Communication Behaviors as Mediators: Examining Links Between Political Orientation,Political Communication,and Political Participation

This study reveals the mediation process of mass and interpersonal communication between antecedent political orientation variables and the outcome response variable of political participation. It provides insight into the direct and indirect effects of political communication on political behavior using an advanced social cognitive approach. The study explores the interrelations among political orientations, communication behaviors, and political participation using the theoretical framework of the Orientation 1–Stimulus–Orientation 2–Response model (Markus &; Zajonc, 1985 Markus , H. , &; Zajonc , R. B. ( 1985 ). The cognitive perspective in social psychology . In G. Lindzey &; E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology , (3rd ed. , pp. 137 – 229 ). New York , NY : Random House . [Google Scholar]; McLeod, Kosicki, &; McLeod, 2002 McLeod , J. M. , Kosicki , G. M. , &; McLeod , D. M. ( 2002 ). Resurveying the boundaries of political communication effects . In J. Bryant &; D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research , (2nd ed. , pp. 215 – 267 ). Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Elbaum Associates, Inc . [Google Scholar]). A structural equation model was built and supported by 2004 American National Election Survey data. After controlling for demographic variables, both political interest and need for cognition had direct effects on political media use, whereas political interest and need to evaluate had direct effects on interpersonal political discussion. These results suggest that need for cognition and need to evaluate—2 important personality constructs—affect political communication on 2 different levels. Meanwhile, as antecedent orientation variables, political interest, political extremity, and need to evaluate all contribute to political participation. Both political media use and interpersonal discussion directly affect political participation while they also mediate the effect of the political orientation variables on political participation. Furthermore, interpersonal political discussion mediates the effect of political media use on political participation, and political media use mediates the effect of political interest and need for cognition on interpersonal political discussion.     

论项目的社会目标与项目社会影响评估

项目社会影响评估是一个非常重要的项目评估内容,然而我国现有的项目社会影响评估内容和方法存在一些问题。本文通过研究提出应该根据社会发展的基本目标来开展项目社会影响评估。从而充分评估项目对社会目标所产生的影响。具体而言,在项目的社会影响评估中应该引入项目的社会公平、社会效率、社会可持续发展评估以及项目公平与效率的集成评估等方面的评估内容。     

恐怖诉求：传播效果的ERP实验研究——一种基于神经科学的传播学研究

本文是关于恐惧诉求的传播效果的ERP测定的分析报告。通过ERP实验我们确定和描述了恐怖启动信息与主信息的关系、被试的幸福感差异与恐怖启动信息加工的关系、三类恐怖启动信息的加工差异以及对于目标信息的加工特点进行了测定。     

对“魔弹论”的再思考

由于受到传播业界的影响,在传播学的起步阶段,魔弹论的部分思想作为未经证实的常识天经地义地成为了传播研究默认的前提。尽管有限效果论挑战了这种观念,但实际上有限效果论仍然是在魔弹论的思维框架下得出的。学者们仍然相信并全力维护这样的观念:传播具有强效果,而且是直接的效果。在有限效果论出现以后,魔弹论并非完全退出了历史的舞台,只是从显性的观念转化为一种隐性的、不易觉察的潜在观念。由于实用性和社会控制导向的传播研究需求在很大程度上型塑了当代美国的传播学,美国学者之所以在骨子里维护魔弹论的观念,是与他们雇主的价值取向相一致的。对强效果论的潜在维护使美国传播研究者将绝大多数精力放在了效果的研究上,使美国传播学的视野失之于狭窄。     

审视“增量改革”:对《国际新闻界》扩容的评价报告——以2009年全国新闻传播学研究生暑期学校学员为调查对象

本次研究通过对2009年全国新闻传播学研究生暑期学校学员(含正式学员和旁听学员)进行的问卷调查,分析考察《国际新闻界》扩容的效果,以求能客观准确地认识和把握读者的需求,并了解读者对于《国际新闻界》办刊的意见和建议。     

Education in Pakistan: Are low-cost private schools closing the gender gap?

The focus of this research is to explore the educational outcomes of low-cost private schools (LCPSs) against public schools in Pakistan and whether they have any significant impact in correcting for the prevailing gender biases in the education system. In an attempt to advance the literature on the experience and outcomes of LCPSs and particularly on female students in Pakistan, this research has employed a rigorous quantitative approach by using various statistical tests to build up suitable econometric models. The findings show that boys are more likely to attend LCPSs than girls which further widens the gender imbalances in educational institutes. However, the research also reveals, if given a chance to attend LCPSs, female students academically outperform the male counterparts. The research further point to the fact that educated parents chose LCPS and father’s level of education has stronger impact on the choice of schooling.     

利用Pro/E软件提升机械类课程教学效果

本文分析了机械类课程传统教学存在的局限性,提出将Pro/ENGINEER三维技术应用到机械类课程教学过程中的一些做法,既降低了办学成本,又取得了良好的教学效果。     

An Introduction to Intercultural Communication: Identities in a Global Community (6th Edition)

By covering underrepresented areas in the world, Al Jazeera English (AJE) can facilitate intercultural understanding among Americans. However, AJE is not widely available on television in the United States. Further, many Americans hold pre-formed suspicions of the channel. Through an online experiment, we find that pre-reception audience bias against AJE exists and correlates with prejudice against Arab Americans, limiting its conciliatory potential. However, Americans can change their views toward AJE depending on how it is covered by other media, or what we call “intermedia framing,” including both satiric soft news and hard news. An experiment finds that satiric news coverage decreases anti-Arab American prejudice and, when combined with exposure to AJE, elevates evaluations of the network.     

The maltreated adolescent: patterns of physical abuse

Although adolescents are severely and chronically physically abused, relatively little attention has been directed towards understanding this phenomenon. This study explored the family characteristics and the behavioral-emotional reactions of 77 adolescents who were physically maltreated. The youths were selected at a number of sites including a runaway shelter, a hospital-based child abuse team, and a protective service unit. Six different patterns of adolescent reaction to abuse were identified: acting-out, depression, generalized anxiety, extreme adolescent adjustment, emotional-thought disturbance, and helplessness-dependency. Abuse toward these youth had been ongoing for an average of nearly five years. As there were no differences in family characteristics and emotional-behavioral reactions between subjects who were abused only during adolescence (including single-incident abuse) and subjects for whom family violence was evident from childhood on, the utility of a developmentally specific system of abuse categorization is questioned. It is suggested that it is the pattern of parent and child interaction rather than the course of the maltreatment that is related to the emotional and behavioral dysfunction of the adolescent victim.