The Use and Misuse of Standardized Testing: A Whiteheadian Point of View

First an overview is given about the actual national and international situation concerning standardized testing. Then two major reasons are presented why accountability systems based on standardized testing have become so widespread: (a) the missing validity and reliability of teachers’ assessment of students’ achievement, and (b) the important role standardized testing plays for out-put management in educational systems.On the basis of these considerations Alfred North Whitehead’s critical remarks on external standardized testing are presented. Whitehead’s main point is that external standardized testing limits the freedom of teachers to adapt to the complex, situation specific circumstances in order to obtain a maximum of the creative learning process for students who are conceived as specialists. Instead external testings lead to “teaching to the test.” As a consequence, the attitude of creative, adventurous exploration is undermined and substituted by simple pattern recognition, narrow visions, and even boredom. Finally, the question is raised whether there is any possibility of developing a measurement tool which on the one side meets scientific test criteria, and on the other side is still flexible enough to do justice to needs of individual schools – which according to Whitehead are the essential educational unit – and not vice versa, as it is the case at present with external standardized testing. That such a flexible approach to evaluation is possible is demonstrated by the presentation of the basic ideas of the MSS (Module Approach to Self-Evaluation of School Development Projects) which has been developed and examined in ten schools by the author and his collaborators.     

国家教委“九五”课题:残疾儿童随班就读效果评估研究

残疾儿童的个体差异较大，如何确定并保证残疾儿童的学习潜能在普通课堂上得到充分的开发，需要引起学校、家庭、社会及教、科研工作者的高度重视，需要建立一套系统的评估残疾儿童随班就读效果的指标体系。本文旨在通过对随班就读评估的目的、评估内容、评估方法和成果的分析报告，达到“本课题研究的开题目的，同时也向人们阐明对残疾儿童随班就读效果评估的必要性和紧迫性。     

绿色供应链管理条件下企业对环境影响的评价研究

经济可持续发展要求节能降耗,减少环境污染,从而推动绿色供应链管理的快速发展.本文根据绿色供应链管理的内容及其特点,结合环境管理标准,对绿色供应链管理条件下企业绩效评价指标体系与评价方法进行了理论探讨,并通过实例给出了方法的应用,为企业实施绿色供应链管理提供了方法支持.     

中等艺术学校美术欣赏教学与审美评价

美术欣赏教学要以提高学生对形式的审美感知水平及对形式意味的直觉能力为目的，从而对作品进行多维和有效的审美评价。     

Teacher evaluation policy as perceived by school principals: the case of Flanders (Belgium)

In Flanders (Belgium), a new teacher evaluation policy was issued which placed a lot of autonomy with school principals to develop and implement a new teacher evaluation system. In this study, we explore how Flemish principals perceive the new teacher evaluation policy and what influences their perception. Results demonstrate that principals perceive the policy as clear, but they are rather negative about the need, practicality, and complexity of the summative teacher evaluation. This perception is influenced by policy, context, and individual factors as is demonstrated in our qualitative analyses.     

形体教学课与美育教学

本文通过形体课教学与美育教学的关系，阐明了在形体教学课中对学生进行美育教学，不仅可以培养学生的审美观，而且可以增强学生在学习形体动作中的信心，从而更好地进行形体课教学。     

论大学生心理预警机制构建之意义与实现途径

构建大学生心理预警机制,是高校思想政治工作体系和心理健康教育体系中十分重要的环节。当前全国多数高校有针对地建立和启动了大学生心理预警机制。在分析大学生心理预警机制构建的现实意义的基础上,尝试性地提出了构建心理测评、心理档案以及心理预助的“三位一体”模式的实现途径。     

基于马尔可夫模型的高校图书馆学科评价服务研究

随着"双一流"建设总体方案的提出，科研成果越来越受到重视，高校图书馆开展学科评价服务，对于提升图书馆的服务和地位具有至关重要的意义。本文在分析了吉林大学2010-2016年发表的论文总体情况的基础上，选取论文发表总量前10名的学科为研究对象，运用文献计量学方法和马尔可夫模型分析方法，与传统的评价指标相结合，构建相应的综合评价指标，消除学科间的基础差异，分析得出各个学科的发展速度和发展趋势情况。     

高校图书馆阅读推广活动的绩效评估实证研究——基于吉首大学图书馆调查分析

针对高校图书馆重阅读推广,轻绩效评估的现象,构建了一套阅读推广活动绩效评估体系。本文以吉首大学图书馆为例,从活动组织、参与者评估、校园影响3个方面对活动全程进行绩效评估,并对评估结果进行分析,提出相应对策。     

资产组合管理报酬设计方案探讨

建立与科学业绩评估相适应的资产组合管理业绩报酬设计尚未引起足够重视。目前我国资产组合管理报酬设计存在如下问题：固定报酬在总报酬中的比例过高，促使管理人追求高波动率的股票，而浮动报酬的设计可能导致业绩优秀的管理人追求高风险的个股，而业绩差的经理可能进行分散的消极投资。论文在国内首次提出如下方案：设定浮动报酬上限，降低起提浮动报酬的起提点，降低固定报酬在总报酬中的比例。