Maintaining the reversibility of foldings: Making the ethics (politics) of information technology visible

This paper will address the question of the morality of technology. I believe this is an important question for our contemporary society in which technology, especially information technology, is increasingly becoming the default mode of social ordering. I want to suggest that the conventional manner of conceptualising the morality of technology is inadequate – even dangerous. The conventional view of technology is that technology represents technical means to achieve social ends. Thus, the moral problem of technology, from this perspective, is the way in which the given technical means are applied to particular (good or bad) social ends. In opposition to this I want to suggest that the assumed separation, of this approach, between technical means and social ends are inappropriate. It only serves to hide the most important political and ethical dimensions of technology. I want to suggest that the morality of technology is much more embedded and implicit than such a view would suggest. In order to critique this approach I will draw on phenomenology and the more recent work of Bruno Latour. With these intellectual resources in mind I will propose disclosive ethics as a way to make the morality of technology visible. I will give a brief account of this approach and show how it might guide our␣understanding of the ethics and politics of technology by considering two examples of contemporary information technology: search engines and plagiarism detection systems.     

我国专利申请及R＆D经费支出情况统计分析

文章对1991—2003年我国专利申请受理情况及国家R＆D经费支出情况进行了统计分析，发现我国在科技大步向前发展的同时也存在一些问题：如发明专利申请量小、企业尚未成为技术创新的主体、基础研究经费支出太少等。研究了我国R＆D经费支出中应用研究和试验发展研究经费投入之和与专利申请量的关系，得出两者之间存在着高度的正线性相关关系，回归方程为：Y=148．607X＋23693．35，即专利申请量随着应用、试验发展经费投入的增加而增加。文章最后就解决目前存在的问题提出了一些建议。     

科研成果技术评价改革探讨

当前科研项目的投资主体呈现出多元化，而科研成果的技术评价方式仍由政府主管行政部门管理下的单一评价方式，存在某些弊端，导致了技术需求者对技术评价结论的质疑。要使技术评价结论有更高的权威性，还必须对目前技术评价中的某些不太完善的方面进行改革，体现技术评价结论的国家权威性。本文提出了改变现状的一些设想。     

河北省理工院校竞争情报教育现状及发展策略

随着竞争情报在企业逐鹿市场、克敌制胜中的作用日益突显，竞争情报教育悄然兴起。本文在调查河北省理工院校竞争情报教育状况基础上，对竞争情报教学内容和方法进行了精心设计，面向1000多名学生开展了教学实践，针对实际问题提出了相应的发展策略。     

跨国公司R&D国际化趋势及其对中国跨国公司的启示

随着世界经济全球化 ,跨国公司的 R &D活动出现了国际化趋势。在此 ,分析了跨国公司R&D国际化的必然性、新趋势 ,并提出如何使中国跨国公司 R&D活动国际化的建议。     

基于大数据决策分析需求的图书馆大数据清洗系统设计

图书馆的大数据时代已经来临,大数据质量问题是影响图书馆大数据应用的重要因素,而大数据清洗则是提高图书馆大数据质量的主要手段。本文介绍了图书馆不清洁数据的类型与产生原因,设计了基于大数据决策分析需求的图书馆大数据清洗系统,该系统不仅可以提高大数据清洗的效率和精确度,而且大幅度降低了图书馆大数据决策分析的复杂度。     

高校科研水平评估模型的建立及应用

科研是高校发展的原动力和生命力，同时也是促进教学不断进步的有效手段，科研水平高低直接决定高校的发展。本文首先建立了一个评估高校科研水平的指标体系，然后利用模糊综合评估方法建立了评估摸型，从而可以科学的、直观地评估高校的整体科研水平。最后应用此评估模型，对五所高校科研水平的能力进行评估和比较。     

Can creative destruction be destroyed? Military IR&D and destruction along the value-added chain

We elaborate a supply chain innovation matrix that can be applied to both commercial and military supply chains. By shifting the analysis from a focal firm to industry structure, we argue that the market structure of the entire supply chain functions as a major moderating variable in determining both the timing and adoption of innovations, both for commercial and military markets. We extend work on supply chain resource dependency by drawing a distinction between market-structure-induced resource dependency and supplier over-reliance on a customer in a competitive market. This has policy implications for the organization of military industrial research and development (IR&D). Joint service research and development (Jointness) will certainly bring about innovation, but it will be incremental, reinforcing established military hierarchies. Policy makers may need to add this probable consequence when comparing Jointness and inter-service rivalry. The cost savings inherent in Jointness may unwittingly sustain a military force unready for fighting the next war.     

国外激励企业R＆D的财政政策趋势研究

通过对激励企业R＆D财政政策的研究，认为政府对企业R＆D的激励力度逐步加大；中小企业研发、合作研发和跨国公司研发是各国财政政策的支持重点。激励政策工具主要有直接资助和间接激励。越来越多的国家倾向于间接激励方式。许多国家开始采用研发人员个人所得税优惠政策。对我国研发激励政策提出相关建议。     

建设工程项目设计阶段的投资控制

建设工程项目的设计阶段是决定项目投资的关键阶段,但目前这一阶段的投资控制存在不少问题,推行限额设计和推广标准设计是设计阶段投资控制的最有效措施.