Connection,Restructuring, and Buffering: How Groups Link Individuals and Organizations

Research examining the individual–organization relationship has largely ignored the linking role of groups. Grounded in Scott, Corman, and Cheney's (1998) structurational model of organizational identification, we analyzed data obtained from members of groups embedded in a large religious organization. Results revealed three primary ways groups link individual members and the organization via identification. The connection function provides members with local copresent linkages to the organization and an environment in which to express their connection/relationship to the organization. The restructuring function enables members to restructure conflicting individual and organizational identity structures. The buffering function enables members to disidentify with a portion of the organizational identity and still maintain a sense of organizational identification.     

Mapping the Health Communication Infrastructure in Rural Senegal: an Assessment to Support Cervical Cancer Screening

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of women's cancer deaths in Senegal, but few medical personnel are trained to perform cervical cancer screening. In rural areas, the situation is worse. To remedy this, a collaborative of researchers and stakeholders trained local health-care workers in cervical cancer screening through the “training-of-trainers” method. However, lack of cancer screening knowledge, barriers, and a hard-to-reach population may jeopardize the collaborative's efforts. The purpose of this study is to map the health communication infrastructure by applying communication infrastructure theory to assess general health and cancer screening knowledge, as well as attitudes and barriers toward screening. Results from focus groups and interviews show that women have minimal knowledge of cervical cancer. Moreover, health workers report detrimental attitudes in menopausal women. Our findings identified routes for information dissemination and attitude change including community radio and local health talks.     

Merchant of Mercy,Merchant of Death: How Values Advocacy Messages Influence Jury Deliberations

This exploratory study addresses the ability of values advocacy messages to influence target publics’ behavior beyond consumer purchase decisions. In doing so, it fills a gap in the research by extending our understanding of the persuasive premises of values advocacy messages beyond rhetorical (de)construction; consumer behavior; and the establishment of typologies, definitions, and methods of inquiry. Using focus group methodology, target audience members (n=37) of a contemporary values advocacy campaign reflect upon the messages presented in the context of jury deliberations. The findings show that focus group participants would likely reduce punitive damage judgments if exposed to values advocacy messages. The social and cultural implications exposed by participants’ comments reflect ongoing concern among critical scholars about the ability of corporations to manipulate public behavior and indicate the ethical conundrum between corporate and community speech.     

驻马店方言音系

驻马店方言有以下特点：1．中古的知、照组全部和精组的洪音合并,与日母形成一个系列,读舌尖前擦音、塞擦音;2．舌尖前擦音、塞擦音声母在儿化时读为舌尖后音;3．不分尖团;入声中,中古清声母今多读阴平,中古浊声母今读阳平;4．中古通摄三等多读细音。     

美国教育改革中的利益集团

利益集团是影响美国教育改革的重要力量,他们通过制定教育行业标准、游说、示威或暴力抗议、政治捐款等方式表达各种不同的意愿,左右教育决策,影响教育改革.利益集团是美国政治体制的产物,也与美国人长期以来形成的集团意识有关.利益集团的作用虽然不可低估,但是也存在其局限性.     

粒子群算法及其哲学启示

粒子群优化(PSO)算法是一种模拟自然生物群体(swarm)行为的优化技术。PSO算法源于对鸟群觅食行为的研究,该算法简单易实现,可调参数少,已得到广泛研究和应用。PSO算法不仅仅是种算法,更是一种学习和思维的创新,体现出学科之间交互所发生的一些突破。它不但是计算机理论上极大的理论创新,而且在哲学上也具有丰富的内涵。对此进行了论述。     

学生运动参与的社会心理学分析

运用社会心理学的一些原理,对学生运动参与进行分析,结果表明:他人和群体对学生运动参与的影响是直接的,有效的.体育工作者科学地、合理地、自觉地去认识与运用这一原理,往往能促进学生运动参与,使他们投入到运动活动中.     

影响西安市居民体育消费需求的社会群体分类研究

本文在深入、广泛调查的基础上,认为影响西安市居民体育消费的主要社会群体有以下三类:紧密层群体、正式层群体和参照层群体,并对三个层次的社会群体进行了系统的研究和探讨,提出了相应的发展对策。研究结果对倡导西安市居民正确的体育消费观念,形成西安市居民健康、文明的体育消费心理都具有一定的现实意义。     

新时期学校体育的重心转移与建设的思考

在“健康第一“的指导思想下,充分发挥学校体育各环节的特点,构建新型的高度有效的教育体系,建立课内外相结合,以及校园体育环境与体育文化氛围互动的大课程观,以达到学校体育整体化目标和最大效益,使学校体育在更高的教育目标上重新锻造.     

中国社会团体的基本概念及其特征研究

社会团体作为改革开放后新兴的社会组织,在加强和创新社会管理的进程中,其在当代中国政治生活中发挥着重大的作用,社会团体作为参与社会管理的一个主体,成为学术中讨论的热点,本文旨在分析其基本概念、划分标准及特征来对社会团体进行一个大致了解。