The Byzantines and Saladin: Some Further Arguments

This is the second of two articles by the same author arguing against the thesis that there was a conspiracy between the Byzantine emperors and Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, against the crusader states and the Third Crusade in the 1180s. While the focus of the first article was primarily on the Latin sources, the present study shifts the focus to the Arabic primary material, hitherto largely neglected or inadequately treated by modern historians. Through a critical re-examination and re-interpretation of the Arabic sources, backed by the introduction and discussion of new Latin material when necessary, this article presents expanded arguments on the relations between the Byzantine Empire, the Sultanate of Konya and Saladin in the 1180s. The conclusions lend further support to the view that the Byzantine rulers and Saladin never concluded an alliance against the Latin settlers of Outremer and the Third Crusade.     

The “Other” in the Crusading Period: Walter the Chancellor's Presentation of Najm al-Dīn Il-Ghāzī

This paper examines ideas surrounding the presentation of the Muslim “other” in Latin writings of the early period of the Crusades. Using a case-study approach of the views of one chronicler, Walter the Chancellor, in his work Bella Antiochena, on one individual Muslim, Najm al-Dīn Il-Ghāzī, the paper studies aspects of the image of Il-Ghāzī, the reasons for them, how and why they develop throughout the chronicle, and whether, from the other information given in the chronicle, it would be possible to interpret the information in other ways. The conclusions reached demonstrate that the reason for the vitriol in Walter's presentation was his wish to justify the Crusades and suggest that the writers of Outremer started to develop their own cross-cultural responses to Islam, independent of mainstream European thought, because of their situation.     

论金初“南冠诗人”的忠义精神

金朝初年,被囚禁的滕茂实、朱弁、洪皓、司马朴等南冠诗人忠于宋朝,坚守节操。朱弁等使臣期盼宋室中兴,致力于两国和好,常以苏武自勉。司马朴等人客死他乡,朱弁、洪皓十余年后全节返宋,只求苟安的南宋朝廷对他们的表彰中隐含着排挤。这些宋臣未能被故国重用,相反,他们的忠义节操受到了金人的崇敬,成为南北文化融合后形成的中原文化的一部分。     

集装化危险品物流作业风险因素识别与评价

为识别与评价集装化危险品物流作业的风险因素,通过鱼骨图分析法构建风险因素评价指标体系。以风险发生的概率和后果为决策变量建立基于熵权 层次分析法（analytic hierarchy process, AHP）约束的数据包络分析(data envelopment analysis, DEA)法的风险评价模型。利用熵权 AHP解决传统DEA法的权重无限性问题,利用DEA法求解风险极大、极小值并对风险因素进行评价与排序。研究发现,人员风险、包装风险达到风险极大值,集装箱风险达到风险极小值。研究得到各风险因素决策单元的风险降低比例,并根据风险因素的特点提出集装化危险品物流作业风险管理的建议。结果表明了该评价模型的适用性和评价方法的科学性。     

衬垫与箱壁间空隙对苹果预冷效果的影响

为确保果蔬品质、延长储存期和货架期,采收后快速预冷去除田间热是冷链物流的关键环节.装有内部衬垫和产品的包装箱内部结构复杂,导致严重的冷却异质性.着眼于内部衬垫设计对苹果预冷效果的影响,尝试给出衬垫与箱壁间空隙的最佳宽度.以目前市场上广泛使用的瓦楞双层苹果包装箱为研究对象,建立三维模型,采用直接计算流体力学方法研究苹果的...     

卫生健康系统业务档案管理服务职能透析

本文为实现充分发挥卫生健康系统业务档案管理服务职能这一目标,针对卫生健康系统业务档案管理工作中存在的思想不重视、制度不完善、缺少专业人才等问题进行研究,采用文献分析法等研究手段,从完善制度、提升思想、人才培养和方法创新四个角度提升卫生健康系统业务档案管理服务能力.     

日语计算机与网络词汇使用状况初探--基于网页与操作系统的实证研究

计算机、互联网技术的不断发展与普及,为语言在网络虚拟空间的拓展提供了可能。日语也不例外,计算机技术领域、网络世界中各种新词层出不穷,构成了现代日语中最为活跃的风景之一。本文以日本网页和日文操作系统作为分析文本,对日语计算机与网络词汇的使用状况展开实证研究,力求对其有一个较为全面、切实的认识。     

GM(1,1)模型群在体育预测中的应用研究

本文论述在体育预测中运用GM（1，1）模型群的理论依据，介绍了GM（1，1）模型群的主要内容和使用方法，并结合男子链球老将毕忠最佳运动成绩．从理论和实践两个方面对GM（1，1）模型群在体育中的预测，做了较为细致的研究，并对应用中所存在的一些限制性因素进行探讨。旨在推广灰色系统理论在体育中的应用．使其能够更好、更科学地为体育事业服务。     

从第38届世界体操锦标赛看双杠动作的创新与发展

以第38届世锦赛双杠决赛选手为主要研究对象,分析了当今世界双杠D组以上动作的创新与发展。主要有:支撑前摆转体和支撑后摆跳转540°,分腿前空翻114屈臂撑;挂臂前摆屈体后空翻2周挂臂和挂臂前摆转体360°倒立;向后大回环屈体后空翻2周挂臂和梯佩尔特直接屈体前空翻;后回环转体360°倒立。     

Bone mineral density and lean mass asymmetries are greater in cyclists than non-cyclists

ABSTRACT

Cyclists may be at greater risk of developing asymmetrical force and motion patterns than other ground-based athletes. However, functional asymmetries during cycling tend to be highly variable, making them difficult to assess. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and lean mass (LM) in the lower limbs may be a more sensitive and consistent method to identify asymmetries in cyclists. The goal of this study was to determine if competitive cyclists have greater levels of asymmetries in the lower body compared to non-cyclists using DXA. A secondary aim was to determine if aBMD and LM asymmetries change over the road cycling season. 17 competitive cyclists and 21 non-cyclist, healthy controls underwent DXA scans. Lower-body asymmetries were greater in cyclists compared to non-cyclists in aBMD and LM for all lower limb segments. However, these asymmetries did not tend to consistently favour a particular side, except for the pelvis having more LM on the dominant side. The were no longitudinal changes in aBMD or LM in the cyclists. Asymmetry analysis via DXA provides evidence that although functional asymmetries during cycling are variable, cyclists have increased lower body LM and aBMD asymmetries compared to non-cyclists.