辽宁体育产业成长性及其演进研究

辽宁体育产业成长性演进的初始制度禀赋是政体合一的制度安排;历史演进是以政府为核心推动力的制度变迁,路径和目标选择依赖于政府的政治意愿和意志;政府对发展体育事业的资金需求是体育产业成长性的动力之一;演进过程呈现出阶段性和非均衡性的特色。     

优秀女子网球运动员职业过渡阶段年度训练与参赛规律研究

摘要：通过文献资料法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,透过对优秀女子网球运动员职业过渡阶段年度参赛的多项指标进行分析,旨在为我国处于该阶段的优秀女子网球运动员的成长提供参考。结论如下,年度训练周期安排以“板块”小周期训练为主,采用赛练结合的小周期训练模式;赛间训练是网球运动员训练年度周期划分的一种灵活方式,训练内容、时间与强度与比赛强度和成绩有关,比赛强度越大,调整和恢复训练比重越大。比赛获胜时,运动员更容易接受教练员安排的训练内容。优秀女子网球运动员17岁进入职业过渡阶段,其完成职业过渡阶段路径可归为普通型、数量型和效率型三种类型,这与运动员身体条件和打法类型有关,高大型运动员以参赛效率为主,而身体条件较好的选手以参赛数量为主。根据运动员的打法特点,选择性参加快速或慢速场地比赛,且尽可能参加高级别赛事。运动员通常以2~3站比赛作为一个参赛单位,参赛密度逐渐增加,高级别数量增多,效率型运动员全年参赛级别呈“倒U型”分布,普通型运动员参赛级别差异性最小,数量型运动员参赛级别差异最大。     

Quiet eye training aids the long-term learning of throwing and catching in children: Preliminary evidence for a predictive control strategy

Abstract

Quiet eye training (QET) may be a more effective method for teaching children to catch than traditional training (TT) methods, but it is unclear if the benefits accrued persist in the long term. Thirty children were randomly allocated into a QET or TT group and, while wearing a mobile eye tracker, underwent baseline testing, training and two retention tests over a period of eight weeks, using a validated throw and catch task. During training, movement-related information was provided to both groups, while the QET group received additional instruction to increase the duration of their targeting fixation (QE1) on the wall prior to the throw, and pursuit tracking (QE2) period on the ball prior to catching. In both immediate (R1) and delayed (R2, six weeks later) retention tests, the QET group had a significantly longer QE1 duration and an earlier and longer QE2 duration, compared to the TT group, who revealed no improvements. A performance advantage was also found for the QET compared to the TT group at both R1 and R2, revealing the relatively robust nature of the visuomotor alterations. Regression analyses suggested that only the duration of QE1 predicted variance in catch success post-training, pointing to the importance of a pre-programming visuomotor strategy for successful throw and catch performance.     

我国运动休闲产业联动机制创新发展研究

在世界市场经济的语境中,联动机制是在不同企业乃至产业间的互动协调机制,它使得企业或者产业间的合作更加高效,从而可以节约资源,提高产品的生产效益和专业化程度.运动休闲产业涉及的企业种类和产业众多,内部产业链结构复杂,因此建立产业联动机制对于运动休闲产业发展来讲更加迫切.我国运动休闲产业在前期的意识转变、产业结构调整和市场准备等方面都取得了重要进展,但目前处于发展的瓶颈期.构建多种机制交织的运动休闲产业联动机制是冲破瓶颈期,取得运动休闲产业发展的必要条件.     

民国时期的公共科学馆与中学理科实验教学

科学馆在民国时期学校理科教学特别是中学理科实验教学中扮演了重要角色。民国时期公共科学馆从建议设立到零星出现再到行政推广的过程,凸显了它在中学理科实验教学中的作用及其与学校科学教育发展的关系。     

先秦百家纷呈与思维差异创新

中国先秦时期的百家争鸣、学说蜂起的局面,酿就了中国古代社会思想自由、教育勃兴、学术繁荣的文化景观。追慕其时学界士人的独立思维与创新治学之风,借鉴古代文明“求异趋同”思维模式的文化资源,自觉倡扬当今时代的思维差异创新,对于建设创新型国家、全面构建和谐社会、促进人的全面发展,无疑将大有裨益。     

Understanding human influence on climate change in China

China''s climate has been warming since the 1950s, with surface air temperature increasing at a rate higher than the global average. Changes in climate have exerted substantial impacts on water resources, agriculture, ecosystems and human health. Attributing past changes to causes provides a scientific foundation for national and international climate policies. Here, we review recent progress in attributing the observed climate changes over past decades in China. Anthropogenic forcings, dominated by greenhouse gas emissions, are the main drivers for observed increases in mean and extreme temperatures. Evidence of the effect of anthropogenic forcings on precipitation is emerging. Human influence has increased the probability of extreme heat events, and has likely changed the occurrence probabilities for some heavy precipitation events. The way a specific attribution question is posed and the conditions under which the question is addressed present persistent challenges for appropriately communicating attribution results to non-specialists.     

“后疫情”时期河北省地方高校大学生就业成效提升对策研究

本研究通过对多重压力叠加下的"后疫情"时期大学生就业特点进行分析,梳理"后疫情"时期支持大学生就业的政策,在政府、企业、地方高校和个体层面提出河北省地方高校大学生就业成效提升对策,为提特殊时期政策制定提供一个新的研究视角,为有效缓解大学生就业难的问题提供参考。     

短道速滑运动员少儿阶段训练的几点认识

短道速滑是我国参加冬奥会的主要夺金项目,探索少年儿童短道运动员的训练与成长规律具有战略意义。采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实践经验法对少儿短道速滑运动员训练中的训练内容、方法等进行分析和探讨。认为少儿短道速滑运动员的选拔应从5～6岁开始,以培养兴趣作为训练的基本切入点,以技术为重点,采用战术与心理相结合的方法进行训练。     

我国短道速滑发展现状及对策——第11届全国冬运会短道比赛调研报告

采用现场观察、文献资料等方法,对中华人民共和国第11届冬季运动会短道速滑比赛奖牌分布、对抗格局、比赛成绩等进行分析,试图通过对我国短道速滑发展现状的分析,发现制约我国短道速滑发展的主要因素。结果显示：老将实力突出,小将表现可喜,“北冰南展”发展战略的实施已见成效。认为场地条件急待解决,教练员水平有待提高,梯队建设有待完备,科研力度不足和技战术落后等是制约我国短道速滑发展的主要因素,从训练体制、教练员队伍建设、科学化训练、运动技术改进、后备人才培养和扩大项目影响等多方面提出了进一步发展短道速滑项目的对策。