伊斯兰教分配伦理思想论析

伊斯兰教不仅把分配问题列入经济学的范畴,更侧重于把它列入宗教道德的范畴中加以讨论,因而使分配问题渗透着深刻的伦理思想,其分配伦理思想主要体现在社会福利、遗产分散和取财有道等方面,在财富分配的环节上力求做到使社会上每位成员都有获取财富的均等机会,其社会福利制度更是体现出公平合理地分配社会财富,尽可能缩小社会各阶层贫富差距,最终实现共同富裕这一基本的经济伦理原则。     

Truth,Tradition and Religion. The Association between Judaism and Islam and the Relation between Religion and Philosophy in Medieval Jewish Thought

The paper presents the unique philosophy of Moshe Ben Joshua of Narbonne (d. 1362), known as Moshe Narboni. Narboni wrote some fifteen different treatises dealing with various subjects: philosophy, Kabbalah, Biblical exegesis and medicine. The philosophical issues he addressed were logic, psychology, physics and metaphysics. Narboni was a keen disciple of the outstanding Jewish thinker Moses Maimonides, as well as a devoted commentator on works written by prominent Muslim philosophers: Al-Ghazālī, Ibn Bājja (Avempace) Ibn .(T)ufayl and Ibn Rushd (Averroes). Narboni adopted the Averroistic view, held also by Maimonides, maintaining that religion was founded on philosophical principles, offering a popular adaptation of philosophy in favour of the uneducated mass. He thus felt that Judaism and Islam were both truthful monotheistic religions, teaching their adherents the same basic principles. However, he did regard Judaism as superior in three major aspects: i) Judaism is more ancient than Islam, and thus was the source for Islamic basic beliefs; ii) the Jewish law teaches the ideal way of life; iii) the Hebrew language lends to the concept of the Deity.     

伊斯兰宗教改良背景下的西亚体育发展研究

宗教与体育之间是一个相互关联与交错的关系。近年来,西亚国家的体育发展呈现出妇女体育从无到有,体育交流日益丰富,国际比赛承办逐步增多以及竞技体育水平迅速提高的特征。西亚体育取得的这些成绩与伊斯兰教近年来致力于突破传统,积极应对挑战,努力融入世界的宗教改良的社会背景密切相关,与此同时,蓬勃发展的西亚体育给伊斯兰教的宗教改良注入了更多的动力。这一现象对于我国后奥运时代的体育事业如何实现和谐、健康和可持续发展提供了一些有益的启示。     

An ethnographic eye on religion in everyday life

There are many pitfalls associated with teaching about religions. One such pitfall entails the risk of presenting religions as stereotypical monolithic systems; that is, all who belong to a particular religious tradition think and act in the same way. I like to call this sort of stereotyping the ‘robotic tendency’ because it has a habit of reducing practitioners to robot-like beings that uniformly perform identical actions. This article concerns how the adoption of what I have termed an ‘ethnographic eye’ can help educators to avoid both unfortunate stereotypes and the robotic tendency when teaching about religions.     

Snap Judgments: How Students Search the Web for Their Rights to Photograph in Public

ABSTRACT

China’s distinct development of the Internet has provided religious populations within its mainland access, allowing them to create practices and resources related to the development of religion online. Yet this phenomenon has been understudied both within the current Chinese research on the Internet and international studies of digital religion online. This article provides an overview of digital religion in the Chinese context by identifying and exploring the main characteristics of Buddhism, Islam, and Protestantism manifest online. This is done by providing an overview of current research and profiling the development of different forms of digital religious expression found in China. Through this we show how the concept of digital religion is manifest in China and how this compares to Western understandings of such practices, and we highlight the unique characteristics defining the Chinese religious digital landscape.     

伊斯兰教的中国化演进

在中国历史文化发展进程中,伊斯兰教的中国化是个非常特殊的现象。伊斯兰教在中国化的进程中既缔造了一个新的民族——回族,在文化上实现了在中国的本土化、民族化,又保留着自己独有的伊斯兰文化特点。伊斯兰教的中国化经历了一个漫长曲折的历程,这一历程与佛教和基督教的中国化历程相比有着明显不同的特征。伊斯兰教在中国化的过程中体现出自己独特的特点,研究伊斯兰教的中国化,可以帮助我们更好地学习伊斯兰文化。     

论回族婚姻习俗及回汉之间的通婚

在人类文明的进程中,回族的婚姻习俗是一个特殊的现象;它既受到了伊斯兰教的影响,又受到了中国文化的影响;因此,回族的婚姻习俗在结婚、聘礼、婚礼的意识以及离婚再嫁和一夫一妻制方面呈现出新的特点.回汉之间的通婚,经历了一个长期的历史过程,并且一直严格遵循着双方必须是穆斯林的准则.     

宁夏回族聚居区城市回族穆斯林民俗宗教活动中养生健身行为的研究

形式多样的民俗（包括信仰性民俗）是回族穆斯林高度独立的表现形式之一。它体现出回族穆斯林民众生活习惯、行为方式、伦理道德观念以及心理结构等传统特点。源于伊斯兰教教规、戒律的禁忌民俗，随社会的发展，它们本身特有的宗教色彩减弱，民族文化的色彩增强。这些禁忌与现代社会所提倡的健康生活习惯相一致，对回族穆斯林的健康长寿起着积极的作用，并在维护民族特征方面起着约束力的作用。它们已内化到回族穆斯林的意识之中，成为回族穆斯林自觉的一致行为。聚居区回族穆斯林传统的宗教观念较强，重视礼拜，寓于礼拜活动中的净、静、动等因素在客观上起到了养生健身的作用。     

Epistemological shifts in knowledge and education in Islam: A new perspective on the emergence of radicalization amongst Muslims

I theorize that the idea of knowledge and education has shifted in Islam from an inclusive and rational search for all knowledge to a narrowed focus on religious knowledge, void of rationality. By synthesizing literature on education and knowledge in Islam, this study identifies three shifts in the cultural history of Islamic education. I argue that those shifts in what was deemed valuable knowledge have played a significant role in the emergence of radicalization today. The study shows that once the social world of Islam destabilized, the sense of belonging and sense making became inward and less reflexive as compared to that of early Muslims. Belief became privileged over the rationality mechanisms that had previously formed Islamic endeavors. I demonstrate that a decline in intellectual and scientific production followed, allowing extremists to skew Islam’s narrative by putting forward an idealized version of the Islamic caliphate divorced from rationality.