从现代电影看现代人的末日恐惧

表现世界末日恐惧的现代电影很多,归纳起来主要有四类：外星人入侵、自然灾难、人类局限以及电脑统治世界。现代人的末日恐惧有着深刻的社会根源,它根植于我们现代社会的恐惧和焦虑：工具理性的发展加剧了现代人的恐惧;信仰的失落使恐惧奎面世俗化;大众传媒放大了我们的恐惧．现代电影末日恐惧主题审美独特性在于：虽是虚拟的世界末日,却是真实的恐惧;电影对现代人的恐惧心理有缓解和超越的作用;更重要的是使我们反思现代的生存境遇。     

沉默的螺旋与意见表达——以“抵制家乐福”事件为例

本研究以抵制家乐福事件为调查议题,对沉默的螺旋理论的关键命题进行了一次中国大陆情境下的实证检验。研究在较大程度上证实了孤立恐惧对意见表达的影响,同时亦检验了交流忧虑、议题重要性、自我效能感等因素对意见表达的影响。研究结果证明了对意见表达进行概念分解操作的必要,发言和沉默并非非此即彼的关系。     

爱欲情结的萌动与死亡情结的迸发——简析安娜悲剧的内因

安娜爱欲情结的压抑与萌动,造成了安娜内心的恐惧和焦虑.焦虑恐惧与死亡阴影同时出现在安娜的无意识之中,不断地折磨、撕扯着她,最后在安娜心里逐渐形成一种强烈的自毁倾向--死亡情结.这种死亡情结的迸发最终导致安娜选择用死来解脱.安娜无意识中死亡情结的迸发,是导致其悲剧命运不容忽视的原因之一.     

感知的教练员领导行为对运动员心理疲劳的影响:害怕失败的中介作用

研究目的:研究把运动员的害怕失败作为中介变量,探索感知的教练员领导行为对运动员心理疲劳影响的解释机制,并着重观察运动员所感知的教练员民主领导行为和专制领导行为的不同作用影响。研究方法:在全国范围内采用随机抽样法,让处于不同项目和不同等级的347名(男性为173人;女性为174)专业运动员完成“运动领导行为量表”、“失败表现评估量表”以及“运动员心理疲劳问卷”,所获数据采用回归和Bootstrap分析,分别对构建的民主领导行为解释假设模型和专制领导行为解释假设模型进行拟合。研究结果:①感知教练员民主领导行为会显著减少运动员的心理疲劳感,而知教练员专制领导行为则会显著增加运动员的心理疲劳;②感知教练员民主领导行为与运动员害怕失败不存在显著相关性,而感知教练员专制领导行为则会显著增加运动员的害怕失败;③由于感知教练员民主领导行为与运动员的害怕失败不具有显著相关性,因此害怕失败在民主领导行为假设模型中的中介解释作用假设不成立;④由于感知教练员专制型领导行为会显著增加运动员害怕失败,所以害怕失败在专制领导行为假设模型中的中介解释作用假设成立。研究结论:通过对运动员所感知到的两种教练员领导行为进行观察,可以发现专制型领导行为对运动员的负面情绪影响是多方面的。它不仅会在训练和比赛的过程中直接引起运动员的心理疲劳,还会通过运动员害怕失败感的叠加效应来增加其心理疲劳。因此,研究建议在运动实践中应该提倡教练员有计划性的多采用民主型的领导行为帮助运动员有效的减少心理疲劳。     

The effect of fear and situational motivation on online information avoidance: The case of COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a plethora of online sources for information and news dissemination have emerged. Extant research suggests that very quickly, individuals become disinterested and begin avoiding the information. In this study, we investigate how an individual's fear and situational motivation impact Online Information Avoidance. Using the self-determination theory and information avoidance theories, we argue that fear and external regulation are associated with increased Online Information Avoidance. We also argue that intrinsic motivation and identified regulation are associated with a decrease in Online Information Avoidance. Our findings suggest that fear, intrinsic motivation, and external regulation drive Online Information Avoidance, where intrinsic motivation is the most significant driver. We also found that identified regulation is a crucial inhibitor of Online Information Avoidance. While focusing on COVID-19, our study contributes to the broader information systems research literature and specifically to the information avoidance literature during a pandemic or a prolonged crisis. Our study's findings will be useful for governments, health organizations, and communities that utilize online platforms, forums, and related outlets to reach larger audiences for disseminating pertinent information and recommendations during a crisis.     

论福斯特的“意大利小说”中圆形人物和扁平人物--以小说《天使不敢涉足的地方》为例

福斯特的第一部小说《天使不敢涉足的地方》和第三部小说《看得见风景的房间》被合称为“意大利小说”。文章主要是运用福斯特在《小说面面观》中提出的分析小说人物的理论。即圆形人物和扁平人物的理论,解读《天使不敢涉足的地方》中的人物形象。通过对小说中主要人物形象的分析,揭示其作品中体现出的英国中产阶级“发育不良的心灵”这一主题。     

Group and individual accuracy in deception detection

Previous research examining the accuracy of deception detection judgments by individuals has concluded that the ability to detect deception is only slightly better than chance. Research has also found that individuals tend to be over‐confident, truth‐biased, and reliant on nonverbal behavior when making veracity judgments. This study (N = 129) tested if differences in deception detection accuracy, truth‐bias, judgmental confidences, and self‐reported cue reliance exist between individual judges and groups of individuals working in collaboration. No significant differences between groups and individuals emerged for accuracy, truth‐bias, or self‐reported cue reliance. Individuals within groups, however, were significantly more confident in their decisions than individuals working alone.     

移动社交媒体环境下用户错失焦虑症(FoMO)量表构建研究

[目的/意义] 鉴于移动社交媒体环境下用户错失焦虑症（Fear of Missing Out,FoMO）已经逐渐成为一种普遍存在的现象,为了更好地测度用户在使用移动社交媒体过程中的FoMO程度,本研究尝试在中文情境下开发FoMO的有效度量工具。[方法/过程] 以现有相关研究文献为基础,结合用户访谈构建移动社交媒体环境下FoMO初步测度问卷,综合采用专家咨询、探索性因子分析（EFA）和验证性因子分析（CFA）方法进行量表开发。[结果/结论] 最终构建一个包含心理动机、认知动机、行为表现和情感依赖四个维度的移动社交媒体环境下用户FoMO测量量表,具体涉及16个相应指标。数据分析表明,该量表信度和效度较好,可为后期针对移动社交媒体采纳和持续参与的影响因素探索提供工具参考和理论指导。     

Childhood and Modernity: Dark Themes in Carol Ann Duffy’s Poetry for Children

Carol Ann Duffy’s three volumes of children’s poetry are important and interesting because they emerge from the work of a writer whose adult poetry has persistently associated childhood with dark and difficult areas of experience. This article explores what happens to such challenging material when a poet of major significance changes the focus of her work to address child readers directly. Since these areas of experience are bound up with issues that have made the meaning of childhood particularly problematic within contemporary society, Carol Ann Duffy’s poetry may be read as an oblique commentary on the condition of childhood within late modernity. The author focuses on strategies used by the poet in representing both romantic love and disturbing emotions for a child readership, assessing the roles played by distancing and estrangement devices in mediating such experience. David Whitley is Lecturer in English in the Faculty of Education at Cambridge University, where he teaches English Literature, Film and Children’s Literature. He is particularly interested in film, poetry and environmental perspectives on the arts. He has published a number of articles, especially on Aesop’s Fables, and has recently completed a book on Disney animation.     

体育院校跨栏跑教学应对学生恐惧心理的探究

跨栏跑是高等体育院校田径教学中一项主要内容,对发展学生的力量、速度、柔韧性等身体素质,培养学生勇敢、顽强果断的意志品质都有积极作用。此文从心理学的角度分析学生对跨栏跑产生恐惧心理的原因以及对教学产生的不利影响,提出一些相应的心理训练方法,以便更好的完成教学任务,达到掌握技术,提高素质,增强意志品质的目的。