体育锻炼与文化成绩的相关联分析研究 ——以一分钟仰卧起坐为例

体育活动对青少年智育发展有积极的作用,但对学生的文化成绩影响还有待深入研究.研究分层抽样调查了广东省2499名小学生,通过测试体育运动项目一分钟仰卧起坐和文化成绩(语文、数学和英语),应用线性回归模型以校正性别,年龄,身高,体重,体重指数等因素的影响,在不同学校,多个年级的多个水平上,衡量体育运动能力对文化成绩的效应,并用meta分析和pooled分析综合评估其效应值的大小,最后采用偏相关系数进一步描述了一分钟仰卧起坐成绩与小学生文化成绩之间的关联.二者相关关系是客观存在的,这也暗示了鼓励和促进小学生积极参加体育锻练对于提高学习成绩的意义.     

基于基尼系数的流域水环境污染物总量分配研究

本文从经济、社会和环境系统整体效益出发将应用在经济学领域的基尼系数应用于总量控制分配当中,分别以人口、土地面积、GDP、环境排污现状和用水量作为控制指标,建立了一种定性与定量相结合描述流域各区域间水污染物排放总量分配的层次结构优化模型,并将该模型应用于某流域,结果表明,本文提出的分配方法,克服了等比例分配的不公平性,同时又兼顾了各分区间的实际差异,是一种较好的分配方法。     

广西面向东盟国家发展体育留学生教育的可行性与对策

从广西体育区域性优势、体育教育优势、体育品牌特色、经济效益以及东南亚国家的体育文化特点等方面对广西面向东盟国家发展体育留学生教育的可行性进行较为深入地分析,提出了相应的发展对策,以期为体育决策者以及体育院校在展开体育国际化教育方面提供参考。     

中国小康体育的形成与发展

小康体育是２１世纪中国体育发展的缩影。文章首先阐释了小康体育形成的社会背景；其次提出小康体育概念的依据，并概括出小康体育的特点；最后对小康体育发展走向进行了推测展望。     

A behavioural dynamic model of the relative age effect

Abstract

The relationship between date of birth and success in a variety of sports, including hockey, is well established. This phenomenon is known as the relative age effect (RAE). We model the RAE in Canadian youth hockey as a positive feedback loop where an initial age advantage is reinforced through additional training and playing opportunities based on perceived skill superiority. The same causal mechanism leads to a higher quit rate for relatively younger players. Our model effectively replicates the birth month distribution of Canadian National Hockey League players (R² = 86.79%) when driven by Canadian birth distributions. We use this model to evaluate three policies that aim to lessen the RAE. All of the policies reduce the RAE with a significant delay. The most effective policy is a combination of providing additional support to age disadvantaged children and rotating the cut-off date for youth leagues between January 1st and July 1st annually. In equilibrium, this approach leads to a 96% reduction in the RAE compared to the base case.     

肌肉形态特征与肌肉力量相关研究

肌肉力量是人体运动的基本素质 ,与肌肉形态有关 ,更有赖于肌肉的横断面积大小。测量人体肌肉的形态指标或肌肉的横断面积 ,推测肌肉力量 ,并对不同人群的肌肉力量进行比较 ,探索肌肉形态特征与肌肉力量的内在规律 ,这对运动员训练水平的评估、运动损伤的治疗与康复及科学选材等方面都具有十分重要的意义。     

The Influence of Hygroscopic Materials on the Fluctuation of Relative Humidity in Museums Located in Historical Buildings

ABSTRACT

The preservation of artefacts in museum collections is profoundly affected by fluctuations in temperature and, especially, relative humidity (RH). Since the late nineteenth century, many studies have been carried out on the best way to control hygrothermal conditions. In old buildings located in maritime temperate climate zones (such as Portugal) with strong thermal inertia, and which have low ventilation rate (relative to the volume and number of visitors), daily and seasonal hygroscopic inertia may help to assure the maintenance of RH stabilization conditions. The use of expensive active systems may be minimized through the passive behaviour of internal finishing building materials. This work presents the results of an experimental laboratory study conducted in a flow chamber to demonstrate the enormous potential of hygroscopic materials in stabilizing interior relative humidity. Based in these results and in-situ monitoring in a museum housed in a building, located in Porto, with a typical construction of the 1950s (granite masonry and reinforced concrete slabs), a numerical analysis was done to quantify the influence of hygroscopic materials in stabilizing the interior relative humidity.     

我国男女三级跳远运动员三跳比例及对成绩的影响

摘要：针对我国男女三级跳运动员的技术数据,通过调整运动员起跳时速度转换系数,模拟运动员可以达到最好成绩的三跳比例和技术类型,从而了解技术类型和速度转换系数对运动员成绩的影响。研究采用平面摄像与解析的方法,选取我国三级跳运动员男子7名和女子6名的比赛技术数据进行分析。应用Yu（1999）开发的三级跳模型对不同速度转换系数条件下3次跳跃距离进行模拟,分析每名运动员能够获得的最远实际三跳距离,以及相关的最佳跳跃技术类型和速度转换系数。结果显示,研究中的运动员存在可达到最大三跳距离的最佳三跳比例策略,如采用最佳三跳比例策略,可使比赛成绩平均提高70厘米以上。速度转换系数会影响最佳三跳比例。运动员可根据自己的能力和尽量减少损伤危险的基础上选择可以达到最大三跳远度的最佳三跳比例。     

肌力系数的物理意义及其应用

提出了肌肉力量系数 (肌力系数 )这一概念 ,并用标度理论分析了这一概念的物理意义。肌力系数为一力量指标 ,它只与肌肉的力量素质有关 ,与身高、体重无关。用肌肉力量系数来评价不同个体间的力量素质具有较强的可比性     

DEA方法在优秀运动队训练管理评价中的应用研究

对优秀运动队训练管理工作的评价涉及到对多种投入及产出指标的评价.DEA评价法是一个基于相对效率概念而发展起来的一种效率评价法,将其用于优秀运动队训练管理的评价有利于填补原有评价方法的不足.