再述西欧中世纪城市的起源

19世纪，伴随着西方工业化，城市化的进程也以空前的速度发展：随着城市中各种各样问题的出现，有关城市的研究便应运而生，至今不衰。本文在论述西欧中世纪城市起源的同时，与东方封建城市，尤其中国封建城市的起源进行简单比较，以期对此热门问题做一总结，也为目前方兴未艾的城市史研究提供一些参考。     

四川留法勤工俭学生与旅欧党团组织

四川赴法勘工俭学生人数居全国之冠，他们在留法勘工俭学实践中完成了由无政府主义向马克思主义的重大转变，为旅欧党团组织的建立奠定了组织和思想基础；他们还积极参加和领导旅欧党团组织旨在提高党团员政治理论素养的内部训练工作、与无政府主义的斗争以及反对帝国主义和封建军阀的斗争，为中国革命事业的发展立下了不朽功勋。     

近代官派欧美留学生的考录及学习生活——以1908-1911年浙江区域为中心

考察1908年由浙江官方组织的考录欧美留学生问题的整个过程,对命题、组织、考录等问题进行了分析,同时研究了那批参与考选的留学生学习生活与思想.从历史纵向的角度,研究了紧随浙江“省派”之后两次“国派”庚子留学中浙江籍学生的情况.并以多维视角,对近代浙江重要的向西方选派留学生事件进行了历史思考     

欧洲国家级图书馆网站版权政策比较分析

欧洲七个国家级图书馆网站的版权政策涉及受版权保护作品的类型、合理使用、版权归属及免责声明、链接政策、法律依据、通知——移除政策、版权管理信息政策以及技术保护措施八个方面。经过比较,上述政策有得有失。     

A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Organizational Dissent and Workplace Freedom in Five European Economies

Individuals in five European countries—Finland, France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom (n = 1184)—completed a survey exploring the relationship between organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Results revealed workplace freedom of speech is positively correlated with dissent among the entire sample in France and in Germany. Results in Spain were nonsignificant. In the United Kingdom, there was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and dissent. There was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and articulated dissent and a positive relationship with latent dissent in Finland. Moreover, MANCOVA testing showed nationality to have a significant effect on organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Germans scored the highest on dissent and workplace freedom with Spain scoring the lowest.     

Journalism as institution and work in Europe,circa 1860

This article presents a comparative historical analysis of the relationship between journalism as institution (i.e., a particular set of organizations in society) and journalism as work (i.e., an activity practiced by individuals) in four European countries: Britain, Sweden, Germany, and Estonia. The analysis compares the institutional context of journalistic work in these four countries around 1860, focusing in particular on the organization of journalistic labor at the national newspaper of record. The historical comparison reveals how exceptional the British case is. The study finds that British journalism circa 1860 exhibited a high division of labor, high labor specialization, and was increasingly focused on news gathering and production. Swedish and German journalism exhibited an emerging division of labor and labor specialization, and was focused on political debate (rather than news gathering and production). Estonian journalism exhibited hardly any division of labor or labor specialization, and was focused on raising national awareness.     

From Shelf to Spotlight: Rediscovering Modernist Books From Eastern Europe at The New York Public Library

This essay contextualizes the overall development of eastern European resources at the Library, highlighting some of the personalities who have contributed to building this internationally significant research resource. The development of the Baltic, east‐central European, and southern Slavic collections of The New York Public Library has been a neglected area of the Library's history. Reciprocity with institutions in the Slavic and Eastern European homelands played a vital part in the growth of the Library's holdings of materials in their languages until the collapse of the Soviet bloc. Library materials were acquired through local dealers, as gifts, and on international exchanges, as well as through personal visits to the region by library staff. Modernist books were an important part of these acquisition efforts.     

Recent Developments at the Central and Eastern European Online Library (http://www.ceeol.com/)

The author presents recent facts and figures for the Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL), as well as some statistics on institutional usage displaying Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.     

Bibliographies of East European Newspapers at the Library of Congress

This article traces the development of recent bibliographies of East European newspapers held by the Library of Congress. Since 2006 the European Division of the Library of Congress has placed ten newspaper bibliographies onto its website for the following countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Hungary 1956, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Russia, and Serbia, as well as a mixed newspaper/journal bibliography of the Soviet independent press, 1985–1992. The author covers topics such as the need for such bibliographies, their collection development benefits, the difficulty in maintaining their currency, and their popularity based on website statistics.     

Understanding Copyright Law for Slavic,East European,and Eurasian Materials

ABSTRACT

In the last decade the issue of copyright has become more complex for Slavic and East European librarians for a number of reasons. Technological advances have led to new forms of publication and new options for document distribution, and have also had a major impact on intellectual property law in the U.S. and abroad. As the technical means for copying and distributing materials in various formats have increased, and as electronic resources comprise a steadily increasing proportion of the material used in libraries, copyright law has become more integral to the work of librarians. In the background of technological progress, the newly independent states which emerged after the dissolution of Communism have all adopted new copyright laws within the context of global developments in intellectual property legislation. This paper provides a context for copyright as it relates to the work of Slavic and East European librarians in the U.S., by offering a framework for understanding the main issues surrounding copyright and a method for approaching questions related to copyright protection of library materials. The emphasis of this article is on use by U.S. libraries of textual material created or published in Slavic and East European countries.