《上博五·三德》简札记二则

《上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书》第五册里有一批简被命名为《三德》。简1中的"句■",整理者读为"後奮",我们认为"句"应该读如本字,古侯切,今音gōu。句,屈生也。奋,发也。"句奮"的意思就是指草木发芽生长。简6中的"■"字,目前学者们有四种通假意见。四种意见虽各有道理,但并不能令人完全信服。我们根据楚地出土古文字材料中的谐声例证,认为"■"通为"虑",训为"乱"。     

从分科施教到分类育人——高中文理分科问题的纠结与转换

高中文理分科问题正引起社会的热切关注.本文从对高中文理分科的百年历史回顾和其与高考改革及课程改革的纵横经纬中,分析文理分科问题演变的过程和纠结的性质.通过国际比较,提出高中文理分科应该超越分不分科的争论,在理念上从分科施教转向分类育人;并应在终身教育的关照下,重新思考高中教育在人生发展中的意义,重新反思高等教育与高中教...     

高效率音频功率放大器的设计

以D类放大器的原理为基础,设计了一个高效率音频功率放大器,用于对通频带范围为0.002～20 kHz的音频信号进行功率放大。功率放大部分采用+5 V单电源供电,主要由前置放大模块、三角波产生模块、比较器模块、驱动模块、H桥互补对称输出模块构成。整个功放电压放大倍数1～90倍连续可调,效率可达82.0%。在8Ω负载上,最大输出功率为1.24 W,输出波形几乎无失真。系统可测量放大器输出功率并实时显示出来,精度优于4%。此外,还增加了过流保护的功能,负载短路时自动切断功放电源。该音频功率放大器由于其高效率和低耗电的特点在实际中有很好的应用前景。     

〈l,t〉几何凸函数及应用研究

定义了一类新的几何凸函数：〈l,t〉几何凸函数,它们是通常的几何凸函数的更一般形式.同时建立了有关〈l,t〉几何凸函数一系列新的不等式,它们是通常的几何凸函数中某些著名不等式的推广,最后是〈l,t〉几何凸函数的运用.     

纵向数据线性混合模型中M估计的渐近正态性

对纵向数据的线性混合模型yk=Xkβ＋Ckτk＋ek用Fisher得分迭代法得到了参数的M估计（稳健估计）,并在一系列的正则条件下,证明了参数M估计的渐近性质．     

A Ṭā’ifa in Exile: Sayf al-Dawla and the Survival of the Banū Hūd

In 1145–1146, Sayf al-Dawla returned to al-Andalus to create an independent kingdom and return the Banū Hūd of Zaragoza to prominence. His task was a difficult one, not least because he’d spent a decade serving the Christian king Alfonso VII. After a year of campaigning, Sayf al-Dawla secured a base of support in Murcia. However, he died shortly after his coronation in a battle with Christian allies who were allegedly sent by Alfonso to help him. In addition to providing an explanation for the battle and his death, the article examines how Sayf al-Dawla promoted the legitimacy of his state through his coinage, adherence to Andalusī traditions, and a network of fellow exiles. It interprets the Zaragozan ?ā’ifa as a moveable faction rather than a fixed geographical entity and connects Sayf al-Dawla’s kingdom to later movements to demonstrate how his actions preserved the Banū Hūd’s prestige in Andalusī imaginations.     

Fiḍḍa l-Nūbiyya: The Woman and her Role in Early Shīՙite History

The purpose of the present study is to analyse the role played by an important female figure in early Shī?ite history. The person in question is Fi[ddot][ddot]a l-Nūbiyya, the servant-girl of Fā ?ima, the Prophet's daughter. After a long period of neglect by scholars, who have focused on what to their mind were figures of greater import, we shall here attempt to describe the role played by Fi[ddot][ddot]a in early Shī?ite history by way of analysing her biography and her close relations with Fā ?ima and members of the latter's family (?Alī, [Hdot]asan and [Hdot]usayn). We shall further describe what has been reported of Fi[ddot][ddot]a's personality, her family, her admiration for the Prophet's family, Qur?ānic verses which supposedly mention her, and the great respect in which she was held by Fā ?ima's family.     

基于协同表示的目标跟踪算法

提出一种基于协同表示的新的目标跟踪算法.在贝叶斯框架下,采用基于重构误差的观测似然函数和考虑遮挡的模型更新机制设计一个鲁棒的跟踪器.用l₁范数来建模重构误差以更好地容忍奇异值,同时用协同表示对编码系数进行约束.实验结果表明,和其他算法相比,本文算法能够战胜遮挡、尺度变化、光照变化、背景混乱等干扰因素,具有较高的准确度和鲁棒性.     

“None of the Kings on Earth is Their Equal in ʿaṣabiyya”: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldūn's Works

The rise of the Mongol empire was a shock to the Arab world and led many Arab authors to describe these conquerors in decidedly negative terms. The great historian Ibn Khaldūn also discusses the Mongols' rise and their conquests. As a nomadic people they challenged and defeated sedentary populations and founded their own dynasties. Consequently, the Mongol conquests perfectly fit Ibn Khaldūn's theories on ?a?abiyya – which is superior in nomadic groups – and the rise and fall of dynasties. For the Maghrebi historian, the rise of the Mongols was a natural step in the course of history. This consequently colours his view of the Mongols and affects the way he portrays them, especially regarding the themes of violence and religion – recurring themes in many contemporary works dealing with the Mongols – and in his depiction of the Turco-Mongolian conqueror Timur, who is presented in a more favourable light by Ibn Khaldūn than he is in many contemporary works.     

Kinship,Camaraderie and Contestation: Fāṭimid Relations with the Ashrāf in the Fourth/Tenth Century.

The founding of the Fā?imid caliphate across the southern Mediterranean, and then in Egypt, Syria and the ?ijāz at the turn of the fourth/tenth century, necessitated its negotiation with the ashrāf, those who claimed lineal descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and who by this time had gained significant influence as a social class based on their charismatic descent. While other dynastic powers fostered relationships with various members of the ashrāf, the Fā?imid–ashrāf dynamics were distinctive in that the Fā?imids legitimised their rule as Ismā?īlī Shī?ī imām-caliphs, based on their claim of descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and as the sole successors to his authority and leadership over the Islamic world. Consequently, Fā?imid–ashrāf relations were permeated by fraternal camaraderie as well as by competing contestations based on their shared claim to Prophetic lineage.