Understanding the concept of professionalisation in sport management research

It has been 80 years since the concept of professionalisation began to take root within the sociology and management disciplines. Similarly, the study of the professionalisation of sport has a relatively prominent and longstanding history within the discipline of sport management. Notwithstanding its continued usage and importance, there has been little systematic attempt to examine how the concept has been operationalised within sport management. In light of this recognition, this review piece draws upon extant sport management, sociological and managerial literature to (i) explore the various ways in which the concept of professionalisation has been employed within sport management, and in doing so, (ii) identifies potential research gaps and future avenues of inquiry within the sport management discipline. The review identifies three broad classifications of professionalisation (organisational, systemic, occupational) and calls for more research surrounding broader conceptualisations of professionalisation that remain relatively unexplored by sport management scholars.     

青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探

根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。     

Organisational communication and its relationships with job satisfaction and organisational commitment of primary school staff in Western Australia

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between aspects of organisational communication and dimensions of job satisfaction and general organisational commitment. Participants were 358 staff members from 35 government primary schools in the state of Western Australia, who completed a survey comprising the Organisational Communication in Primary Schools Questionnaire, the Teacher Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and a five item general organisational commitment scale. Factor analyses established 13 aspects of job satisfaction and 9 dimensions of job satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate interrelationships. The findings suggest several aspects of organisational communication were related to job satisfaction and organisational commitment. This article concludes with implications for future research with regard to communication and for the maintenance of optimal levels of job satisfaction and commitment in schools.     

Impact of the length of relationships upon the use of research institutes by SMEs

Recent studies of US industrial modernisation programmes argue that difficulties of establishing long-term relationships with users prevent them from facilitating development of innovation capabilities. The paper supports this argument through a survey of Japanese research institutes the US programmes were modelled on. In view of information asymmetries in their use, it tests the hypothesis that small and medium-sized firms start using the research institutes with ‘low information gap’ services and gradually move on to ‘high information gap’ services that often require more absorptive capacity. This is demonstrated both under one-to-one relationships and between groups of firms and a research institute.     

基于社会交换理论的新生代员工工作承诺影响机制研究

构建新生代员工的工作承诺模型并着重讨论各维度之间的影响关系。基于多组织268份研究样本,使用结构方程模型进行实证研究发现,工作承诺各维度间影响以工作伦理和目标承诺为驱动力,以工作卷入和职业承诺为中间变量,最终影响主管承诺和组织承诺。研究揭示出新生代员工工作承诺的复杂性和结构性特征与承诺之间的相互影响关系,对人力资源管理实践有重要的借鉴作用。     

职业体育俱乐部的企业社会责任对消费者的长期影响

摘要：以探讨职业体育俱乐部的企业社会责任如何长期影响消费者为研究目的,在2015~2016赛季的开始和结束阶段,分别选取职业体育俱乐部的消费者群体作为研究对象,采用定量问卷调查和定性内容分析相结合的研究方法,探讨我国职业体育俱乐部所履行的企业社会责任对消费者的长期影响。研究结果得出：在一个完整的商业周期内,职业体育俱乐部的企业社会责任对消费者的影响力逐渐增强,职业体育俱乐部的企业社会责任与消费者承诺的关联、消费者对职业体育俱乐部的承诺和消费行为之间的关联、消费者对职业体育俱乐部的承诺和俱乐部绩效之间的关联会随着时间的推移而增强,而企业社会责任和消费者对俱乐部信任之间的关联没有随着时间的推移而改变,承诺和信任两个变量在连接企业社会责任与提高职业体育消费者相关绩效的关联中产生了重要的中介作用,消费者的企业社会责任感知能够对消费者的关联态度产生直接影响,进而影响消费者的关联行为。建议我国职业体育俱乐部从业人员利用所得出的研究结果,有针对性的制定与实施企业社会责任策略,并将消费者的企业社会责任期望与感知整合到本俱乐部的信息营销系统中去,以检测消费者的需要、期望与感知的持续变化。     

体育学科研究生专业承诺、学习倦怠的现状

专业承诺与学习倦怠是反映当前体育学科研究生积极和消极学习心理的两个重要综合指标。探讨了体育学科研究生的专业承诺和学习倦怠的现状,初步揭示了它们之间的关系及影响因素,对于促进体育学科研究生专业学习和心理指导具有实践意义。     

心理契约破裂、组织承诺与员工绩效

本文采用了对252位产生心理契约破裂员工的调查数据,运用结构方程模型对心理契约破裂、组织承诺和员工绩效之间的关系进行分析。结果表明,心理契约破裂三个维度对员工绩效均具有显著的负向影响,但是,三个维度的影响程度存在差异;心理契约破裂对员工绩效影响是通过组织承诺这一中介变量表现出来的。组织承诺在人际维度破裂、发展维度破裂与员工绩效关系中起部分中介作用,在规范维度破裂与员工绩效关系中起完全中介作用。     

P研发团队成员多维忠诚对帮助行为的影响研究/P/FONT

摘要：本文将员工忠诚细分为情感性、持续性、规范性三个基础和组织、团队、主管、职业四个对象,基于社会交换理论和态度－行为的相容性原则,探讨了研发团队员工多基础多对象的员工忠诚对问题解决式和知识分享式两类帮助行为的影响。研究发现,研发团队员工对团队和职业的情感性与规范性忠诚对两类帮助行为都有正向作用,持续性忠诚对两类帮助行为都有负向作用;对组织的情感性忠诚对知识分享式帮助行为有积极影响;而对主管的规范性忠诚对问题解决式帮助行为有消极影响。       

组织承诺会导致创新：目标定向的调节作用

 验证性因素分析显示,组织承诺是一个三维结构,而目标定向是一个二维结构。回归分析发现,感情承诺不仅直接对创新绩效产生影响,当员工表现出成绩目标定向时,这种关系被弱化。另一方面,持续承诺也对创新绩效产生负向影响,并受学习目标定向调节,规范承诺则对创新绩效没有影响。成绩目标定向调节感情承诺和创新绩效之间的关系,但学习目标定向则调节规范承诺和持续承诺与创新绩效之间的关系。本研究的目的是检验组织承诺对员工创新绩效的影响,并探讨目标定向对二者关系的调节作用。文章最后讨论了研究结果的理论、实证和实践的意义。