Oral language acquisition by deaf pupils in primary education: impact of musical education

When a child has some hearing loss, a great number of interdependent factors of human development, and more particularly linguistic development that come into play, is apparent. From a school perspective, some requirements can be met in order to make school the best place to enhance this linguistic development, while at the same time the deaf child is educated in a normalized environment. The aim of this paper is to carry out a longitudinal follow‐up of a group of five deaf pupils educated in mainstream schools, considered as optimal for school integration, and to analyse their linguistic development considering both the excellence of the school and the use of a programme of musical education with deaf pupils throughout the period of study. These data are compared with those obtained from another sample of deaf pupils, educated in similar settings, who did not follow the aforementioned hearing training programme. The main results show that musical education has some positive effects on supra‐segmental aspects of language, on voice quality and on the structuring of simple sentences.     

Ambiguity as a motor for communication—Differences between hearing and deaf students’ ways of reasoning about energy

Ambiguity in group discussions as a resource for communication is studied. How students, aged 13–15 years, elaborate on the concept energy through dialogue is described. Group interviews were conducted with 15 hearing and 20 deaf students. Three probes were used to initiate discussions on different meanings of energy. The results show that the dialogues are less elaborated for deaf learners compared with hearing learners. It is argued that dialogues between hearing students have a greater chance of becoming ‘joint productive activity’, since the ambiguity of the word energy in Swedish lays the ground for shared meaning-making. To deaf learners, the ambiguity between the Swedish word and the signs used produces uncertainty and puts an end to further dialogue.     

试论聋生语文学习方式的转变

2001年教育部颁布并试行的《基础教育课程改革纲要》和2004年教育部拟定的草稿《全日制聋校义务教育语文课程标准》这两个聋校语文的指导文件里面郑重提出了自主、探究与合作的崭新学习方式.聋校的语文课程改革是我国基础教育课程改革的一部分,其成败关系着整个新课改的成败.文章试图结合聋校语文教学的实际情况,论述当前聋校语文教学中存在的问题;自主、合作和探究学习实践中需要注意的几个问题;新课改教学示范案例与点评以及转变学习方式的重要性.     

Exploring the hermeneutic foundations of university life: Deaf academics in a hybrid `community of practice'

This paper derives from a study oforganizational socialization and induction inuniversities. It uses some of the data fromthat study to critique social practice theoryand to further develop a model to illuminatethe characteristics of professionalknowledgeability and practices underpinningdaily life in universities. This is donethrough the analysis of a case study of oneunusual sub-departmental workgroup in anunchartered English university: one thatcomprises both Deaf and hearing academics.Using such a case study highlights factors thatare less evident in hearing-only situations,displaying important features in exaggeratedform which exist less palpably in mostmicro-social situations in universities. As aresult it offers a suitable locus for themodelling of the processes underlying muchwhich is taken for granted in universities'daily life. The structure of the paper is asfollows: it outlines the broader study fromwhich this is derived and makes some generalcomments about using `unusual' case studies. Itthen goes on to describe the characteristics ofworkgroups in university contexts through thecase study example and to explore theirtheoretical corollaries. Finally the paperconsiders the implications for aspects of themodel developed, particularly in terms of localleadership.     

对耳聋学生实施个别化作文教学的尝试

1998年 9月 ,我校开始在六年级作文教学中尝试运用个别化教学方式。在教学中 ,我们首先根据每个学生的实际情况为他们制定个别作文教学计划 ,再根据计划 ,有效调控课堂教学全过程 ,并加强个别化作文教学的全方位辅导。一年来 ,取得了一定的成效 ,此项研究也具有一定的推广价值     

探究聋哑学生舞蹈教学的“手传身授”

现在社会是一个非常注重德智体全面发展的社会,大家都在追求丰富多彩的物质文化生活,尤其是音乐和舞蹈方面.然而在教授舞蹈艺术时,有一种学生的学习比较特殊,也就是聋哑学生.对于聋哑学生而言,舞蹈的声音、节奏等等他们都无法准确感知,因此在教授舞蹈时就有一定的困难,需要教师手把手教导,亲身传授,下面文章就这个话题,简要探讨了舞蹈教学对聋哑学生的作用和影响,并分析了手传身授的舞蹈教学方式.     

Syllabic Sructures in Typing: Evidence from Deaf Writers

This study examined the time course of typing in prelingually and profoundly deaf as well as hearing individuals. Both groups of participants performed a written picture naming task and a written pseudoword task. Keystroke timing measurements from the written picture naming task revealed that the deaf as well as the hearing group were significantly delayed at syllable boundaries compared to identical within-syllable letter combinations. As the deaf are impoverished with respect to phonology based on spoken language experience, we postulate that syllabic segmentation is not crucially dependent on experience with spoken language. Furthermore, delays at syllable boundaries were not affected by word frequency in both groups, in contrast to the keys straddling a root morpheme boundary. Together with the finding that delays at syllable boundaries also occur in pseudowords, the experiments provide strong evidence towards post-lexical syllabification processes. Our results support previous findings which claim that (1) orthosyllables are autonomous and mode-specific entities, and (2) that the principles of syllabic organisation apply post-lexically.     

浅谈聋人文化发展的困境

有关聋人文化的论战时起时伏,支持者认为发扬聋人文化有助于形成群体与文化间的宽容,有助于提高聋人的文化地位和身份认同;反对者则认为,大力倡导聋人文化将对我国聋儿康复和教育事业的健康发展产生负面影响。随着争论的起伏不断和对聋文化的关注,聋文化发展过程中遭遇的困境也不可避免的显露出来。通过对这种困境及其原因进行讨论来推进聋文化的发展。     

聋生语文学习情况调查研究

本研究通过对聋生学习语文的基本情况进行调查,了解聋校语文教学现状,为改进聋校语文教学提供依据.研究结果显示,大部分学生听课有困难,学习方法有问题.笔者认为,聋校语文教师要大力提高自身素质,特别是要过好口语和手语等特教基本功关,要认真落实教学要求,要加强学法指导.     

The Salamanca Statement and sign language education for deaf learners 25 years on

ABSTRACT

The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education proposed a policy shift from special education to inclusive education models that require schools to serve all children. However, alongside this shift was a recognition that sign language access for deaf learners is essential for meeting the right to education and that this access cannot always be provided in mainstream settings. The Statement was written during an apex in bilingual education for deaf students in certain countries, and the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD), joined by Swedish and Danish government and deaf advocacy organisation delegates, successfully lobbied for inclusion of Section 21. This section makes three claims regarding the importance of policy-level recognition of differences among learners, the right of deaf learners to education in a national sign language, and the suggested greater suitability of deaf schools or congregated programmes for many deaf learners. The Salamanca Statement, like Article 24 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and related General Comments, makes universalising claims within a rights-based framework; however, the competing claims of deaf advocacy organisations have posed a challenge and corrective to such statements since deaf learners are often excluded in inclusive classrooms.