Incorporating physical activity‐based interventions in school psychology research and practice: A systematic review

Physical activity provides a myriad of well‐documented social‐emotional, behavioral, and academic benefits for youth. While research suggests that physical activity should be integrated within the school day to support the well‐being of students, an understanding of related empirical work within school psychology research and practice is unclear. School psychologists are well positioned to systematically incorporate physical activity within their intervention practices, particularly given their role and expertise in implementing and evaluating interventions. Authors engaged in a systematic review of 20 years (1998–2018) of physical activity intervention research within 10 peer‐reviewed school psychology journals and six school psychology‐related journals. Authors analyzed 22 studies to glean a comprehensive understanding of the literature base and highlight the ways in which physical activity can be incorporated to support school and student outcomes. Suggestions for research and practice in school psychology are discussed in light of the examined literature.     

PUBLICATION BIAS: THE ACHILLES' HEEL OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS?

ABSTRACT:  The term 'publication bias' usually refers to the tendency for a greater proportion of statistically significant positive results of experiments to be published and, conversely, a greater proportion of statistically significant negative or null results not to be published. It is widely accepted in the fields of healthcare and psychological research to be a major threat to the validity of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Some methodological work has previously been undertaken, by the author and others, in the field of educational research to investigate the extent of the problem. This paper describes the problem of publication bias with reference to its history in a number of fields, with special reference to the area of educational research. Informal methods for detecting publication bias in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of controlled trials are outlined and retrospective and prospective methods for dealing with the problem are suggested.     

Practical independent research projects in science: a synthesis and evaluation of the evidence of impact on high school students

Practical independent research projects (IRPs) are a feature of school science in a number of countries. To assess the impact of IRPs on students, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken. Thirty-nine papers met the review inclusion criteria, reporting on work from twelve countries. The review indicates that IRPs are often associated with wider initiatives such as authentic science, problem-based learning, and project-based learning. There is considerable variability in the nature of IRP work in relation to focus, models of provision, assessment, the involvement of external partners such as universities and employers, and funding, and this diversity affects judgements on the quality of the evidence base on impact. The majority of the research reviewed explored areas such as conceptual understanding, motivation to study science once it is no longer compulsory and attitudes to science, and the development of practical skills. Benefits were identified in relation to the learning of science ideas, affective responses to science, views of pursuing careers involving science, and development of a range of skills. Studies focusing on traditionally under-represented groups indicated that such students felt more positive about science as a result of undertaking IRPs. The review findings indicate that further work is needed to enhance the quality of the available evidence, to consider the ways in which IRPs can be validly assessed, to explore more fully the potential benefits for traditionally under-represented groups, and to explore more fully the potential longer-term benefits of participation in IRPs at high school level.     

THE PLACE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS IN EDUCATION RESEARCH

ABSTRACT:  The use of systematic reviews in educational research is a growing phenomenon in the UK, but is highly controversial. This article argues that such reviews have a useful place in a research cycle that wishes to inform and be informed by practice and policy. It proposes and discusses a model of educational research, showing how reviews relate to small or large-scale primary studies.     

系统论视野下的高校学生社团建设

当前高校学生社团发展中存在的许多突出问题,主要是由系统中各要素间信息不对称、交流不畅通以及处理问题时缺乏整体观造成的。从系统论的视角,对高校学生社团做一全面分析,揭示当前高校学生社团发展中存在的主要问题,然后从系统论的原理出发提出解决问题的几点建议。     

关于"学习型"学校建立的思考

在教育改革中,引入学习型组织的理论——建立学习型的学校已成为当务之急。学习型学校是成员能建立共同愿景,进行团队学习和系统思考,改善心智模式进而实现自我超越,从而每个成员都能在学校组织中获得内感报酬的学校。根据我国教育的现状,将学习型组织理论引入学校建立学习型学校存在有利的条件,也有不利因素的一面。但只要学校领导、教师、学生及社区共同努力,学习型学校的建立是完全能够实现的。我们从学校领导、教师、学生及学校与社区关系等方面提出了构建学习型组织的具体方法和途径。     

认真学习江泽民教育思想大力推进素质教育

针对全面推进素质教育实践尚未取得重大突破的现状,紧紧抓住教育观念心理变革的根本自觉的理念,按照江泽民教育思想,就牢固树立教育优先发展、教育创新、素质教育、教书育人和"教育是一个系统工程"等观念,紧密结合南京市深化教育改革、全面推进素质教育的实践作了较为全面的分析论述.实践"三个代表"的思想,对进一步深化教育改革,大力推进素质教育,提高教育质量和效益,具有十分重要的现实针对性和长远的指导意义.     

论邓小平的德育系统观

邓小平的德育思想立足于社会大教育、大德育观，全面系统地论述了德育的地位、目标层次、内容体系、途径方法及管理评估等方面的问题，是对系统化的马克思主义德育理论的新发展，为构建新时期德育系统化，增强德育实效性提供了科学的理论指南。     

用批评性语篇分析解读布莱尔的演讲

以批评性语篇分析理论为基础，以系统功能语言学为理论依据，从及物性、情态和预设三方面对布莱尔的演讲进行分析，从中可以看出语言是如何为意识形态服务的，从而很好地把握演讲者的政治意图。     

随机共振系统数值仿真中的参数分析

用数值方法研究了随机共振(SR)系统.理论分析表明,正弦信号在系统输出中的数值表现仍为正弦信号,白噪声的效应是维纳过程,较小的系统参数才能使随机共振系统发生信号调制噪声效应.仿真实例验证了分析结果.