Rescuing our neglected heritage: The evolution of the Government's policy on portable antiquities in England and Wales

This paper looks at the evolution of a new approach to an old problem—that of protecting the heritage of moveable archaeological objects—‘portable antiquities’—in England and Wales. It sets out a brief history of attempts to bring forward legislation to protect such finds, charts the rise of metal detecting as an activity and describes the successful process of changing government policy through the Treasure Act 1996. This led to the Portable Antiquities Scheme which has now received full government funding. The paper looks at how this was achieved through the development of what has been described as the largest community archaeology project in the country, which is starting to change public attitudes towards objects from the past. These two initiatives have in fact started to lead to a change in public attitude towards material from the past.     

拉曼光谱在考古研究中的应用

拉曼光谱技术是一种非弹性光散射分析技术,由于它与物质的分子振动、转动能级有关。可以鉴别各种物质的种类和特性,适用于考古文物的分析．目前拉曼光谱作为无损的分析方法,已经广泛应用于考古研究中．本文综述了近几年拉曼光谱在青铜器、颜料、古玉、古陶器等考古研究中的应用,并对其在该领域的发展前景作了进一步的展望．     

敦煌本回鹘文《阿毗达磨俱舍论实义疏》研究

敦煌出土回鹘文《阿毗达磨俱舍论实义疏(Abhidharma-kos′a-bhāsya-tikā Tattvārtha-nāma)》是现存回鹘文献中篇幅最大、保存最完好的写本之一,原件藏于大英图书馆,编号为Or.8212/75A-B。从回鹘文题记看,该写本的抄写时代应是元末。但值得注意的是,写本末尾出现有蒙古文题记,称"大清朝光绪三十年(1904)十月初一"。这一题记表明,在该写本入敦煌莫高窟藏经洞(敦煌研究院编号第17窟)之前,原藏于伯希和编元代181窟(敦煌研究院编号第464窟),甚或已流落民间,再经蒙古人之手留下了"光绪三十年"的蒙古文题记。后由王道士将其移到藏经洞中,再为斯坦因于1907年获得。这一史实为藏经洞晚期文献来源问题的研究提供了重要例证。     

广西资源县晓锦遗址第二期出土古稻研究

用欧氏距离比较、粒型判别函数等方法,对广西资源晓锦遗址第二期出土的154粒完整炭化稻米,经过复原为新鲜稻谷后,通过综合分析认为:晓锦二期古稻属于倾粳稻类型的栽培古稻群。在判别函数和距离测定数据指标上都属于粳稻类型。在形态上最近于粳稻,与普通野稻最远,表明己是栽培稻。该群古稻与参照系差别较大,粒型大而重。     

Innovation in lighting for enhancing the appreciation and preservation of archaeological heritage

The cultural content of ancient sites highlights the importance of light, which is an essential tool for the correct appreciation of the historical value and memory of cultural heritage. This should be a new way to highlight significance of fragments in compliance of the surrounding, which has not the same characteristics, to signal a visual path, creating itineraries that involve the context. Light plays a very important role in creating emotion, suggestion, evocation and supporting the visitor experience. Innovative technological solutions should be designed taking into account the kind of landscape and morphological characteristics of the site. This paper presents the study of a sample of Italian and international case studies, seen in their historical, archaeological and museological aspects. The emphasis is on what should be the most effective lighting system for the monumental sites, one respecting the ruins and the authenticity of the site, while at the same time bringing out their architectural, historical and symbolic significance.     

The dinosaur from 600 BCE! Interpreting the dragon of Babylon,from archaeological excavation into fringe science

In 1918, German archaeologist Robert Koldewey, excavator of Babylon, Iraq, observed that the depiction of the fantastical “dragon of Babylon” on the sixth century BCE Ishtar Gate must reference a real animal whose closest relatives would be dinosaurs like the iguanodon. Though ignored within archaeology, Koldewey’s comments were taken up in German-American popular science writer Willy Ley’s “romantic zoology” (1941), then by Bernard Heuvelmans (1955), founding figure in the fringe field of cryptozoology. Their interpretations would ultimately inspire expeditions by the International Society of Cryptozoologists in Central Africa to find the Mokele-Mbembe, a “living dinosaur,” and migrate into Young Earth Creationist and ancient aliens theories. An analysis of Koldewey’s marginal academic observation serves as a means of considering the process of knowledge formation and canonization and the unpredictable life of scholarly ideas.     

福柯《知识考古学》及其批评--一个马克思主义的视角

福柯是20世纪伟大的哲学家，《知识考古学》是其重要著作。在《知识考古学》中，他用其考古学分析对话语进行了独特的解释和阐明，为后现代主义和哲学界提供了一种新的视角。因此，用马克思主义哲学来对其进行严肃认真的批评，具有十分重要的意义。