中国传统文艺鉴赏理论范畴研究论评

近年来学术界关于中国传统文艺鉴赏理论的研究,从总体上看,带有仓促应对的色彩,存在不少弊端。要深化这一研究,最好是选择范畴体系的梳理作为突破口。这既由范畴本身在学科中的地位所决定的,也是由中国传统文艺鉴赏理论的独特表现形式所决定的。但是,在当前情况下,对中国传统文艺鉴赏理论进行范畴体系的梳理确实还存在不少困难。为此,研究者必须树立整体观念、历史观念、核心观念与现代观念。     

谈少林寺档案的组成及其历史文化地位(上)

少林寺档案文献具有极其重要的历史文化价值,但此前的相关研究较为缺乏.笔者在这里就其组成及在世界范围内的历史文化地位进行初步探讨,得出少林寺档案具有独一无二的历史文化价值这一结论,并从目前的少林寺档案馆建设这一实际问题出发,提出建设以少林寺档案文献馆为核心的"少林五馆"的建议,提升少林寺的文化影响力,使少林寺档案足以傲立...     

Whiteboards,Blanket Forts,and Autonomy: Using Self-Determination Theory to Improve Library De-Stress Programming

In recent years, librarians at Valparaiso University have adopted a user-centered programming model, allowing students to choose their own library de-stress programs during finals. After several semesters of using this approach, the authors sought to examine whether students felt a sense of agency in suggesting and voting on programs and whether this agency affected students’ motivation to attend de-stress programs. The authors conducted two focus groups with undergraduate students. Results suggest that most students are more interested in attending programs that they personally suggested or voted for, deriving intrinsic rewards from the autonomy of having their voices heard.     

科技资源共享支撑体系的系统论探析

作为战略性资源的科技资源日益成为提高自主创新能力的基础条件和有力支撑,而优化科技资源配置的重要途径之一是实现科技资源共享,构建科技资源共享的支撑体系更是科技资源共享这一复杂系统工程的重要内容。本文从系统论的角度对科技资源进行了界定,构建了科技资源共享的政府、网络、资金和人才支撑体系框架,并以国家科技基础条件平台建设为例对科技资源共享支撑体系所具有的整体性、层次性、目的性和开放性系统特征进行分析。     

北美情报学理论近20年研究进展

采用系统综述方法对获取的69篇北美情报学理论文献进行开放式编码和进一步的逻辑分析,系统地概括北美情报学理论近20年的研究现状和最新进展。研究表明：①北美情报学理论的研究由相互关联的7个维度构成,这些维度是情报学的基本概念、跨学科理论的引入、情报学哲学理论、情报学研究领域、情报学理论框架、情报学发展、情报学学科特征。②北美情报学理论的优点是理论体系完善、多元性哲学理论共存和研究方法存在思辨与实证相结合。③北美情报学理论的局限性在于多元哲学理论间缺乏整体性分析、持续性研究欠缺和理论框架主题成果不多。     

Two decades of suspect evidence for adaptive molecular evolution—negative selection confounding positive-selection signals

There has been a large literature in the last two decades affirming adaptive DNA sequence evolution between species. The main lines of evidence are from (i) the McDonald-Kreitman (MK) test, which compares divergence and polymorphism data, and (ii) the phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) test, which analyzes multispecies divergence data. Here, we apply these two tests concurrently to genomic data of Drosophila and Arabidopsis. To our surprise, the >100 genes identified by the two tests do not overlap beyond random expectation. Because the non-concordance could be due to low powers leading to high false negatives, we merge every 20–30 genes into a ‘supergene’. At the supergene level, the power of detection is large but the calls still do not overlap. We rule out methodological reasons for the non-concordance. In particular, extensive simulations fail to find scenarios whereby positive selection can only be detected by either MK or PAML, but not both. Since molecular evolution is governed by positive and negative selection concurrently, a fundamental assumption for estimating one of these (say, positive selection) is that the other is constant. However, in a broad survey of primates, birds, Drosophila and Arabidopsis, we found that negative selection rarely stays constant for long in evolution. As a consequence, the variation in negative selection is often misconstrued as a signal of positive selection. In conclusion, MK, PAML and any method that examines genomic sequence evolution has to explicitly address the variation in negative selection before estimating positive selection. In a companion study, we propose a possible path forward in two stages—first, by mapping out the changes in negative selection and then using this map to estimate positive selection. For now, the large literature on positive selection between species has to await reassessment.     

论教育语境中的正义

本文旨在探讨教育语境中的正义具有什么内涵,以及是否存在一种被证实的关于正义的教育概念。本文并不主张建立一种积极的教育正义概念,而是主张避免把教育当做服务于教育之外的正义规范的工具。因此,本文重点分析了教育中的不正义,并将其在教育系统的不同层面上进行了归类,从而形成了一种有关教育语境中的不正义的教育现象学,这也就是教育现实得以改善的起点。文章最后指出了克服这些不正义的途径。     

和谐社会理念下新型价值观教育

党的十六届六中全会将社会和谐作为中国特色社会主义的本质属性,我国各方面的工作都将围绕建设和谐社会而展开,这为高校思想政治教育赋予了新的内涵。在深入分析和谐社会基本内涵的基础上,对构建和谐社会所要求的新型价值观进行了探讨,进而指出在高等教育中培养学生树立新型价值观的有效途径。     

体育课程健廉价值论证

学生的健康发展是学校教育的首要宗旨,是培养完全意义上的合格人才的重要目的,体育课程的健康价值早已被公众所认识,从体育对学生的身体、心理、以及社会适应三个维度的影响对体育课程健康价值进行深入论证,探讨了体育课对学生的生理、心理、社会成长的积极促进作用。     

中华传统文化二三论

中华传统文化中道德融合、真情感召的功能与人类的基本诉求吻合。使得它具有了无与伦比的凝聚力,成为不分肤色、不分信仰、不分语言的民族和平发展的向心力。今天道德融合仍具有和谐、安定的普世价值。