the capillary pore. Salt crystallization played a role in distortion and shape-fixation of pores. Small spikes in the mass indicated that the expansion–contraction force generated by the salt solution during the crystallization process was in a state of constant change, and the degree of expansion was always slightly more significant than the change caused by contraction. Expansion forces dominated the surface of the sample. In this paper, the change in crystallization and the forces of the soluble salt solution were analyzed.     

体育赛事节目网络实时转播的著作权法困境及对策

针对未经许可利用网络实时转播体育赛事节目的行为，当前司法裁判仍然存在诸多问题。通过分析发现：在现行著作权法框架下，赛事直播画面的法律属性备受争议，即使直播画面构成作品或录像制品，由于法律本身的制度漏洞，赛事节目制作人和授权播放机构的视听传播利益仍不能得到切实有效的保护。认为：一方面应抓住《中华人民共和国著作权法》第3次修订这一契机，进一步整合著作权和录像制作者权的权能构造，扩张广播组织权使之能延伸至互联网领域，从而给予体育赛事节目更全面的保护；另一方面，可在《中华人民共和国体育法》中为赛事组织者创设“赛事利用权”这一可自由流转的财产权利，从而保障作为权利受让人的制播机构能够基于这一法定权利维护自身合法利益。     

串口通信的一种通用模式

为了通过通信线路实现异地远程数据的实时传输,提出一种基于串口通信的通用模式：首先应用zlibEx对数据进行最大化压缩,减少线路传输数据量及传输时间;在进行文件流压缩时,加入md5算法生成的加密口令,提高数据的安全性;最后根据自定义通信协议将压缩后的文件通过串口进行远程传输。     

年龄视角的语言变体研究

文章尝试对由年龄因素引起的语言变体进行研究,首先对年龄变量引起的语言变体的研究现状和研究难点归纳总结,然后提出采用"显象时间假设"这一理论进行语言变体研究,最后通过实例证明年龄级差现象的可能性。从年龄角度进行语言变体研究可以更好地增加对社会语言学中语言变体的更多了解。     

数字电路触发器应用分析——以智力竞赛抢答器设计为例

在数字电路中,触发器是一种基本的逻辑记忆单元,具有的两种逻辑状态分别为0和1,即通常所说的没电或有电。电路中的触发器所具备的功能主要有三种,包括恢复功能、屏蔽功能、记忆功能,其中最为重要的是记忆信号功能,这也是构成时序电路最为基本的逻辑单元。为了进一步对数字电路触发器的应用进行分析,文章以智力竞赛抢答器设计为例,对抢答器电路中的触发器功能及运用进行了认识和探究。     

头相关函数时域建模仿真研究

对头相关相关函数进行了双耳的时域主分量分析,提取方位特征。对主分量进行了详细的讨论,并给出了一种实时条件下适用的矩阵迭代算法。用2种不同的方案对HRIR进行数值逼近,实验结果表明了方法的有效性。     

试析英语口语语法的成因与特征

英语口语语法形成的主要因素有三个：口语语境、即时产生话语的限制以及口语的交互性／人际性．受这些因素的影响,口语语法呈现出如下主要特征：省略、代词、小品词、名词短语、相邻语对、共构单位、问句以及祈使句的高频使用;词汇密度小;有限的词汇使用量;话语不流畅以及语法结构简单化．理解和掌握英语口语语法对于英语教学具有重要意义．     

基于OSG的三维实时场景模拟系统的研究

以雷达目标信息的三维实时显示为背景,文章在OSG框架下研究了三维实时场景模拟的关键技术,包括三维场景的组织和管理、实时显示与更新、交互漫游以及三维地形的生成。结合MFC实现了三维实时场景模拟系统,应用于雷达目标信息的三维显示领域,效果良好,在未来信息战争环境下有着重要的应用价值。     

视频会议OpenMeetings在图书馆中的应用

文中介绍了开源视频会议系统OpenMeetings的基本框架和主要功能,结合图书馆的实际业务特点,提出了在图书馆利用视频会议开展参考咨询等服务的创新方向。