关注贫困大学生的生活体验——研究贫困大学生问题的根本路向

本文以对贫困大学生的概念的界定为切入点,探讨了研究贫困大学生问题的根本路向,即研究应该关注贫困大学生的生活体验,在贫困大学生描述自己的生活体验的过程中,形成对他们的解释性理解,同时使他们更好地成长。最后申明了引导大学生描述生活体验的注意事项。     

高校贫困生教育救助中的道德风险及对策

高校贫困生教育救助是社会救助的重要内容,具有独特的伦理意蕴。随着高校贫困生教育救助的推进,其负激励所引发的道德风险问题开始引起学界和社会的关注。教育救助的道德风险主要表现为两个方面,一是救助对象自身的救助依赖现象,二是救助制度设计及运行机制不完善引发的道德风险。转变教育救助理念,完善管理机制;强化地方政府的责任;加强法制建设以及加强高校贫困生思想道德教育是防范道德风险的基本途径。     

基于企业社会责任视角的扶贫开发思考——以广东本地企业为例

扶贫开发是我国一项伟大的复兴历史工程,影响深远。企业不仅有追求利益最大化的需求,也应具有参与扶贫开发建设的社会责任感,积极参与扶贫开发也是提升企业社会责任感的重要手段。文章以企业参与扶贫开发为例,考察广东省扶贫开发工作的现状,分析目前广东本地企业参与扶贫开发工作过程中存在的一些问题,提出促进企业参与扶贫开发工作的建议和措施。     

乡村振兴背景下体育产业助力精准扶贫的思考

通过案例分析、访谈、参与式观察等方法全面总结我国脱贫攻坚时期体育产业在不同经济发展区域的实践经验。在明确体育产业助力精准扶贫模式的生成逻辑与运行机制前提下,全面分析广东、山东、贵州的体育助力精准扶贫经验。在此基础上,提出乡村振兴背景下体育产业高质量助力精准扶贫模式的具体对策:首先,通过美丽乡村建设来实现体育产业高质量助力乡村振兴的效能感;其次,通过体育产业促进农业实现高质量服务农业发展的成就感;再次,通过提升体育产业增加农民收入来高质量提升农民个体的幸福感。     

Child Poverty in New Zealand: Why it matters and how it can be reduced

Abstract

A combination of policy changes and wider socio-economic trends led to a dramatic increase in child poverty in New Zealand during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Higher rates of child poverty have now become embedded in the system and show little sign of resolving themselves. For a country which once took pride in being comparatively egalitarian and, more particularly, a great place to bring up children, the tolerance of much greater child poverty is surprising. It is also concerning. Child poverty imposes many costs. This is especially the case, according to the available evidence, when poverty occurs during early childhood and when it is severe and/or persistent. These costs afflict not only the children directly exposed to poverty (e.g. in the form of lower educational achievement, reduced lifetime earnings and poorer health outcomes), but also the whole society. This article briefly explores the available evidence concerning the nature, magnitude, causes and consequences of child poverty in New Zealand and considers why substantial rates of child poverty have been tolerated for an extended period. Drawing on the lessons of anti-poverty approaches in other OECD countries, it then outlines a strategy for securing substantial and durable reductions in child poverty rates in New Zealand. Finally, it considers the prospects of such a strategy being implemented and suggests ways of enhancing the focus of the political system on child-related social issues.     

Putting Children at the Centre: Making policy as if children mattered

Abstract

What do we mean when we say we want to put children at the centre of policy? What are the moral justifications for this approach? Has it become harder for us to understand this concept, when in practice paid work has been at the centre? In part confusion arises because the unpaid work of caring for children is invisible until it is marketized. In turn, the underlying problem is that we have forgotten our traditions of egalitarianism and adopted a powerful mindset that is proving to be paralyzing. Exploring New Zealand family policies such as paid parental leave (PPL), early childhood education, child tax credits (CTC) suggests that there is much room for improvement if the needs of children are to come first. But first and foremost we must have a very different, child-centric, colour-blind, non-judgmental change of heart.     

支出型贫困人口生活状况变化研究——以福建省L市为例

支出型贫困者是指实际收入高于最低生活保障线,但是由于发生大宗的支出,而导致生活状况恶化的贫困者。他们没有受到政策的保护,面临着比低保户更为严峻的困境。通过定性研究方法（深度访谈法、观察法）,对比了支出型贫困者在2012年和2014年的生活状况变化。多数支出型贫困者的日常生活、心理状态和社会交往状况都发生了明显改善,但部分贫困者生活状况并未好转。生活状况改善变化的原因包括个人能力、非正式支持网络和政府与社会作用。其中,个人能力起到了关键作用,社会支持网络起了外部性的缓解作用,而政府和社会的作用则很微弱。     

Teacher resilience: theorizing resilience and poverty

In this article, I hope to provide some novel insights into teacher resilience and poverty on the basis of ten-year long-term ethnographic participatory reflection and action data obtained from teachers (n?=?87) in rural (n?=?6) and urban (n?=?8) schools (n?=?14, high schools?=?4, primary schools?=?10) in three South African provinces. In resilience debates, resilience in poverty-saturated schools is generally indicated as both process and outcome. Evidence from this study posits resilience processes in poverty as a lifeline chain, linking uninterrupted incidences of adaptation one after the other. Thus, rather than once-off incidental processes depicting a clear adversity beginning and positive adaptation end, adapting to poverty calls for resilience qualities characterized as a cable of nonstop vigilance. To mediate risk during resilience processes, the teachers in the study made use of traits such as compassion, creativity, optimism and especially flocking to access and use scarce protective resources. In the lifeline chain of resilience, the teachers demonstrated mostly positive outcomes as well as instances of maladaptation and thriving. Teacher resilience in poverty contexts means that teachers ceaselessly adapt in a sequence of linked incidents to a procession of risks. They use particular traits to unite and direct their adaptive series of behaviors in order to transform high-risk schools into supportive spaces where they sometimes thrive, and sometimes feel distressed but mostly function effectively as teachers.     

光伏扶贫对乡村振兴的政策效应

本文基于中国8个省的1251户有效农户问卷,采用双重差分方法,分析了光伏扶贫对促进乡村振兴在村级治理、产业发展、人居环境以及农户生活等维度的政策效应,并通过安慰剂检验、倾向得分匹配、替换变量等进行了稳健性检验.结果表明:①光伏扶贫能够显著提升村级产业发展和改善人居环境,但对提升村级治理的政策效应不显著.②从户级农户生活...     

Identification of Multipotent Mammary Stem Cells Fueling Hope for New Targeted Therapy of Breast Cancer

A team of researchers at the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences （SIBS）, CAS reported Oct .19 online in Nature the successful identificationof a long sought-after type of stem cells, the multipotent mammary stem cells （MaSCs） in mouse mammary gland, through a surface marker specifically expressed by this type of stem cells. This discovery settles a raging debate on the existence of multipotent MaSCs that can differentiate into all types of mammary epithelial cells, and moreover provides an ideal target for new drugs against breast cancers, especially a subtype that responds to no existing targeted therapy.