浅谈高等职业院校英语教学任务

布鲁纳是美国著名教育家、心理学家、教育改革家,他的认知结构主义学习理论在世界教育领域产生很大的影响。试图以布鲁纳基本理论来探讨目前我国职业院校英语教育任务方面所存在的问题。     

非稳态雾赋能网络中的在线任务卸载方法

为充分发掘分布在不同位置上的雾节点的计算资源,任务卸载被寄予众望。在雾计算场景下,以尽可能减少任务卸载的长期成本为目标,试图寻找一个高效的在线任务卸载方法。为此,这一问题被建模成一个随机规划问题,该问题中系统参数所对应的随机变量的期望会在未知时刻突变,系统参数相关信息只能在任务完成后的反馈中获得。基于非稳态多臂老虎机模型,提出一个高效的算法来解决这一具有挑战性的随机优化问题,给出理论分析证明该算法的渐进最优性。数值实验证明了该算法的优越性。     

Motivation counteracts fatigue-induced performance decrements in soccer passing performance

Recent theories suggest that negative effects of fatigue on performance are determined by perception of effort and motivation rather than being directly caused by reaching physiological limits. In the current experiment, the influence of motivation on fatigue-induced decrements in soccer performance was experimentally investigated. Sixty amateur soccer players performed a validated soccer-passing test before and after a fatigue protocol. Results showed that players’ motivation and performance decreased after the fatigue protocol for players in the control group. In contrast, players in the motivation group (i.e., with motivation experimentally induced after the fatigue protocol) were able to uphold their motivation and increase their performance. These results indicate that motivation plays a crucial role in performance under fatigue, as fatigue-induced decrements in soccer passing performance can be counteracted by high levels of motivation. Future research may explore the limits of this counteracting effect and extend findings to other relevant performance aspects.     

我国农村中小学布局调整政策执行的评估研究——基于义务教育均衡发展的视角

农村中小学义务教育均衡发展是一个十分重要的课题.近几年,我国农村中小学布局调整在取得一定成效的同时也引发了诸多问题,如：部分地区就学距离明显增加、寄宿制学校条件落后、农村家庭教育支出负担加重以及由于地方生源向县镇学校集中而出现新的教育资源紧张等.本文基于义务教育均衡发展的视角,从宏观、中观、微观三个层面,对“我国农村中小学布局调整政策”执行情况进行评估,明确目前取得的成效与不足,并根据此政策引发的问题提出合理建议.     

体育院校高水平运动队成员关系对团队冲突的影响

摘要：近些年来,团队成员关系变化对团队冲突影响越来越多,相关问题也得到了学者们的热切关注。体育团队作为较为特殊的团队形式具有与常规团队区别的差异特征,团队成员关系与团队冲突的关系更加值得深入探讨。本研究目的在于：通过对团队成员关系的阐述,解释成员关系特征对团队冲突的影响,由此找到合理激发任务冲突、控制关系冲突和任务冲突向关系冲突转化的办法,为提升体育团队绩效提供支持。为此,运用文献分析法、问卷调查法、案例分析法等研究方法,以沈阳体育学院板球院队为测量对象,研究了体育院校高水平运动队成员关系对对团队冲突的影响。通过研究,结果表明：1）体育院校高水平运动团队成员关系深刻影响着团队冲突,一般说来,团队成员关系越亲密,团队冲突就越少;2）团队成员工具性关系对团队冲突没有影响;3）团队成员情感关系对冲突具有积极的影响作用,成员关系越亲密,团队冲突就越少;4）关键事件通过影响团队成员关系来深刻影响团队冲突。     

分层教学法在田径普修课教学中的应用研究——以背越式跳高教学为例

随着我国教育改革的不断深化,为进一步培养适应社会发展需要的现代化体育人才,许多体育专业教师以现代教学理论为指导,引进国外的先进教学思想和方法,开始进行田径教学改革的研究,并取得了可喜的成果。本文在总结前人研究的基础上,以背越式跳高教学为例,探讨在田径普修课中运用分层教学法的意义,目的在于对学生进行更好的因材施教,提高田径普修课的教学质量。     

Representative learning design in springboard diving: Is dry-land training representative of a pool dive?

Abstract

Two distinctly separate training facilities (dry-land and aquatic) are routinely used in springboard diving and pose an interesting problem for learning, given the inherent differences in landing (head first vs. feet first) imposed by the different task constraints. Although divers may practise the same preparation phase, take-off and initial aerial rotation in both environments, there is no evidence to suggest that the tasks completed in the dry-land training environment are representative of those performed in the aquatic competition environment. The aim of this study was to compare the kinematics of the preparation phase of reverse dives routinely practised in each environment. Despite their high skill level, it was predicted that individual analyses of elite springboard divers would reveal differences in the joint coordination and board-work between take-offs. The two-dimensional kinematic characteristics were recorded during normal training sessions and used for intra-individual analysis. Kinematic characteristics of the preparatory take-off phase revealed differences in board-work (step lengths, jump height, board depression angles) for all participants at key events. However, the presence of scaled global topological characteristics suggested that all participants adopted similar joint coordination patterns in both environments. These findings suggest that the task constraints of wet and dry training environments are not similar, and highlight the need for coaches to consider representative learning designs in high performance diving programmes.     

大众健美操技术动作发展趋势的研究

采用文献资料法、录像观察法、访谈法,根据动作编排的理念和要求,对第2、3套《大众健美操锻炼标准》规定技术动作比较研究,探讨中国大众健美操运动技术动作的发展趋势,结果表明:大众健美操技术动作在不断创新和发展;它的种类和练习形式趋于多样化;编排追求艺术化、大众化;指导大众健身具有科学性、规范性。     

我国布局城市校园足球联赛开展现状及对策研究

通过联赛评估、竞赛会议以及实地调研等方法,对目前我国布局城市校园足球联赛的开展状况进行客观的评价,并指出其存在的主要问题,以期为我国校园足球联赛的持续、健康、稳定发展提供参考和借鉴。     

对健美操专选大学生任务定向与自我定向的研究

通过对浙江省部分在校的大一、大二共3280名学生任务定向和自我定向自然实验的测试结果表明：大学生在体育运动中任务定向均值较高，而自我定向均值较低，但不同专项的学生在任务定向和自我定向中有着不同的差异。不了解体育项目之间的特点与内在性质上的差异，是造成大学生任务定向与自我定向均值高低不等的主要原因。