Interactive sculpting of product shape based on constraint manipulation in virtual environment

In product concept design, not only designers with professional CAD skills, but also final customers take part in the design and evaluation of product shape styling. Because customers usually lack surface modelling background and are not familiar with concrete operations of commercial CAD systems, it is difficult for them to express their change intentions of product shape through professional CAD tools if they are not satisfied with the current shape design. This paper puts forward a method for creating, dragging and manipulating constraint and load represented in form of icon entity in interactive sculpting of product shape in virtual environment. The method supports customers manipulation of sculpting constraints or loads on sculpting shapes in virtual reality interaction to control the deformation of product shape. Constraints management based on icon entity is similar to spline lofting operation that is familiar to engineers, so users do not need to know surface details or have any professional knowledge of surface modelling, by only using their physical and engineering experience, they can manipulate the sculpting of product shape intuitively.     

浅论少数民族传统体育活动发展的途径

从少数民族传统体育发展的理论角度出发，分析和探讨了少数民族传统体育活动发展的现状和途径。     

Can individuals with Down syndrome acquire alphabetic literacy skills in the absence of phoneme awareness?

Two studies investigating the relationship betweenphoneme awareness and word reading ability in Downsyndrome (DS) are reported. The first study included33 Brazilian individuals with DS (mean age = 23years). They all had begun to read and all showedclear signs of phonological recoding skills. Thirty-three normal children (mean age = 7 years),matched with the individuals with DS for readingability, participated as controls. The second studyincluded individuals with DS with a wider range ofreading ability: a group of 46 readers (mean age = 22years) and a group of 47 nonreaders (mean age = 18years). The results question Cossu, Rossini, andMarshall's (1993a) claim that phoneme awareness is notrelated to alphabetic reading acquisition in DS.Although the individuals with DS who participated inthe first study performed rather poorly on a task thatpresupposes the ability to explicitly manipulatephonological representations, they performed quitewell on a task assessing the ability to detectphonemic similarities in words. We suggest that it wasthis ability that enabled them to acquire phonologicalrecoding skills as well as they did, despite theircognitive limitations. The results of the second studywere consistent with this interpretation. The abilityto detect phonemic similarities in wordssignificantly differentiated between the readers andthe nonreaders, even after we controlled forvariations in letter knowledge, intelligence, andchronological age.     

Giant magnetoresistance

The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR). GMR is achieved in metallic multilayers, where the resistance of the multilayer changes considerably by the application of a magnetic field. This has paved the way for high density data storage in magnetic media. (left) Debakanata Samal is a research scholar at the Deaprtment of Physics at IISc, Bangalore. His research interests are in magnetotransport in oxide multilayers, spintronics. (right) P S Anil Kumar is an Asst. Professor at the Department of Physics, IISc Bangalore. His research interests are in spintronics, magnetic nano-structures, surface-and thin-film magnetism, magnetotransport in metallic multilayers and oxides, and spin-polarized electron scattering.     

排球上旋球手法教学探讨

高师体育教育专业排球普修课加强对上旋球手法教学的研究十分必要。着重就其动作方法与规格、教学手段与常犯错误等作了论述 ,并提出上旋球手法单列教学 ,趁早抓 ,重点抓 ,常抓不懈的教学建议     

关于电子自旋算符的几个问题

对有关电子自旋算符的表示和变换等运算的一些基本概念作了深入的研究,提出了一些新思想,阐明了在理解这些概念时应注意的一些问题     

中国医学期刊文献的书目控制新变化

本文总结和归纳了近10年我国医学期刊文献书目控制方式的新变化与新特点,并指出了网络环境下我国医学期刊文献书目控制发展的新趋势。     

氧化物La2-yBayCuO4的电子结构研究

利用Xα方法研究了氧化物La2-yBayCuO4的电子结构．研究结果显示,Ba掺杂对氧化物La2-yBayCuO4的电子态密度分布和能带结构有重要影响：（1）掺杂使由原来导电类型相反的两个基元组成的反铁磁绝缘体La2-yBayCuO4,变成了由导电类型相同的两个基元组成的超导体La2-yBayCuO4（2）掺杂使能带显著展宽,使电子态密度在Fermi面附近显著增大,并且d电子的贡献成为主要成分,而S电子的贡献却很小．说明高温超导主要是d波配对机制,S波配对是次要的,自旋涨落交换耦合可能是产生d波配对的主要原因．（3）Ba掺杂使Ba的电负性增强,O的电负性减弱,使La—O层、Cu—O层中的离子键、共价键特征演变成金属键特征,且使原团簇La8CuO6中Cu—O层由原来的接受电子特征变成提供电子的特征．     

贝特格子上纵场作用下的混合自旋模型性质研究

利用迭代方法,在铁磁情况下,研究了外场作用下二重Cayley树上自旋为1／2和3,2的混合Ising系统的热力学性质。通过数值求解,得出了亚晶格磁化强度MA,MB和总磁化强度M随温度变化的曲线。研究发现,亚晶格磁化强度MA、MB以及总的磁化强度在相同的外场条件下的变化趋势是一致的,只是饱和磁化强度数值有所不同,通过外场取值的不同,发现存在外场时与外场取零时磁化强度随温度变化趋势有所区别。结果还发现,铁磁情况下不管是否存在外场该系统都不存在三临界行为。     

翻译就是操纵——操纵学派综述

作为80年代翻译研究文化学派的一个重要组成部分,操纵学派以其崭新的视角和宏大的视野在翻译理论界引起了广泛关注。操纵学派认为“翻译就是操纵”,影响操纵过程的主要因素有：意识形态,诗学及赞助人力量。操纵学派的理论是在当代各种文化翻译理论的基础上发展起来的,既有一定的进步意义,又有一定的局限性。