团体心理辅导在专业调剂生学习动机干预中的作用

目的探讨团体心理辅导对专业调剂生学习动机的干预效果。方法设置实验组、对照组大一专业调剂生各25名,对实验组进行8次为期8周的团体心理辅导,干预前后分别评估各组专业调剂生学习动机的2个维度。结果接受团体辅导后,实验组在后测中学习动机两个维度的分数显著高于前测,对照组在学习动机前后测的分数上没有显著差异。实验组、对照组后测分数上存在显著差异。结论团体心理辅导能有效提高专业调剂生的学习动机。     

面向中文科技文献非结构化摘要的知识元表示与抽取研究——基于知识元本体理论

[目的/意义]近年来,科技文献资源呈爆炸性增长,海量科技文献中依旧存在大量非结构化摘要。非结构化摘要一方面不利于学者阅读与理解;另一方面不利于对摘要内部信息进行知识的自动化抽取和相应的检索。研究科技文献非结构化摘要的知识表示模型及其自动化抽取方法,对学者快速阅读和机器自动化处理具有重要意义。[方法/过程]文章在分析科技文献非结构化摘要结构的基础上,结合知识元本体理论,构建了一个面向科技文献非结构化摘要的知识元本体模型。通过分析非结构化摘要的写作特征,将文本按句子级划分为目的、方法、结果或结论三个要素,统计每个要素句中的线索词、句型和位置,建立相关规则库,根据本体模型和规则库构建相关抽取算法。最后,下载《计算机技术与发展》中的部分文献进行实验。[结果/结论]通过增加句型集和线索词集,完善了非结构化摘要的要素,构建了非结构化摘要知识元本体模型。实验结果表明,根据本文提出的模型能有效地对非结构化摘要中的知识元进行抽取。[局限]实验的不足之处是需要人工对摘要中的句型和线索词进行归纳总结。     

基于协同表示的目标跟踪算法

提出一种基于协同表示的新的目标跟踪算法.在贝叶斯框架下,采用基于重构误差的观测似然函数和考虑遮挡的模型更新机制设计一个鲁棒的跟踪器.用l₁范数来建模重构误差以更好地容忍奇异值,同时用协同表示对编码系数进行约束.实验结果表明,和其他算法相比,本文算法能够战胜遮挡、尺度变化、光照变化、背景混乱等干扰因素,具有较高的准确度和鲁棒性.     

‘He is the Vagabond that Hath No Habitation in the Lord’: The Representation of Quakerism as Vagrancy in Interregnum England,c. 1650–1660

This article examines the printed representation, and prosecutorial characterisation, of the movements, actions and motivations of early Quakers as vagrant. It argues that the prevalence and power of representing (and subsequently treating) early Quakers as vagrants is an understudied aspect of the social and cultural history of the Society of Friends, particularly in Interregnum England. As evidence, it interrogates a furious pamphlet debate between mid-century religious writers and preachers, who devoted much time and ink to painting Quakers as mendacious vagabonds, and Quaker ‘First Publishers’, who responded at length and in a striking way to these accusations. The article concludes that these images of Quakerism as a form of ‘spiritual vagrancy’ created historically significant echoes in English and Atlantic culture.     

Inter-religious feelings of Sunni and Alevi Muslim minorities: The role of religious commitment and host national identification

This paper examines inter-religious attitudes from the perspective of Muslim minorities living in Western Europe. We examine both Sunni and Alevi Muslims of Turkish origin living in Germany and the Netherlands, and focus on their global feelings towards multiple religious out-groups (Christians, Jews, Muslim out-group, and non-believers). We hypothesize that Sunnis would dislike religious out-groups more than Alevis, and that these group differences in religious out-group feelings can be explained by group differences in host national identification and the three B’s of religious commitment: belonging (religious identification), behaviour (religious practices), and belief (liberal values). Sunnis were found to be rather negative towards Alevis, and Alevis were even more negative towards Sunnis. Furthermore, as expected, Alevis had more positive feelings towards Christians, Jews and non-believers, and this was related to their stronger host national identification, lower religious group identification, lower involvement in religious practices, and stronger endorsement of liberal values. We conclude by pointing at the need to distinguish between subgroups of Muslims instead of treating them as a uniform collective.     

Help that hurts? Perceptions of intergroup assistance

The current research, guided theoretically by the Intergroup Helping as Status Relations Model, explored how high and low status groups (Israeli Jews and Israeli Arabs) perceive offers of help from the high to the low status group. Ninety-three Arab and Jewish participants were asked to imagine and evaluate offers of help from Jews to Arabs in Israel. Consistent with the hypothesis that members of high and low status groups would have different perspectives and goals in their relations, Israeli Arabs viewed help by Israeli Jews more as a way to reinforce existing hierarchy and as a way of asserting the higher groups’ domination. Recognizing the different orientations of members of high and low status groups to potentially conciliatory actions, such as helping behavior, can enhance understanding of the dynamics of intergroup relations and conflict and reveal factors that might fuel intergroup misunderstandings and tensions, which can represent a critical step to improving intergroup relations.     

Coach humility and player creativity: The roles of knowledge sharing and group diversity

In this study, the authors examine how coach humility impacts creativity among the football players. The sample included players and their coaches from nonprofessional football clubs in Vietnam. Our data analyses supported the positive relationships between coach humility and player creativity via knowledge sharing as a mediator. Group diversity in terms of extroversion and openness to experience traits served as a moderator to fortify the effect of coach humility on knowledge sharing among the players.     

秦岭自然保护区群成本效益研究(Ⅰ)——成本效益比较

本研究在秦岭自然保护区群成本效益计量研究成果的基础上,首先对秦岭自然保护区群的保护成本及效益进行了比较分析,同时修正了研究中的误差;采用利益相关者理论中的米切尔分类方法,找出了秦岭自然保护区群的成本承担者及效益分享者,并对其进行比较分析;最后文章对成本一效益进行进一步分析及发展趋势预测。研究结果表明：经过调整后的综合效益约为234亿元,其中生态效益约为188亿元;经济效益约为34亿元;社会效益约为12亿元;综合效益成本比为7．88。在成本效益比较分析表明保护区周边社区承担了过多的成本且产生了负效益,这也是引起社区与保护区矛盾最根本的原因。研究认为,随着国家社会经济的发展,保护区群的综合效益会呈上升趋势,国家有关部门应建立健全生态效益补偿机制。     

地方政府网络舆情应对能力评价及提升路径研究

[目的/意义] 探讨不同因素组合对地方政府网络舆情应对能力的影响,帮助政府化解网络舆情危机,提高政府公信力。[方法/过程] 选取东部和中部16个省份作为案例,采用数据包络分析（DEA）与定性比较分析（QCA）相结合的混合方法,基于投入-产出的视角,选取传播能力、互动程度、服务水平、应对能动性、公众满意度5个维度的指标,从高综合能力和低综合能力2个角度探析地方政府网络舆情应对能力的提升路径。[结果/结论] 高应对能动性是高综合能力实现的必要条件,在保持高应对能动性的前提下,提高互动程度或者服务水平,都能有效地提高地方政府网络舆情的应对能力;低公众满意度是低综合能力实现的必要条件,在保持低公众满意度的前提下,即使政府提高服务水平,也只会带来相反的结果;政府保持低传播能力、低互动程度、低公众满意度的情况下,必然会带来地方政府网络舆情应对能力的降低。     

《老子》中的“吾”“我”指代辨析

本文以《老子》为语料,对其中第一人称代词"吾"和"我"从句法功能和指代意义两方面进行辨析,并进一步讨论了"吾"与"我"在《老子》中共存的意义。"吾"在《老子》中可以做主语和定语,"我"可以做主语、定语和宾语;"我"是得道之人,是圣人,"吾"是未得道之人,是"道"的追求者;"吾""我"共存清晰地展示了"道"是"德"的目标和归宿,"德"是"道"的实践和追求。