新时代教育评价改革主要原则解读--马克思主义价值哲学视角

事关教育发展方向和办学导向的教育评价坚持什么样的原则至关重要。从理论层次看,教育评价原则是连接价值哲学元理论和教育评价实践之间的桥梁。《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》用“五个坚持”表述了新时代教育评价改革的5条主要原则,这些原则以马克思主义价值哲学的基本原理作为理论依据,以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导思想,明确了新时代教育评价活动立德树人、为党育人、为国育才的根本目的,立足马克思主义关于价值本质的观点,从主客体及其关系层面体现了教育评价活动的客观性,彰显了教育评价活动多层多维的主体性,突出了教育评价坚持走中国特色社会主义教育发展道路的社会历史性。5条主要原则相辅相成,是马克思主义价值哲学在新时代教育评价活动中的生动实践。     

Year 3 student career choices: Exploring societal changes in constructions of masculinity and femininity in career choice justifications

This article reports on a survey of 332 Year 3 students from 14 Australian schools. We are interested in exploring Year 3 primary school student aspirations and what this data shows us about any societal changes, or not. This study is timely as it reports on contemporary data within an Australian educational context marked by significant investment in improving equitable gendered participation, particularly for girls entering STEM. Drawing on conceptions of masculinities and femininities as social constructions, we report on the participants’ desired occupations and explore their justifications for such choices. The top three occupations for boys included careers in professional sports, STEM-related jobs and policing/defence. Girls reported wanting to be teachers, veterinarians or to work in the arts as their top choices. As part of our exploration, we found issues of money and power—traditionally coded masculine—and conceptions of love and care—traditionally coded feminine—ingrained in boys’ and girls’ justifications for their desired trajectories. Findings are significant for illustrating how traditional constructions of gender are ingrained in career choices in the early years of primary school and how policy agendas to widen participation need to start early in life.     

鄱阳湖南矶湿地植物群落分布特征研究

湿地植物群落是湿地生态系统的重要组分,是湿地生态系统的主要初级生产者,维持和承载着湿地生态系统各种各样的物理过程和生物功能,其结构、功能和生态特征能综合反映湿地生态环境的基本特点和功能特性.湖泊湿地水位波动及其带来的环境梯度变化对湿地植物群落的影响是生态学中的重要问题之一.本研究通过2010年10月到2012年2月在鄱阳湖南矶湿地设置57个固定样方开展植物群落的高度、植物种类、数量,优势种高度及植物的物候学特征逐月观测,研究了鄱阳湖南矶湿地植物群落生长发育过程以及植物群落时空变化特征,并且对这些特征的可能形成原因以及其和鄱阳湖水位波动的关系等进行了探讨.结果认为,受鄱阳湖水位周期性波动和湿地植物自身特性等因素的影响,鄱阳湖南矶湿地植物群落生长、发育、繁殖等过程都与鄱阳湖水位波动密切相关;植物群落空间上沿距湖岸的远近、高程和水位梯度呈现出明显的环带状分布或弧状分布格局;时间上表现出明显的季相变化特征.     

Sociological Rob: How Rob Kling Brought Computing and Sociology Together

We examine practice theories concerned with knowledge sharing in complex organizations to distinguish common trends and variations in this complex body of work. We suggest that an analytical framework highlighting the relational thinking in practice theories can serve as a tool to sort through the literature on knowledge sharing. First, we delineate a relational framework consisting of seven attributes associated with a practice theory. Second, we use this framework to analyze a narrow set of practice theories represented by three seminal works on communities of practice. Third, we compare and contrast the relational dynamics found in the three seminal works in regard to how they conceptualize knowledge sharing within and across communal boundaries.     

Double codes: Community radio in Bolivia

Abstract

In this article, we report results of interviews conducted with 20 informants at 8 community radio stations across the major regions of Bolivia. We explore the activism and community practices that have energized Bolivian community radio stations over a sustained period. We are in particular interested in the bottom-up networking by these community stations to interlink with each other. These networks actualize the goals of horizontal and participatory communication called for by Latin American theorists. We seek to learn from these endeavors and also contribute to their continued flourishing by analyzing potential threats to them.     

Coping with Illness Online: The Case of Patients'Online Communities

This article identifies and analyzes characteristics of patients' online communities (POC) in Sweden. Using a qualitative approach, it presents a fine-grained picture of the communities covering both the structural and cultural factors. Acknowledging the debate about quality of health information online and the potential risks of e-health, the article argues that a deeper understanding of the dynamics of POC, which offer unique aides for the coping process of chronically ill patients, can contribute to the design of the emergent forms of Internet-based health care resources.     

Evolution of Open Source Networks in Industry

The open source software movement has become a threat to corporate software development. In response, companies started to develop products and services related to open source software. Subsequently, they also tried to come to terms with the processes that are characteristic of open source software development. This article examines the efforts made by companies to use open source principles and practices for corporate purposes. The study shows that over time the open source-inspired networks developed by these companies gradually come to resemble classical corporate networks.     

Regional HIV/AIDS Information Environments and Information Acquisition Success

Although health information is widely available, information acquisition patterns may vary according to where one lives. Using Lievrouw's (2001) information environments (IE) theory, this mixed methods study compares three regional HIV/AIDS information environments in rural Canada. In accordance with IE theory, findings showed regional variation in institutional aspects of HIV/AIDS information environments: health institution service models; resource munificence and technology use; and some measures of social engagement and source availability. Differences were also present in the personal/relational aspects of environments: information network characteristics and levels of interpersonal interaction. However, in divergence from IE theory, regional success rates for answering HIV/AIDS-related questions were similar (86.26–89.34 percent). Furthermore, individual-level factors were more important than network position in predicting participants’ success rates. Yet, in line with IE theory, there were regional differences in the barriers that people affected by HIV/AIDS faced when seeking answers to their questions. These unaddressed barriers suggest that further development of IE theory requires incorporation of institutional capacity: provider knowledge, responsiveness, and service availability.     

从《礼记》中看“德”对设计的重要性

设计师的＂德＂对设计活动的进行有重要影响。诚然,设计理论在其所涉及的领域被广泛应用,丰富和提高了设计活动的工作效率,为设计创意活动提供了有力支持,但是归根结底它只是设计结果的一种手段和工具,对于设计师的＂德＂,没有在设计上表现出来。如何使设计师的＂德＂对设计产生更好的影响是艺术需要关注的重要课题。现在,设计在满足以往以形态和色彩为重点的设计要求的同时,设计师的＂德＂对设计的影响越来越得到人们的关注。本课题是从《礼记》中看＂德＂对设计的重要性的研究。     

The Capriciousness of Play: Collingwood’s Insight

This paper argues that human psychological resilience is a central virtue in sport and in human life generally. Despite its importance, it is an overlooked virtue in philosophy of sport and classical and contemporary virtue theory. The phenomenon of human resilience has received a great deal of attention recently in other quarters, however. There is a large and instructive empirical psychological literature on resilience, but connections to virtue theory are rarely drawn and there is no agreement about what the concept refers to. This paper attempts to clarify the concept of resilience and explain how it fits into and supports a traditional Aristotelian conception of virtue. It shows how resilience figures centrally in sport and can extend and enrich our understanding of virtue and success in sport and of sport's internal values. The investigations into the nature of resilience in sport can also help us to understand better sport's contributions to human culture and well-being.