网络教育教学资源合理使用问题探析

网络教育教学资源的合理使用,是有效解决网络环境中著作权人的利益与社会公众对网络教育教学资源客观需求之间矛盾的重要手段之一。本文在立足于客观实际的基础上,对中外相关立法进行了分析和比较,提出了相应的立法建议;同时,也对网络教育教学资源合理使用的一些技术保护措施做了简略介绍。     

内容分布与认知要求双重视角下数学课程标准比较研究--基于“中国”“美国”“新加坡”小学初中学段之比较

选取在国际上有代表性的美国及亚洲的新加坡与中国的小学及初中数学课程标准为研究对象,从内容分布与认知要求两个维度进行编码比较研究。主要研究结果显示三国数学课程标准分别呈现如下特征：中国在内容维度上,几何内容拥有的认知要求最多,在认知要求维度上最重视数学推理,并且数学推理主要是以几何内容为主要载体的;美国和新加坡在内容维度上,数与代数拥有最多而丰富的各类认知要求,在认知要求维度上两国均十分重视“问题解决”,美国还重视“关联”类认知要求。     

新课程标准与小学古诗教学

小学语文新课程标准的颁布和语文教学理论研究的发展,要求古诗教学体现其新理念和新方法,从具体感知、激活想象、触发情感等三方面入手,正确把握语文教学乃至古诗教学的特点.     

浅谈高师音乐教学视唱练耳的基本训练方法

视唱练耳是音乐教学的重要内容，是学习音乐的基础。研究高师视唱练耳课的教学特点、规律，探索高效的教学法，对培养能适应社会需要的合格的师范人才，有着重要的意义。     

Tier-specific evolution of match performance characteristics in the English Premier League: it’s getting tougher at the top

This study investigated the evolution of physical and technical performances in the English Premier League (EPL), with special reference to league ranking. Match performance observations (n = 14,700) were collected using a multiple-camera computerised tracking system across seven consecutive EPL seasons (2006–07 to 2012–13). Final league rankings were classified into Tiers: (A) 1st–4th ranking (n = 2519), (B) 5th–8th ranking (n = 2965), (C) 9th–14th ranking (n = 4448) and (D) 15th–20th ranking (n = 4768). Teams in Tier B demonstrated moderate increases in high-intensity running distance while in ball possession from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season (P < 0.001; effect size [ES]: 0.68), with Tiers A, C and D producing less pronounced increases across the same period (P < 0.005; ES: 0.26, 0.41 and 0.33, respectively). Large increases in sprint distance were observed from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season for Tier B (P < 0.001; ES: 1.21), while only moderate increases were evident for Tiers A, C and D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.75, 0.97 and 0.84, respectively). Tier B demonstrated large increases in the number of passes performed and received in 2012–13 compared to 2006–07 (P < 0.001; ES: 1.32–1.53) with small-to-moderate increases in Tier A (P < 0.001; ES: 0.30–0.38), Tier C (P < 0.001; ES: 0.46–0.54) and Tier D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.69–0.87). The demarcation line between 4th (bottom of Tier A) and 5th ranking (top of Tier B) in the 2006–07 season was 8 points, but this decreased to just a single point in the 2012–13 season. The data demonstrate that physical and technical performances have evolved more in Tier B than any other Tier in the EPL and could indicate a narrowing of the performance gap between the top two Tiers.     

Dribbling determinants in sub-elite youth soccer players

Dribbling speed in soccer is considered critical to the outcome of the game and can assist in the talent identification process. However, little is known about the biomechanics of this skill. By means of a motion capture system, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the determinants of effective dribbling skill in a group of 10 Under-13 sub-elite players, divided by the median-split technique according to their dribbling test time (faster and slower groups). Foot-ball contacts cadence, centre of mass (CoM), ranges of motion (RoM), velocity and acceleration, as well as stride length, cadence and variability were computed. Hip and knee joint RoMs were also considered. Faster players, as compared to slower players, showed a 30% higher foot-ball cadence (3.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 contacts · s^?1, P < 0.01); reduced CoM mediolateral (0.91 ± 0.05 vs. 1.14 ± 0.16 m, P < 0.05) and vertical (0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.25 ± 0.03 m, P < 0.05) RoMs; higher right stride cadence (+20%, P < 0.05) with lower variability (P < 0.05); reduced hip and knee flexion RoMs (P < 0.05). In conclusion, faster players are able to run with the ball through a shorter path in a more economical way. To effectively develop dribbling skill, coaches are encouraged to design specific practices where high stride frequency and narrow run trajectories are required.     

当代大学生语言文字应用能力现状及其对策

目前高等院校学生的语言文字应用能力面临着下降的趋势,主要原因是英语热、网络语言的冲击、语文教育、政策的偏颇及社会环境的影响。高校教师要认识到问题的严重性与迫切性,抓住机遇,采取有力措施,提高学生的语言文字应用能力。     

对大学生评价所必须遵循的基本原则

本拟就对大学生进行科学评价必须坚持原则标准、规范标准、量化标准相统一的原则，坚持定性评价判断和量化评价判断相统一的原则，坚持评价判断的导向性和宽容性相统一的原则，坚持评价判断的客观公正性和有效性相统一的原则，坚持评价结论的绝对性和相对性相统一的原则等方面作初步探讨。     

科技资源开放共享标准体系研究

在介绍科技资源开放共享及其标准化内涵的基础上,根据科技资源开放共享的实际需求,分析科技资源开 放共享标准化中存在的主要问题,从标准体系的角度提出了问题的解决方案。同时,构建科技资源开放共享标准体系 的基本框架,给出包括总体标准、元数据标准、分类编码标准、科技资源标识标准、科技资源管理标准、科技资源安 全标准等标准子体系的内涵。最后,从路径、环境、步骤和保障4 个方面提出标准体系的实施建议。     

中国基础研究类高层次科技人才流动特征分析 ——以环境领域为例

探寻我国基础研究类科技人才,尤其是高层次科技人才的流动特征和规律,对于制定我国基础研究类科技 人才发现、培养和发展的政策具有重要意义。本文以环境领域国家杰出青年科学基金获得者为研究对象,对中国该领 域基础研究类高层次科技人才的机构流动和国别流动特征进行分析。基于马斯洛需求理论,进一步对不同动机产生的 人才流动所对应的年龄分布进行探讨,为我国基础研究类高层次科技人才的政策制定提供参考和借鉴。