均衡、多元和信任:芬兰的教育文化

自二战以来,芬兰在尊重本国人民、相信本国人民、依靠本国人民的理念下,从本国人民共享教育理念和教育愿景出发,把教育发展计划作为主要工具,以教育的基本价值理念和长期目标为原则来制订教育政策,经过一系列持续的渐进式改革,逐渐形成了均衡、多元和信任的教育文化.     

我国管理层收购的法律监管应走向何方

管理层收购(又称MBO)是我国国有企业改革中新出现的资产重组形式,对解决我国长期以来的所有者缺位、代理成本、管理效率低下等问题提供一个解决途径。但目前我国法律政策对MBO问题规定不足,导致出现收购主体资格、收购定价、融资渠道、还款能力监督、中小股东以及其他利益相关者保护等方面遭遇障碍。为解决这一系列问题,更好地引导规范MBO使其更好地发挥其经济效用,应从放宽融资渠道、发挥银行的监管作用、发挥信托机构的中介作用、优化公司治理结构、明确管理层责任等角度设计我国MBO法律监管机制。     

论委托人及其在信托关系中的法律地位

委托人是信托关系的设立者,是重要的信托当事人之一。关于委托人的概念及其在信托关系中的法律地位,各国法律有不同的规定,各国学者也有不同主张。笔者认为,在我国信托法中,委托人是指基于对受托人的信任将自己的财产权委托给受托人,形成信托财产,并要求受托人为受益人的利益或特定目的而管理、处分信托财产,自己仍然对管理和处分信托财产的行为享有约定或法定权利的信托当事人;委托人居于信托关系当事人地位,同时也是信托利害关系人。     

基于petri网的自动信任协商理论研究

在以往的自动信任协商研究中,Petri网很少被用于构造策略模型。提出一种基于petri网的自动信任协商进行合理建模和分析,提供了形式化建模方法和验证,并通过VC程序对其进行了模拟验证,达到了对自动信任协商理论研究的目的。     

The intercultural trust paradigm: Studying joint cultural interaction and social exchange in real time over the Internet

Distance transcending technology of the Internet generated a new experimental paradigm for the study of intercultural, or joint cultural interaction between members of different societies. University students from Japan, China, and Taiwan participated in experiments involving participants from their own society and another society in real time using an intercultural trust paradigm derived from a game theoretic and evolutionary approach to social exchange. The modified trust game improves on the Prisoner's Dilemma Game by eliminating greed as an explanation for lack of cooperation: the truster unilaterally decides whether or not to trust their exchange partner, and the allocator then decides whether or not to divide the reward fairly between the two of them. Participants earned real money by playing six rounds of one-shot trust games with three in-group members and three out-group members over the Internet. Across three experiments involving two interacting societies each, Japanese were found to be less trusting and trustworthy exchange partners compared to cultural Chinese. This suggests that Japanese collectivism is based more on long-term assurance networks, whereas Chinese collectivism provides a more expansive, guanxi-based approach to building new social networks. Japanese also showed less in-group favoritism in both trust and trustworthiness (or conditional fairness) at the national-level compared to cultural Chinese, suggesting that culture-specific content (e.g., collective guilt for WWII) may influence ethnocentrism at the national level.     

On‐line relational maintenance strategies and perceptions of partners within exclusively internet‐based and primarily internet‐based relationships

While relational maintenance has been found to be an important aspect of interpersonal relationships within the face‐to‐face world, the nature of relational maintenance among partners within computer‐mediated relationships is a relatively unexplored area. This study examined the use of maintenance strategies and perceptions of relational partners among (N = 178) undergraduate students within exclusively Internet‐based and primarily Internet‐based relationships. The findings indicated that positivity and openness were the most frequently used maintenance strategies. People who used positivity and on‐line activities had higher perceptions of attitude similarity than people using avoidance strategies, and people who used positivity and openness perceived their partner's quality of communication to be higher than those who used other strategies. People maintaining primarily Internet‐based relationships had higher relational communication and background similarity scores than people maintaining exclusively Internet‐based relationships. Finally, people maintaining exclusively Internet‐based relationships had different perceptions of on‐line friends and acquaintances based upon their frequency of on‐line interaction.     

Depressive symptoms and self-harm among youngsters referred to child welfare: The role of trust in caregiver support and communication

Depressive symptoms and self-harm, i.e. non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behaviors, are highly prevalent in youngsters involved in Child Welfare System (CWS) services. Little research investigates, however, why these CWS youngsters are at risk. We explored whether trust in caregiver support and communication about experiences with primary caregivers, are associated with CWS youngsters’ depressive symptoms and/or self-harm. An anonymous online survey of 271 CWS youngsters (10–21 years of age, 57.2% female) was used to assess trust and communication, and depressive symptoms/self-harm. Results showed significant negative associations between self-reported trust in maternal and paternal support, and depressive symptoms/self-harm. Communication about experiences with one’s biological mother mediated the relationship between trust in maternal support and depressive symptoms/self-harm. Furthermore, the presence of an additional trustworthy caregiver buffered the impact of low trust in maternal or paternal support on depressive symptoms/self-harm. Implications for interventions targeting CWS youngsters’ depressive symptoms and self-harm are discussed.     

Facilitating professional learning communities in China: Do leadership practices and faculty trust matter?

This study examined the relationships between leadership practices, faculty trust, and professional learning communities in the context of mainland China. A total of 1,095 Chinese primary school teachers participated in a survey. The results showed that leadership practices had positive effects on faculty trust and professional learning communities. They further showed that trust in colleagues positively, whereas trust in the principal negatively, mediated the relationships between leadership practices and four components of professional learning communities. The negative mediation of trust in the principal may be attributed to Chinese cultural and contextual circumstances. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

The antecedents of customer satisfaction and its link to complaint intentions in online shopping: An integration of justice,technology, and trust

Complaint behaviors are critical to maintaining customer loyalty in an online market. They provide insight into the customer's experience of service failure and help to redress the failures. Previous studies have shown the importance of customer satisfaction as a mediator for complaint intentions. It is important to examine the antecedents of customer satisfaction and its link to complaint intentions. Online shoppers are both buyers of products/services and users of web-based systems. Trust also plays a critical role in forming a psychological state with positive or negative feelings toward e-vendors. In this context, there are three major concerns: justice, technology and trust. This study proposes a research model to combine these issues, in order to investigate complaint intentions. Data were collected from an online survey wherein subjects were encouraged to reflect on recent service failure experiences. The results from testing a structural equation model indicate that distributive and interactional justice contribute significantly to customer satisfaction and, in turn, to complaint intentions, but procedural justice does not. Technology-based features and trust are also important in determining the two target variables. The implications for managers and scholars are also discussed.     

社会资本视域下乡镇党委公推直选发展探析

公推直选制度是党内民主建设和乡村社会建设的重要制度创新,而社会资本代表社会结构和社会文化中个人存在于社会的公共理性,是社会发展的基石,对公推直选的存续具有较强的支撑价值。为此,从社会关系网络、社会道德和信任态度三个维度来审视产生于熟人半熟人社会、易受道德评价影响的而又非常依赖信任品质的乡镇公推直选,探讨在乡镇公推直选中社会资本利用的优势与困境,进而尝试有指向地挖掘社会资本以促进公推直选制度的深入发展。