关于遏制赌博犯罪的几点立法建议

赌博犯罪活动屡禁不止的深层原因之一在于我国禁赌立法没能适应新形势下赌博犯罪的新变化,不适应当今社会对禁赌的客观要求,应对其内容作补充修订或增补性立法。     

A Framework for the Analysis and Management of Library Security Issues Applied to Patron-property Theft

This paper adapts three conceptual frameworks from Environmental Criminology – Routine Activity Theory, Rational Choice Theory, and Situational Crime Prevention – to create a Crime Prevention Toolkit that helps librarians analyze and manage criminal activity in contemporary academic libraries. The toolkit is applied to a case study of patron-laptop theft at an urban academic library to demonstrate its use in analyzing criminal activity and creating a crime-problem intervention. The intervention was rapidly successful at eliminating patron-property theft. There were no patron-laptop thefts of any kind in the library after implementation of the intervention, in contrast to 12 recorded laptop thefts the previous academic year. This is the first time a research-based, conceptual framework of three theories from Environmental Criminology has been used to analyze and manage criminal activity in an academic library. It is also the first time a patron-property theft intervention in an academic library has been demonstrated effective in an empirical inquiry.     

谈刑事侦察中方言特征词的鉴别

刑事侦察中的方言特征词鉴别,即通过对案件言语材料真伪的识别,应用方言学的有关理论和知识,找出言语材料中具有区别性特征的方言词汇,从而发现破案线索,为案件侦破提供科学依据。鉴别案件言语材料,比较方言词汇,必须把握不同方言的特征词,把握方言中地名的区域特征词,注意把方言特征词和其他语言要素作综合分析。     

未成年人犯罪的家庭特点及家庭教育对策

家庭教育是最基础教育，家庭教育对人的成长和发展起着决定性的作用。家庭教育失误是未成年人犯罪的重要成因。本文从家庭教育的角度。探讨未成年人犯罪的原因及对策。     

Probability of Corporal Punishment: Lack of Resources and Vulnerable Students

ABSTRACT

The author examined corporal punishment practices in the United States based on data from 362 public school principals where corporal punishment is available. Results from multiple regression analyses show that schools with multiple student violence prevention programs and teacher training programs had fewer possibilities of use corporal punishment, whereas schools that served a greater percentage of ethnic minority students and special education students had a 2.1 times greater and a 1.8 times greater likelihood of use corporal punishment, after controlling for students’ problem behavior and school characteristics. Policy implications for an equal implementation of corporal punishment practice were offered.     

Psychological Reactions to Crime News Portrayals of Black Criminals: Understanding the Moderating Roles of Prior News Viewing and Stereotype Endorsement

An experiment examined the extent to which viewers’ death penalty application, perceptions of crime danger, and culpability assessments could be influenced by exposure to a majority of Black suspects in the news or having the race of suspects go unidentified in a newscast. The current study also investigated the extent to which prior news viewing and African American stereotype endorsement might moderate the effects of this racialized crime news exposure. After exposure to a majority of Black suspects or unidentified suspects in a newscast, African American stereotype endorsers were more likely than stereotype rejecters to support the death penalty. Furthermore, heavy television news viewers exposed to a majority of Black suspects were more likely than light news viewers to perceive the world as dangerous and view a race-unidentified suspect as culpable for his offense. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in light of social cognition theories of priming, cognitive accessibility, stereotype activation and application.     

从劳教人员的人格特点探究其犯罪的心理原因

采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）对1182名劳教人员进行测试,发现劳教人员有其独特的人格特征,是影响其犯罪的心理原因;不同职业、受教育程度与罪错类型的劳教人员之间存在人格差异。     

论排除犯罪性行为之非犯罪性理由

我国刑法理论误将大陆法系犯罪成立体系中的＂构成要件＂与我国刑法语境中的＂犯罪构成＂等同起来,同时又不加区分地照搬了大陆法系刑法理论中有关违法阻却事由的论述,从而认为排除犯罪性的行为虽符合犯罪构成但因不具有社会危害性而不构成犯罪。其实,此类行为本身就不符合客体要件或主观方面要件,应直接承认此类行为是因不符合犯罪构成而不成立犯罪。     

论美国刑法中的堕胎罪

在美国,堕胎罪是一项颇受争议的罪名。从某种意义上讲,有关堕胎罪的讨论更多地涉及政治上的因素。本文就堕胎罪在美国的产生与确立、有关堕胎罪的争议以及关于堕胎罪的典型判例等相关问题做初步的介绍与评述。     

Crime profiling for the Arabic language using computational linguistic techniques

Arabic is a widely spoken language but few mining tools have been developed to process Arabic text. This paper examines the crime domain in the Arabic language (unstructured text) using text mining techniques. The development and application of a Crime Profiling System (CPS) is presented. The system is able to extract meaningful information, in this case the type of crime, location and nationality, from Arabic language crime news reports. The system has two unique attributes; firstly, information extraction that depends on local grammar, and secondly, dictionaries that can be automatically generated. It is shown that the CPS improves the quality of the data through reduction where only meaningful information is retained. Moreover, the Self Organising Map (SOM) approach is adopted in order to perform the clustering of the crime reports, based on crime type. This clustering technique is improved because only refined data containing meaningful keywords extracted through the information extraction process are inputted into it, i.e. the data are cleansed by removing noise. The proposed system is validated through experiments using a corpus collated from different sources; it was not used during system development. Precision, recall and F-measure are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed information extraction approach. Also, comparisons are conducted with other systems. In order to evaluate the clustering performance, three parameters are used: data size, loading time and quantization error.