The Evolution and Cultural Characteristics of Korean Professional Soccer

Abstract

Since it was introduced in the late nineteenth century, soccer has been one of the cultural driving forces for Koreans in overcoming national hardships during the dark ages marked by imperial occupations, war, and division during the modern era. This study was carried out to investigate the cultural backgrounds and characteristics due to which soccer has entered an era of professionalization under the name of the Super League. Korean professional soccer started in 1983 under the name of the Super League, not by popular demand but by from political backgrounds. The sport was off to a bad start, and this became an inherent limitation and the reason Korean professional soccer did not flourish. In addition, although Korean professional soccer had grown rapidly in terms of quantity based on a consistent increase in professional teams and the introduction of advanced systems, the cultural limitations of an incomplete local franchise system and a lack of public attention were revealed. Korean professional soccer has shown a variety of sociocultural limits while rapidly developing in its short history. Nevertheless, having a short history indicates the system is young, which means it has the opportunity to mature. Korean professional soccer has sufficient potential and it can be directed toward a brighter future.     

学术乃天下之公器——哈佛燕京图书馆馆长郑炯文访谈

2019年7月22日,南京大学谢欢博士对哈佛燕京图书馆馆长郑炯文先生就北美东亚图书馆发展相关问题进行访谈。东亚图书馆肇始于欧洲,起源于传教士对文史哲印刷文献的专题收集,与汉学发展紧密相关;美国东亚图书馆在第二次世界大战后取得了快速的发展,如今美国已成为西方世界东亚研究的中心。华人图书馆员是北美东亚图书馆从业人员中非常重要的群体,三代华人图书馆员各具专长,为北美东亚图书馆发展做出了贡献。郑炯文先生自担任哈佛燕京图书馆馆长以来,主要致力于以下三方面工作:①整理裘开明、吴文津担任馆长期间收集的文献;②开放馆藏,将哈佛燕京图书馆的资源面向全世界学者开放;③推动中美图书馆员交流合作项目。     

游泳训练对Ⅱ型糖尿病Wistar大鼠肠系膜动脉舒张功能改善作用的研究

目的:通过建立wistar大鼠Ⅱ型糖尿病动物模型,观察Ⅱ型糖尿病(T2DM)模型大鼠,经游泳训练后肠系膜动脉舒张功能的变化,并探讨其内在影响机制。方法:实验材料wistar大鼠60只,造模完成后随机分成3组:正常对照组(CON),Diabetes模型组(DI),游泳运动组(SEX),每组15只。进行游泳训练共计8周。结果:T2DM可造成肠系膜动脉血管舒张功能降低(P<0.05),且存在内皮依赖性。舒张功能的降低与eNOS-NO系统活性降低直接相关。游泳训练可有效维持内皮依赖性舒张功能(P<0.05),其上调eNOS-NO系统。另外,T2DM造成的eNOS-NO系统活性降低与该系统上游蛋白PI-3K,Akt降低有关,且在加入上游蛋白抑制剂(PI-3K)LY294002及eNOS阻断剂L-NAME后保护效应消失。结论:游泳训练能改善T2DM wistar大鼠肠系膜舒动脉舒张功。其内在保护作用可能是通过部分激活PI-3K-Akt-eNOS信号通路而实现。     

K-拟共形亚纯映射的基本不等式及其应用

研究了K-拟共形亚纯映射，建立了平面上K-拟共形亚纯映射的一个基本不等式，应用它们把一些亚纯函数的基本结果推广到拟共形亚纯映射。     

绿色多功能材料高铁酸钾的应用研究进展

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Contractual governance and the choice of dispute-resolution mechanisms: Evidence on technology licensing

In fast-paced and knowledge-intensive environments, licensing partnerships can be powerful levers for market expansion. Research on the management of technology-oriented licenses has nonetheless pointed out the risks of corrosive disputes caused by conflicting interests or misunderstandings among licensing partners. The choice made ex ante on mechanisms for resolving potential disputes is of prime importance in the execution of licensing exchanges. Although the legal literature has widely emphasized the advantages of arbitration towards litigation, public ordering remains the “default” option in managers’ eyes. By adopting a transaction cost economics logic, our study explores the conditions under which licensing partners may prefer arbitration over public ordering during the contractual-design phase. In accordance with our theoretical arguments, findings show that the occurrence of arbitration provisions increases when the coordination orientation adopted by licensing partners is extensive. In situations where both monitoring and coordination orientations are simultaneously extensive, results reveal a greater propensity to prefer arbitration over public ordering. Our research therefore supports the view that corporate decision-makers tend to favor the conciliatory stance and compromising awards typically associated with arbitration, only when exchanges are expected to be highly coordinative. Their preference for arbitration over litigation is magnified when the coordination orientation develops alongside the monitoring orientation.     

Pathwise estimation of the stochastic functional Kolmogorov-type system

In this paper we stochastically perturb the functional Kolmogorov-type system

     

K/T界线的研究进展——兼论元素演化与恐龙灭绝的可能关系

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Ethnic and regional influences on teachers' evaluations of oral answers

Tape recordings were made of six white and six black ninth-grade northern boys speaking identically worded answers to typical school questions. Black students were given significantly higher grades than white students by 56 white and 50 black southern teachers. Black teachers gave significantly higher grades than white teachers, but no significant interaction was found between students' and teachers' ethnic group. The study is a partial replication of a previous study in which it was found that black students were given significantly lower grades than white students by northern white teachers.