当代体育教学模式的发展趋势

随着体育教学改革的不断深入，教学模式的研究也异常活跃起来。本对当前各种体育教学模式的特点进行了论述，并对今后体育教学模式的发展方向进行了探讨。     

奥林匹克运动的发展趋势

奥林匹克运动是人类社会进入工业文明后开始的一项伟大的社会实践，研究这一运动未来的发展趋势，对全面了解奥林匹克运动有重要意义。主要采用文献资料研究法，研究结果表明：21世纪，奥林匹克运动将在全球范围内均衡发展；将在世界和平事业中发挥更重要的作用；奥运会更有魅力；妇女获得真正的平等；东方文化将为奥林匹克运动增光添彩；高科技将更多地介入奥运会，同时，兴奋剂与反兴奋剂的斗争将更加激烈；奥林匹克运动在新的世纪里将继续为人类的发展作出更大的贡献。     

窒息新生儿的行为神经测定

目的：探讨新生儿行为神经测定（NBNA）对足月窒息新生儿评定的临床意义。方法：对62例足月窒息新生儿7d．14d行NBNA评分测定。分析其在轻重度窒息儿及窒息时间长短不同病情中的变化。结果：NBNA评分在窒息新生儿中均下降，并与窒息程度呈相关。结论：NBNA评分有助于判断窒息新生儿的病情并估计预后。     

行为数据分析与入侵检测系统

入侵检测技术已成为计算机和网络安全系统中的重要组成部分，作为其核心的分析引擎部分，在解决局部环境中传统入侵检测技术的快速检测和分析问题，以及大规模主干网络的检测和分析问题时，行为数据分析方法的应用，将较大地提升入侵检测系统的性能。     

论心理实验法的困境与出路

心理实验法的困境在于滞后的自然科学观，本文从后现代主义的科学哲学观惫和实在科学论角度重新审视科学观，并据此阐述了心理学研究方法的多元化倾向，其中质的研究方法是一种重要的倾向，质的研究核心是文化性，整合和融合自然科学和人文科学方法论。     

Newsvendor Game: A Behavioral Exercise in Decision Making under Risk

The newsvendor problem is a classic problem of decision making under risk that is taught in traditional Operations and Supply Chain Management classes as a single‐period inventory problem. We discuss the following three pedagogical points of interest to any instructor tasked with teaching this topic: a) why the newsvendor model is relevant in this day and age; b) how to make better sense of the newsvendor problem for students; and c) how to easily implement and administer an active learning exercise in either a traditional classroom, or an online setting. This active learning exercise is a quick, effective, and meaningful way of demonstrating a variety of concepts related to the newsvendor problem that include: a) the rational economic method of calculating optimal order quantity, b) the inherent risk in forecasting and ordering decisions as they relate to surpluses and shortages; and c) the cognitive limitations in decision making that often result in irrational but predictable decision‐making behavior as demonstrated by empirical research on newsvendor behavior. This exercise can help instructors and students transition into broader discussions on human behavior, cognitive limitations, and perceptions of risk. Overall, it should provide the student with an improved understanding of the operational and behavioral issues associated with decision making under risk.     

国外高师教师实习改革的特点与趋势

教育实习的改革已成为当今许多发达国家高等师范教育发展的一项重要内容。从未来教师的素质培养出发，国外高师教育实习呈现出以下特点与趋势：合理安排课程，加强教育实习前的教育理论准备：改进教学方法，注意理论联系实际，培养教育教学能力；扩展教育实践的形式，为教育实习做好方法、技术、心理准备；延长与分散教育实习时间，实习模式多样化；加强与实习基地的联系，对教育实习合作管理。     

The effect of left-behind phenomenon and physical neglect on behavioral problems of children

Objective: Left-behind children have a high incidence of behavioral problems in some Eastern countries, especially China. We sought to assess the combined effects of physical neglect, a major embodiment of the left-behind phenomenon, and the trauma of being left behind on subsequent behavioral problems.Method: 776 children (including 600 left-behind children) aged 12–16 years were chosen by cluster sampling in rural China. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form and the Conners Teacher Rating Scale were used to evaluate physical neglect and behavioral problems.Results: Left-behind children experienced more physical neglect (mean difference = 0.63; 95%CI 0.15–1.10; P = 0.01) and were more inattentive (mean difference=0.11; 95%CI 0.03–0.19; P = 0.009) than non-left-behind children. Physically neglected left-behind children had higher scores for conduct problems, inattention, and hyperactivity index than non-left-behind without physical neglect group (P < 0.05 for each). Among left-behind children, physical neglect group had significantly more conduct problems than those of controls (mean difference=0.14; 95%CI 0.05–0.23; P = 0.008). Physically neglected non-left-behind children had higher scores for conduct problems than those of left-behind children without physical neglect (mean difference=0.31; 95%CI 0.13–0.47; P = 0.003). Among physically neglected children, left-behind children had significantly higher scores for inattention than those of non-left-behind children (mean difference=0.13; 95%CI 0.04–0.22; P = 0.037).Conclusion: Left-behind children have more behavioral problems than non-left-behind children. Physical neglect may result in more severe conduct problems than those associated with staying behind, and staying behind may lead to inattention. Exposure to both may lead to more obvious behavioral problems. Therefore, we should accord more attention to physically neglected and left-behind children.     

Examining engagement in context using experience-sampling method with mobile technology

With the affordances of mobile devices and experience-sampling method, this study took a person-in-context research orientation and examined the interactive relationship between self-efficacy, contextual features, and behavioral and cognitive engagement in authentic mobile learning contexts. Participants include 52 college students in teacher education programs. They responded to experience-sampling surveys based on the study events that they planned for the two weeks prior to exams during the semester. Regression analysis revealed that students’ course-specific self-efficacy and characteristics of planned study events were significantly associated with students’ behavioral engagement related to how well students implemented their study plans. Hierarchical regression analysis also showed that contextual features of the study environment, including study location and reasons for studying, moderated the relationship between task-specific self-efficacy and cognitive engagement. The results highlight the critical roles of self-efficacy and contextual features in influencing engagement in authentic anywhere and anytime mobile learning. The affordances and hinderances of experience-sampling method and mobile technologies in supporting engagement research were discussed.     

学习型社会背景下大学生的行为特点及管理引导研究

当代大学生是推动历史发展和社会前进的重要力量,只有了解他们的行为方式、生活需求和心理特征,我们才能开展行之有效的管理工作,从而将大学生培养成中国特色社会主义事业的合格建设者和可靠接班人。文中从主体性、目的性、时代性、依赖性、复合性对大学生的特点进行了分析。学习型社会背景下大学生的管理引导是:坚定信仰,实施学习型的适应管理,明确大学生的生涯规划,重视大学生的精细化管理过程,推进大学生开展民主性的自我管理,制定、落实针对性的应急预案,从而切实有效的加强和改进大学生的教育管理工作。