Focussing the Teacher's Gaze: Primary teachers reconstructing assessment in self managing schools

As a result of the changes to school administration and curriculum in New Zealand over the last ten years, primary teachers have had to make significant changes to their assessment practices. This paper briefly reviews literature relating to the competing discourses of assessment that underpin teachers' practices and describes how the changes to New Zealand education have provoked a reconsideration of the balance between formative and summative assessment. It then reports findings from a qualitative investigation into how some primary teachers have attempted to accommodate these competing discourses and the effects these have had on their teaching practice. These results are discussed in light of the research literature and suggestions for changing national and school policies and practices to prioritise assessment for better learning over accountability conclude the paper. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mandatory notification training for suspected child abuse and neglect in South Australian schools

OBJECTIVE: The present study provides the first empirical investigation of the South Australian Education Department Mandated Notification Training program. This program, which has been available since 1989, was developed to prepare educators and other mandated reporters to fulfill their reporting obligations for suspected child abuse and neglect. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether Mandated Notification Training achieved its stated aims. METHOD: A three-sample independent groups design was used. A survey was responded to by 41 teachers and school personnel who had recently completed training, 31 people who had not completed training, and 73 people who had completed training some years previously. RESULTS: The training program increased participants' confidence in their ability to recognize the indicators of abuse, their awareness of their reporting responsibilities, their knowledge of what constitutes reasonable grounds for reporting, and of how to respond appropriately to a child's disclosure of abuse. Training also increased participants' acceptance of the incidence and seriousness of child abuse. CONCLUSIONS: The South Australian Education Department Mandated Notification Training is successful in achieving its stated aims. For some teachers, there is clearly a mismatch between the level of evidence required by law for reporting to occur and the level teachers expect to satisfy their own personal need for confidence in initiating the serious step of a child abuse report. This mismatch remains after training and probably contributes to the significant occurrence of nonreporting or discretionary reporting reported in the literature.     

浅析“报告小说”及其“典型化手法”

“报告小说”是近十几年以来文坛上出现的一个文学新品种。正因为新 ,有关它的性质、特点、创作方法等尚待人们进一步研究。本文就报告小说的性质和特点以及创作中使用的“典型化”手法作了简要的阐述 ,供研究者们参考     

Assessment reform in Hong Kong: developing the HKDSE to align with the new academic structure

ABSTRACT

In alignment with the New Academic Structure, the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE) was launched in 2012 to replace the former Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examination (HKCEE) as certification for completion of secondary education, and the Hong Kong Advanced Level Examination (HKALE) as the main credentials for university admission in Hong Kong. Standards-referenced reporting is adopted for the HKDSE with the objective of reporting candidates’ results against a set of prescribed levels of achievement based on typical performances at those levels. Clearly defined standards facilitate learning and teaching as well as enable users of the qualification, including tertiary institutions and employers, to set appropriate entrance/job requirements. The standards are set and maintained by expert judgement supported by psychometric data to ensure fairness and consistency of standards across subjects and across cohorts. Systemic and implementation issues and their resolutions are discussed in the context of the education reform in Hong Kong.     

现场报道是电视社会新闻报道的重要手段

电视社会新闻报道是电视新闻节目的重要形式之一。实践证明电视现场报道是改进电视社会新闻报道的一种有效的、主要的手段。现场报道分为完全性现场报道和不完全性现场报道,有着独特的报道特点。     

Rasch模型及其在香港中学会考水平参照等级评定中的应用

由2007年开始,香港中学会考中国语文科及英国语文科采用了水平参照模式(standards-referenced reporting)对考生的成绩进行等级评定。在分数处理过程中,采用了含结构参数的Rasch模型。本文介绍了该模型及其一些主要性质,导出了联合极大似然估计(Joint Maximum Likelihood Estimation)的求解方程,并报告了应用该模型于香港中学会考水平参照等级评定中的主要结果。     

浅议信息化条件下战时新闻制度作用及其影响因素

新闻媒体在近几场信息化战争中发挥出前所未有的作用后,众多国家对规范战时新闻媒体行为的战时新闻制度研究趋之若鹜。文章从战时新闻制度的定义入手,着重论述了战时新闻制度在争取国际舆论支持、维护国家利益、规范新闻媒体行为等方面的主要作用,以及信息化条件下影响我军战时新闻制度的主要因素。     

先秦献捷礼源流考辨

先秦献捷礼是中国古代的一种军礼,它特指诸侯国对蛮夷戎狄用兵胜利后向天子告捷的军事活动,主要包括振旅、献恺乐、告祭、献俘授馘、饮至、大赏六项内容。从文化渊源上看,献捷礼源于四时猎狩活动中的献禽之礼。南北朝以后,出现了飞表和露布献捷的新形式,同时,也出现了因镇压农民起义成功而举行献捷礼的新现象。献捷礼的变化,反映了中国社会政治生活的剧烈变迁。     

《体坛周报》在伦敦奥运会报道中的突破与创新——基于媒介融合背景下的探析

面对媒介融合趋势的影响,专业体育媒体如何应对一直是学界和业界研究的重点课题。文章以《体坛周报》2012年伦敦奥运会报道作为研究对象,综合运用文献研究、分析和数理统计等研究方法,重点总结其在报道过程中表现出的突破与创新,以及由此对其他专业体育报发展所带来的启示,探索专业体育报在媒介融合环境下如何进行大型体育赛事报道的崭新的思考维度。     

从国际均衡到自我凸显:现实建构主义视域下我国主流媒体“双奥”报道框架的转向

奥运会是国际性的媒介议题,同时也是中国构建传播主体意识、促进国际话语新秩序建立的标志性新闻议题。采用现实建构主义的理论视角和框架分析中的“诠释包裹”研究路径,对比分析《中国日报》对于相隔14年的2008年北京奥运会与2022年北京冬奥会的报道框架。发现两届奥运会在报道框架上相同,但在框架的建构上却存在巨大差异。基于现实建构主义理论分析其原因,发现影响两届奥运会报道框架建构的主要因素为:(1)从全球化融入过程中凸显国际视野到后疫情时代强调本国视角;(2)从媒介霸权主义下的回应澄清到自信意识形态下的主动建构;(3)从首次办奥背景下关注竞技夺金到国家实力持续增强下重视运动参与。并得出结论,对比2008年北京夏季奥运会,在2022年北京冬奥会报道上,中国媒体在奥运传播的主体构建过程中迈出了重要的一步;同时,奥运国际传播始终根植于现实情境下国家之间的利益博弈关系。