对师专体育系学生运动损伤的调查与分析

对宿州师专体育系271名学生（男232人,女48人）运动损伤的调查分析,为探讨师专体育系学生运动损伤的特点、规律,做好运动损伤的防治工作,提供了客观依据。     

学校体育学生伤害事故的法律责任研究

校园学生伤害事故是目前社会普遍关心的热点问题，学校体育是校园学生伤害事故的多发区。通过对学校体育学生伤害事故法律责任的研究，使学校体育在面对学生伤害事故时，有法可依，也使学校、教师、学生和学生家长在学校体育学生伤害事故中，更明确各自应承担的法律责任。以及权利和义务，依法保障师生双方的权益。     

Playing surface and UK professional rugby union injury risk

Artificial rugby union playing surface installation is increasing. This prospective cohort study aimed to examine the effect of playing surface on match injury types within 157 players of two UK professional rugby union clubs playing 209 matches (96 on artificial surfaces and 113 on grass) over three seasons. There was no difference in overall injury risk between the two playing surfaces with injury incidence on artificial 80.2 (CI 69.9–91.7) and on grass 81.9 per 1000 match-hours (CI 72.2–92.5), with an incidence rate ratio (RR) of 0.98 (CI 0.82–1.17). There was a higher rate of concussion (RR 0.52, CI 0.34 – 0.78) and chest injuries on grass (RR 0.26 CI 0.07, 0.95), and a higher rate of thigh haematoma (RR 2.25, CI 1.05–4.82) foot injuries (RR 4.12, CI 1.10, 15.40) and injury to players being tackled (RR 1.46, CI 1.00, 2.15) on artificial. Whilst there was no higher injury risk for matches played on artificial versus natural grass surfaces, the higher incidence of concussion and chest injury on grass, and the higher rate of foot injuries on artificial surfaces may be related to tackle and footwear-to-surface interface factors.     

我国女子体操运动员运动损伤情况的调查与分析

对近十年来我国女子体操运动员的运动损伤情况进行了调查 ,找出了运动损伤的主要原因、常见部位及主要发生时期 ,对我国女子体操运动员运动损伤的预防具有重要意义。     

螺旋藻对大鼠运动性骨骼肌损伤保护作用的研究

观察螺旋藻对大鼠力竭运动后自由基代谢及肌肉损伤标志酶的影响,发现螺旋藻能使力竭运动后骨骼肌线粒体自由基生成减少,抗氧化酶活性增强;使血清中肌肉损伤标志酶水平降低。显示螺旋藻对运动性骨骼肌损伤有显著的保护作用,是较为理想的运动营养补剂。     

Basic fibroblast growth factor alleviates brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion in rabbits

The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion and its mechanisms. Brain injury following global ischemia was induced by four vessels occlusion and systemic hypotension. Twenty-four rabbits were randomized into three groups: group A, only dissection of vessels; group B, intravenous infusion of normal saline after reperfusion for 6 h; group C, 30 μg/kg bFGF injected intravenously at the onset of reperfusion, then infused with 10 μg/(kg·h) for 6 h. Serum neuron specific enolase (NSE), S-100B, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured before ischemia, 30 min after ischemia, 0.5, 1, 3, 6 h after reperfusion. Brain water content was determined and cerebral histopathological damages were compared. NSE and S-100B were increased 1 h after reperfusion and reached their peaks 6 h after reperfusion, but were much higher in group B than those in group C 3, 6 h after reperfusion. In groups B and C, TNF-a was increased after ischemia and IL-1 and IL-8 were increased significantly 0.5 h after reperfusion, then reached their peaks 6 h, 3 h, 6 h after reperfusion respectively. TNF-a and IL-8 at the time points of 1 h and 3 h and IL-1 at 3 h and 6 h in group C were correspondingly lower than those in group B. These indices in group A were nearly unchanged. There were less severe cerebral histopathological damages in group C compared with group B, but no difference in brain water content. It could be concluded that bFGF alleviates brain injury following global ischemia and reperfusion by down-regulating expression of inflammatory factors and inhibiting their activities.     

黑龙江省高校体育教育本科专业开设运动损伤学课程的可行性研究

运动损伤是不容忽视的一个问题。通过文献资料法和访谈法对黑龙江省高校体育教育本科专业运动损伤学开课情况进行调查、比较和分析,从学校体育、竞技体育和群众体育三方面提出该课开设的必要性,旨在通过该课的学习提高体育教育专业学生的指导能力,降低运动损伤的出现。     

侧切和急停起跳对篮球运动员前交叉韧带运动生物力学特征的影响

目的:前交叉韧带断裂是体育运动中最常见的、严重的、治疗康复费高的膝关节运动损伤之一。研究目的是确定侧切和急停起跳动作对前交叉韧带运动生物力学特征的影响。方法:对男女各25名年龄在18~22岁的篮球运动员完成侧切和急停起跳动作时的下肢三维运动学、动力学和表面肌电特征进行采集和处理。运用2×2混合设计的双因素方差分析(ANOVA)对特征参数进行数理统计。结果:动作和性别对下肢水平向后地面反作用力、膝关节外翻力矩、膝关节内旋力矩、腘绳肌群肌电和压力中心到踝关节中心的水平距离具有显著性交互作用。结论与建议:所有篮球运动员完成侧切比急停起跳时膝关节伸膝力矩增加,这些差异使侧切动作发生ACL损伤的可能性更大。另外,仅男性篮球运动员进行侧切动作时更倾向于采用足跟着地方式、外翻力矩以及腘绳肌肌电更大。与男性相比,女性篮球运动员可能更容易导致ACL负荷增大。此外,在完成急停起跳动作中,男性篮球运动员比女性倾向于足尖着地且水平向后地面反作用力小。研究结果提示了在制定预防ACL损伤训练方案时,应根据不同动作和性别针对性地设计训练方式。     

南京市普通高校大学生足球运动中常见创伤的调查研究

对高校大学生足球运动中造成的运动创伤，从时间、部位、类型等方面进行调查研究．针对常见问题提出运动创伤的一般处理方法和预防创伤的建议。     

The Costs and Benefits of Early Sport Specialization: A Critical Review of Literature

ABSTRACT

There is a growing trend toward specialization in American youth sport, evident in the number of elite youth competitions and position statements from major medical organizations. Despite growing interest on this topic for kinesiology professionals within higher education, there is a dearth in research regarding the relationship between specialization and athlete health outcomes, especially psychosocial outcomes. This critical review describes specialization theory and the limited extant research on the costs and benefits of single-sport specialization. Topics include: (a) the proposed benefits of specialization from the performance perspective; (b) early specialization and alternative sport participation pathways; (c) the posited psychosocial and physical health risks of sport specialization; (d) ethical concerns; and (e) methodological issues and recommendations for future research. Deeper understanding of the costs and benefits of sport specialization has significant practical implications for youth athletes’ performance and well-being and for other relevant stakeholders in the youth sport system.