Sexual consent in K–12 sex education: an analysis of current health education standards in the United States

In the USA, universities have recently developed policies and programmes on sexual consent education. But waiting until students enroll in higher education may be too late to begin this work. To examine the extent that K–12 health education standards promote sexual consent education, we conducted a pilot study and found that only two of eighteen states explicitly mentioned sexual consent in their health education standards. Using a small sample (n = 4 states), we then identified four themes as making implicit reference to sexual consent: communication skills, decision making, personal space and interpersonal relationships. Finally, in a robust sample (n = 18 states), we conducted a content analysis of published standards regarding these themes related to sexual consent. Our analysis suggests that sexual consent is likely not discussed in sex education at K–12 schools. We recommend the more explicit inclusion of sexual consent in health education curricula via the identified themes that already exist in most or all standards, emphasising the importance of teaching young people about the nuances of sexual consent and its communication before they become sexually active.     

英国高校科研评估的特点及启示

英国从1986年开始实行高校科研评估,四到五年进行一次,已经在1986、1989、1992、1996和2001年进行了5次,即将进行第6次评估。英国的高校科研评估从研究成果、研究环境、受同行尊重方面对高校的科研水平进行评估,评估结果与拨款直接挂钩。高校科研评估对英国高等教育发展产生了很大影响,既有正面的也有负面的。通过对英国高校科研评估提出的背景、内容、过程、指标和标准等方面进行较为全面的分析,研究揭示了英国高校科研评估的优缺点,以及对我国开展高校科研评估的借鉴意义.     

视网膜色素上皮DNA蓝光损伤及维生素E的保护作用

目的：探讨维生素E对视网膜色素上皮DNA蓝光损伤的保护作用。方法：视网膜色素上皮细胞分为3组：正常组（不照光），实验组（蓝光照射40min），维生素E组（蓝光照射同时给予维生素E）。采用火箭电泳的方法对各组视网膜色素上皮DNA损伤进行分析。结果：各组火箭电泳尾部DNA含量分别为18．44％，54．42％和22．16％。各组差异有显著性意义（P＜0．01）。结论：蓝光能对视网膜色素上皮的DNA产生损伤，维生素E对损伤能起到一定的保护作用。     

维生素K3合成工艺研究

采用新的氧化体系－过氧乙酸氧化2－甲基萘成－2－甲基－1，4－萘醌，得率为40．7％，考察了各种因素对反应的影响，得到了较佳合成条件，该法具有无环境污染，技术简单，合成时间短，辅料回收等优点。     

数据挖掘在生物特征识别中的应用研究

对生物特征识别技术进行了概述，并介绍了数据挖掘的含义和主要功能，在此基础上，对数据挖掘在生物特征识别技术中的主要方法和关键问题进行了阐述，提出基于数据挖掘的生物识别设计流程。     

Folin B光度法测定动物组织中的维生素C

报道一种测定动物组织中维生素C的新方法。利用FolinB试剂氧化维生素C可以得到在光谱760nm处特征吸收的产物，其测定维生素C的线形范围为3．3－46．7μg/mL，平均标准回收率为103．0％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为1．5％（n=7)。本方法能有效灵敏测定生物组织中的维生素C。     

Cantor K分集性质

将Cantor集的构造方法推广，得Cantor任意K（K≥3）分集；证明Cantor K分集也具有Cantor集的一般性质。     

Rituale im Grundschulalter: Performativität,Mimesis und Interkulturalität

Rituals in Primary School Age – Performativity, mimesis and interculturality. Rituals and ritualization play a central role in the upbringing, education and socialization of children at primary school age. They structure children’s lives and support their integration into the social order in a constructive manner. Rituals shape transitions between fields of socialization and institutions, and facilitate social learning, which is important both in lessons and more generally at school. Due to their performativity, pedagogic processes act just like rituals and ritualization in all fields of social action. How children stage (or perform) their behaviour and actions, whether alone or together with adults, can be seen as the performativity of actions. Important aspects of cultural learning at primary school age occur as mimetic processes. In this, pictures, schemes, the expectations of others, of social situations, occurrences and actions are incorporated into an individual’s “world” of mental pictures. This practical knowledge enables children to learn and act together, to live and to exist. In view of Globalization and Europeanization, upbringing and education have become an intercultural task, for which rituals, ritualization, pedagogic and social gestures, the performativity of social practices and mimetic forms of learning play an important role. Ethnography and qualitative methods are appropriate for investigating rituals and ritualization, the performativity of pedagogic practices, of mimetic processes and intercultural education processes. Amongst the most important methods, which are complementary and, where possible, should be combined, are participative observation, video-supported observation, video performance and photograph analysis, interviews and group discussions. With the help of this method-mix, attempts can be made to capture complex and methodologically transparent research results.     

刺五加多糖对人白血病K562细胞作用的研究

目的:研究刺五加多糖对体外培养人白血病K562细胞有无增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用。方法:取培养至对数生长期的K562细胞(密度为5×104/mL和1×106/mL)分别接种于96孔培养板(100μL/孔)及50mL培养瓶(1.5mL/瓶)中,加入不同浓度的刺五加多糖作用24h后,用CCK-8法检测刺五加多糖对K562细胞增殖抑制作用;荧光显微镜检测细胞凋亡。结果:不同浓度刺五加多糖(0.405、0.810、1.620、2.430、3.240mg/mL)作用K562细胞24 h,抑制率分别为16%、27%、48%、50%、55%;荧光显微镜下观察发现培养K562细胞中出现核固缩、凋亡小体。结论:刺五加多糖对体外培养K562细胞生长有明显的抑制作用,可诱导K562细胞凋亡。