信息论的“缺陷”——埃德加·莫兰对申农之批判

法国当代著名思想家埃德加·莫兰的信息理论 ,是建立在对申农信息论的批判上 ,他对申农有关噪音、比特、冗余等概念提出质疑 :申农把信息定位在纪录信息的符号或运载信息的信号中 ,是犯了本体性错误 ;申农的信息始终是反生成的。自传播源到接收源 ,信息量只会不断减少 ,收到的信息量永远比传出的信息量小。另外 ,申农的信息始终是预生成的。它一出现便像雅典娜一样从头武装到脚。人们不知道它如何出生 ,也无法理解它如何成长。莫兰认为信息应该有其生成与流通过程。     

中国、加拿大企业管理课程教学比较

课程教学质量高低，很大程度上取决于所采用的教材，它的适合性和配套性。引进、参考并吸收国外一些内容。很有必要。     

1995～2000年中国排球科研状况分析

306 scientific research theses of volleyball in 10 sorts of periodicals published during 1995～2000 in China were analyzed by applying methods of literature consultation, mathematical statistics and logical analysis. It was considered that the annual volume of volleyball theses published for the recent 6 years has maintained steady development. The research contents were unbalanced. The quality of the results was increasing continuously. The authors of those theses were mainly of the middle aged and young people, whose units seemed to be scattered, but a little centralized. The research items with funds provided were few. The main force of volleyball research was the personnel with the secondary senior academic title. The cycle from the contribution of articles to the publication was rather long. It was suggested that scientific research items on volleyball be set up purposely, the devotion of human and material resources be increased and opportunities be provided for scientific researchers to study and exchange experiences.     

当前计算机教学中存在问题的一些探索

微机应用正以高于摩尔定律的速度在发展 ,而我国的很多地方特别是贫困地区的计算机教学还是沿袭着传统的教育教学模式 ,越来越落后于先进国家和我国发达地区的计算机教育水平。本文作者以当局者的眼光看到其中的矛盾与焦点 ,并针对其中的一些问题谈了自己的想法与解决的途径     

试论中国画的题款与题跋

题款与题跋是中国画的重要组成部分。研究题款与题跋，对研究中国画产生的背景及画家的创作心态与艺术审美观都有重要意义。宋元以后，中国画题款艺术的发展，为中国画在形式上带来了新的气息，成了文人画的表现方式之一。     

关于富裕家庭少儿体质健康与生长发育状况的研究

首次报导了我国富裕家庭的少儿体质健康与生长发育的现状与差距。指出经济条件好的富家子女在生长发育指标上呈优良态势,其中身高,体重、胸围三项指标的均值,超过全国城市同龄组水平。但血红蛋白总体水平偏低,贫血比例较高,鸡胸、漏斗胸也有一定数量,以男孩为最。     

浅论读者现代化

读是图书馆赖以生存和发展的基础。读现代化的研究是图书馆实现现代化的客观前提，本对读现代化研究的重要意义。内涵及图书馆员的“催化”作用进行探讨，以利于图书馆事业的发展。     

竞技武术套路运动员新老规则前后运动损伤的调查分析和比较研究

本文通过对湖北武术队专业运动员、武汉体育学院竞技体校专业运动员、湖北高校武术运动员新老规则前后的损伤部位、损伤种类、损伤原因、损伤动作等方面进行调查分析研究,并提出一些对策与建议,为预防和减少运动损伤,提高训练效果,攀登技术高峰提供依据。     

Basic skill requirements for selected Army occupational training courses

This study investigated the basic cognitive skills soldiers must possess before entering the Army, skills that are needed for successful completion of entry-level training. Judgments of 126 instructors from 25 military occupational specialties were obtained on 129 candidate skills, which resulted in the identification of 55 basic skills. Factor analysis of these 55 skill items resulted in 11 interpretable factors. Mean scores on the factors were compared across factors and across Army training schools. The results of the study suggest that, for all occupational specialties studied, skills related to the learning process are as crucial as traditional academic skills for successful training course completion. These results have important implications for training for the Army as well as for industry.     

隋唐长安商业市场的繁荣及其原因

隋唐长安商业市场的繁荣表现在以下几个方面:一、市场内部店、肆、铺、邸空前增多;二、来长安经商的各地商人很多;三、市场上商品品种比前代大为增加;四、商业内部的行业分工更加细密,行业显著增多;五、商业活动逐渐冲破传统坊市制的束缚。这些都标志着当时长安商业发展到了一个前所未有的新高度。隋唐长安商业市场的繁荣主要取决于以下几个有利因素:隋唐两代国家统一,社会安定,币制统一;水陆交通发达及西域商路通畅;长安及关中地区社会经济的发展;长安作为全国政治中心的独特地位。正是在上述诸种有利因素的综合作用下,隋唐长安商业达到了空前繁荣的程度。