A multilevel analysis of late entry in Nigeria

This paper explores how factors operating at the state and community levels are associated with the prevalence of late school enrolment in Nigeria. We investigate the following three research themes. First, whether late entry varies across states and across communities and how much of this variation can be explained by the composition of communities and states. Second, whether community wealth and state wealth are stronger predictors of late entry than household wealth. Third, whether wealth has different effects on the probability of late school entry in different states and in different communities within states. Using the 2010 Nigeria Education Data Survey, and a three-level multilevel logit model, we show that a substantial proportion of the variation in late school entry is explained by community- and state-level factors. We further find that children living in specific communities in Nigeria may face a double disadvantage in terms of on-time school enrolment. In these communities, not only is there a large proportion of children entering school late, but also household wealth has strong effects on the probability that a child is sent to school on on time. These communities could be targeted for educational interventions aimed at promoting on-time school enrolment.     

国外包容性创新研究现状述评与未来展望

包容性创新是促进经济发展成果惠及社会大多数人的引擎,是实现经济、社会、生态可持续发展的重要手段。包容性创新与科学发展、和谐发展以及创新驱动发展一脉相承,因此,如何驱动包容性创新已成为创新研究的一个热点问题。在文献梳理的基础上,首先对包容性创新概念、内涵与特征进行界定,并归纳其与精英创新的不同;然后从商业模式、企业社会责任、战略管理、影响因素、影响作用等5个视角对现有的相关研究成果进行比较系统的评介;最后,在指出现有研究不足的基础上对未来研究进行展望。     

随机变系数线性结构关系EV模型的参数估计

利用随机加权正交回归最小二乘法给出了随机变系数线性结构关系EV模型中的参数估计。     

变化风场中无人机稳定控制系统的设计与仿真

针对变化风场尤其是大气紊流严重影响无人机飞行安全的问题,通过构建大气紊流数学模型并分析其对飞行的影响,为非线性无人机建立了六自由度模型,设计了一种模糊自整定PID控制器并进行了Matlab仿真。仿真结果表明,该控制器可提高无人机在变化风场中的稳定性和稳态精度。     

Making It Fit: Reshaping Library Services and Spaces for Today's Students

University course assignments increasingly focus on group work and group projects to help students collaboratively discover more about their fields of study. The Thomas G. Carpenter Library realized the need to investigate means for reimagining itself to better accommodate today's researchers. The complex process of planning for the redesign of both services and space undertaken by the library is described and explained in this first of a planned series of articles.     

Systematic Dynamic Effects in Multiple Impact Pairs and Distributed Factors

In this paper in general the dynamic effects are considered and described, caused by different stand-ing waves in discrete and distributed systems with impacts and other strongly positional non-linear fac-tors, introduction of which in the models of me-chanical objects is dictated by the necessity to con-sider processes, accompanied with impacts of me-chanical subsystems of different nature.     

紫鹊界梯田旅游开发模式研究

湖南省新化县紫鹊界梯田具有2000多年历史,是南方稻作文化和苗瑶山地渔猎文化交融揉合的历史遗存。气势恢宏,景观奇特,文化内涵丰厚,有观赏、体验和教育等多方面的旅游价值。通过对紫鹊界梯田景区现状的考察,客观分析了紫鹊界梯田景区旅游发展的现状,并提出了紫鹊界梯田旅游开发的“增长极”、“点一轴”、“区域一体化”和“综合开发”等四种空间发展模式。     

基于职业能力的园林专业应用型人才培养模式探索

园林专业应用型人才培养,应以职业能力为导向,优化课程体系,服务北部湾经济发展,凸现地方院校办学特色,职业教育理念构建职业能力培养体系,设置职业能力模块化课程体系,实施应用性实践教学模式,构建综合能力评价体系,以此人才培养模式,培养符合社会需求的应用型人才。     

Estimation of a Nonlinear Intervention Phase Trajectory for Multiple-Baseline Design Data

A multilevel logistic model for estimating a nonlinear trajectory in a multiple-baseline design is introduced. The model is applied to data from a real multiple-baseline design study to demonstrate interpretation of relevant parameters. A simple change-in-levels (ΔLevels) model and a model involving a quadratic function (Quadratic) for the nonlinear intervention phase data were also estimated. In addition, a simulation study was conducted to assess Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation of the logistic model and compare its trajectory recovery with use of the ΔLevels and Quadratic models. While most of the logistic model's parameter values were recovered well, trajectory recovery was very reasonable using the simpler Quadratic model. Results are discussed along with recommendations for practitioners and directions for future research.     

Different Argentine Rural Extensionists' Mindsets and Their Practical Implications

Purpose: This paper reflects upon the practice of Argentine rural extensionists working in the extension public system through the process of identifying different rural extensionists' types of mindsets and comparing them with transfer of technology extension approach, dialogical processes of horizontal knowledge exchange, participatory perspectives and innovation system approach.

Design/Methodology/approach: A quali-quantitative investigation was conducted. Surveys containing closed and open questions were sent via email to rural extensionists. This allowed the researcher to identify their beliefs about different issues connected to extension practice. The sample was incidental (n = 219; 143 men, 76 women). Qualitative data was categorized and quantified. Finally, a two-steps cluster analysis was implemented.

Findings: Two types of rural extensionists' mindsets were identified, one of which relates to the transfer of technology approach and other to the dialogical/horizontal model, yet neither of them fitting the ideal of the most important extension institution of the country, which supports an innovation system approach.

Practical implications: Extensionists' practices and institutional ideals do not coincide. Reflexive training processes are required to make beliefs about rural extension explicit in order to build a contextually suitable extension proposal. Originality/Value: Through a quali-quantitative approach to the issue of rural extensionists' mindsets, this paper contributes to a better understanding of Argentine rural extensionists' practices.