Reliability and Validity of the PLAYfun Tool with Children and Youth in Northern Canada

The reliability and validity of the PLAYfun and PLAYbasic tools were assessed. The PLAYfun, PLAYbasic, Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment (CAMSA) obstacle course, and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) were administered to children (aged 8–14 years) in two remote Canadian communities. Inter-rater reliability of the PLAYfun and PLAYbasic were good-to-excellent for average measures and moderate-to-good for single measures. The PLAYfun subscales were poor-to-excellent for average and single measures. The internal consistency of the PLAYfun tool was good, PLAYbasic was poor-to-good, and the individual subscales were poor-to-good. Convergent validity was moderate-to-large for the PLAY tools and CAMSA obstacle course, and small-to-moderate for the PLAY tools and the PAQ-C, and small-to-moderate for the PLAY tools and age. For children and youth in northern Canada, the motor competence aspect of physical literacy is most accurately assessed using the complete PLAYfun tool and two raters.     

人口老龄化背景下的社区宜老性研究——以南京市4个社区为例

在人口老龄化程度不断加深的背景下,社区的宜老性受到国内外的广泛关注。梳理宜老性社区的理论内涵和研究进展,借鉴马斯洛需求层次理论构建宜老性社区评价指标体系,以社会撤离理论为指导对老年人需求状况进行调查。选取南京市4个典型社区进行宜老性水平评价研究。研究表明,社区的宜老性水平受地理区位、建造年代和社区类型等因素影响。在地理区位上,越临近市中心,社区的宜老性水平越高;在建造年代上,新近建造的社区宜老性水平高于老旧社区;在社区类型上,高档商业社区的宜老性水平较高,而拆迁安置社区的宜老性水平较低。随着年龄的增长,老年群体的活动越来越集中在社区空间,对社区老年设施的依赖度上升。为适应日益深化的老龄化趋势,未来需在社区宜老性水平现状的基础上,充分考虑老龄群体的意愿。从老年人的行为偏好和情感需求出发,切实提高社区的宜老性水平。     

山东省城市社区公共体育服务供给现状与改进策略

运用调查法和文献法,基于经统计学处理后调查数据,从体育设施、信息、组织、指导等方面对山东省城市社区公共体育服务的供给状况进行分析并提出改进策略。山东省城市社区体育场地建设的投资已出现多元化趋势;在抽样社区中都建有以室内乒乓球室、室外篮球场和健身路径为主的体育场地;由政府支持基层社区组织和体育部门在社区体育组织的组建中发挥了重要的作用,但社区委员会组织体育活动的频率偏低,进行体育健身宣传强度不够,难以形成促进社区居民参加体育健身活动的舆论氛围;拥有社会体育指导员的社区比例偏低,社会体育指导员自身的服务能力也有待于提高;政府部门对社区公共体育服务的投入不足,经费匮乏。改进供给现状须从两个方面着手,一是促进服务社会化,形成产业化;二是发展体育社团,强化多中心竞争机制。     

Dynamic Nature of Boundaries of Speech Communities: Learning and Negotiating Codes in Intercultural Communication

Using the ethnography of communication and speech codes theory, this study aims to capture instances in which individuals’ views of appropriate conduct and cultural boundaries are undergoing change in intercultural interactions. The paper proposes a way of describing such instances by illustrating Japanese speakers’ experiences of encountering unfamiliar codes in problematic situations with English speakers in the United States, recognizing boundaries, negotiating contrasting codes, and revising their perceptions of codes and boundaries as a result of engaging in remedial episodes. The study illuminates the dynamic nature of the boundaries of speech communities and adds an ethnographic exploration of intercultural communication.     

弘扬武德促进武术发展

武德是武术文化的核心内容之一,承载着武术文化的内涵,体现着武术文化的核心价值。武术的发展,一方面表现在武术自身内部结构体系(技术、理论)的发展与完善上,另一方面表现在武术向外的传播与推广以及传播与推广过程中对人、对社会的影响上。弘扬武德,是武术自身发展的内在要求,同时是武术向外传播与推广的要求。     

论大学生武德教育与和谐社会的构建

文章运用文献资料研究方法,分析了大学生武德教育的意义和武德教育存在的问题及解决措施,阐明了武德教育对构建和谐社会的重要性,并对武德教育与社会主义和谐社会建设之间的关系进行了论述,以便更好地促进社会主义和谐社会的建设。     

从侠与儒的视角解读武德之“信”、“义”、“勇”及现代反思

文章以费孝通教授的文化层次分法作为理论依据,由此确立了对本文展开论述的明暗两条线索：明线索——侠的实体是英雄与魔鬼相结合的矛盾统一体,侠的精神则呈现了正负两方面的影响;暗线索——侠与儒的道德观的核心区别在行为的判断标准的确立上。并围绕明暗两线索展开论述,习武者在儒和侠的双重熏陶下必然形成异于常人的复杂的性格和心理特征。文章重点从“信”、“义”、“勇”三个方面把侠与儒的道德理念进行比较分析,并从武德中验证侠的精神对习武者的影响。     

对体育院校参与社区体育服务的思考

分析了当前社区体育中场地设施较差,体育人才缺乏等存在的问题。认为体育院校参与社区体育服务,拥有雄厚的硬件基础、人才资源和技术优势,并可为体育院校树立良好的社会形象,促进专业建设,提高学生的整体素质。有利于体育院校的自身发展。     

Moral Economies in Science: From Ideal to Pragmatic

In the following pages we discuss three historical cases of moral economies in science: Drosophila genetics, late twentieth century American astronomy, and collaborations between American drug companies and medical scientists in the interwar years. An examination of the most striking differences and similarities between these examples, and the conflicts internal to them, reveals constitutive features of moral economies, and the ways in which they are formed, negotiated, and altered. We critically evaluate these three examples through the filters of rational choice, utility, and American pragmatism, using the latter to support the conclusion that there is no single vision of moral economies in science and no single theory—moral, political, social—that will explain them. These filters may not be the only means through which to evaluate the moral economies examined, but aspects of each appear prominent in all three cases. In addition, explanations for decisions are often given in the language of these theories, both at the macro (policy) level and at the local level of the moral economies we discuss. In light of such factors, the use of these frameworks seems justified. We begin with an attempt to define the nature of moral economies, then move to a consideration of scientific communities as moral communities operating within material and other constraints which we relate to wider questions of political economy and societal accountabilities.

我国城市社区实施全民健身计划纲要评价指标

城市社区体育是当前及今后我国社会体育的热点。本文在掌握国内当前城市社区全民健身开展的实际和现状评价的基础上 ,根据有关文件精神 ,结合我国各地经济发展水平的不同状况 ,研究制定出我国城市社区实施《全民健身计划纲要》评价指标 ,并力求使评价指标体现滚动发展 ,科学量化的态势 ,真正对《纲要》的实施起到推动、督促、考核及评比的积极作用。