Harsh corporal punishment of Yemeni children: occurrence, type and associations

OBJECTIVE: To examine the occurrence, type and associations of harsh corporal punishment in Yemen. METHODS: Caregiver and teacher reports were obtained on 1,196 Yemeni 7-10-year olds obtained by systematic random sampling of children in the 1st to 4th grades of urban and rural schools. Caregivers (86% mothers) reported on disciplinary practices, socio-familial background, and child psychopathology. Teachers reported on school performance and child psychopathology. RESULTS: More than half of the rural caregivers and about a quarter of the urban caregivers reported using harsh corporal punishment (hitting children with implements, tying them up, pinching them, or biting them). Harsh corporal punishment was significantly associated with poor school performance and both behavioral and emotional difficulties. The socio-familial factors that were independently associated with harsh corporal punishment were: rural area, male gender of the child, low maternal education, and large family size. CONCLUSION: Harsh corporal punishment is very common in Yemen. International findings suggest that the association with school failure and psychological maladjustment may well be causal. Promoting parental use of effective and non-violent disciplinary methods should be a public health priority. Practice implications: Yemen urgently needs to develop and evaluate programs that teach parents how to use culturally appropriate rewards and non-abusive sanctions to shape children's behavior without stunting their academic and emotional development. Persuading parents to adopt such approaches may need programs that focus not just on techniques but also on attitudes, e.g. challenging the commonly held belief that children will not develop properly unless they are beaten when they do wrong.     

从合作原则角度浅析《傲慢与偏见》中的人物性格

格莱斯（Grice）的合作原则是语用学中的一个重要理论,对文学鉴赏有极大帮助。本文借助该理论来分析小说的语言特色进而阐述人物性格。     

Film Adaptations of British Literature

Recent years,both BBC and Hollywoodare interested in making films related to the classic masterpieces.From classic book to popular movie,film adaptations give a new life to the British literature.Different adaptations of classics can act as an indicator of diverse film-making philosophies,which vividly present some of the cultural and social differences between Britain and America.     

从话语分析视角探究《傲慢与偏见》中的人物性格

人与人之间的交流多是由会话来实现的,会话不仅可以表达说话人想要表达的内容,更可以对人物的性格进行突写。语用学中的话语分析包括了话轮转换和相邻对两个内容,通过话语分析来理解《傲慢与偏见》中的会话,可以更好地了解各类人物的性格。