美国高校培养研究生的方法及其借鉴

美国高校在培养研究生、提高研究生学术水平方面形成了一套行之有效的方法，如严格课堂教学、为研究生反复修改学住论文、让研究生担任教学助手和研究助手、教授坐班为研究生解答问题、鼓励研究生参加学术会议、为研究生提供大量的图书资料和优质的服务等，为中国高校的研究生培养尤其是提高研究生学术水平方面提供了有益的借鉴。     

美国的舆论监督对中国的启示

舆论监督的前提是要充分保障新闻自由;舆论监督的基础是健全新闻法制体系;舆论监督的标尺是要加强媒体自律;舆论监督的目的是要赋予受众话语权。考察中国新闻史,政治清明、新闻自由和舆论监督这三者的发展程度是成正比的。     

《斯密斯-休斯法》与美国职业教育发展及启示

美国国会于1917年颁布的《斯密斯-休斯法》是美国职业教育发展史上具有重大意义的教育法令。《斯密斯-休斯法》的颁布实施,奠定了美国发展中等职业技术教育的法律基础和可靠的资金保障,为美国中等职业技术教育的发展输送了大批的师资和管理人才,对20世纪美国中等职业技术教育的迅猛发展产生了极其重大的影响。我国职业技术教育改革应借鉴美国利用立法发展职业技术教育的经验,大力改进我国的职业教育立法工作,不断促进我国职业技术教育的可持续发展。     

美国的成人高等教育综述

美国举办成人教育的机构多种多样,社会各界都直接举办成人教育,接受成人教育的人数庞大。高等学校和企业是美国举办成人高等教育的主要机构。美国普通高校中有3/4兼办成人教育,成人教育中有44%的学员是由普通高校系统培养的。美国约有400家大型企业自办了“大学”、“学院”或“教育中心”,开设的课程数以千计。     

Evaluation of parenting,depression and violence profiles in methadone maintained women

Twenty-one patients of the Family Center Program for pregnant drug dependent women were studied employing tools which indicate potential ability to parent or risk of child abuse. The Profile of Mood States and Beck Depression Inventory were administered, and a Violence Questionnaire was self-administered to ascertain the presence of physical or sexual abuse in the mothers' lives. These results were compared to an assessment of parenting ability as well as general demographics and urinalyses which indicate whether the mothers were taking any drugs in addition to their methadone. Results revealed that there were strong relationships between parenting ability and abusive life events, prenatal clinic attendance, use of depressant drugs, number of children, age, and education and/or employment. These variables were also interrelated with depression, abnormal mood states, and general drug abuse. It appears that while polydrug abuse, psychological problems, and stressful life events are strong indicators of poor parenting ability, the successfully methadone maintained woman who does not feel the need to supplement her methadone with other drugs, whose life has stabilized, and who is relatively normal in her affect and mood, has a strong potential for good childrearing ability.     

英美特殊关系与美加特殊关系之比较

国家之间联盟是国际关系中最重要的内容之一。美国作为当今最受瞩目的世界第一大强国,积极追求其"单极世界"的世界霸权,同时也积极拉拢一些其他国家来达到自己的政治目的。英国、加拿大两国分别是美国在欧洲和美洲的传统盟友,比较两大联盟的异同点可帮助我们考察美国以及西方国家在处理外交关系上的一些基本原则和因素。     

专利视角下中国C9与美国IVY联盟科技创新能力的对比研究

论文以中国C9和美国IVY联盟为研究对象,从专利申请概况、专利授权、专利有效维持、PCT、专利布局、技术热点、国际合作及专利转移转化等维度,对比分析中国C9和美国IVY联盟的科技创新能力,进而明晰专利视角下两个学术顶尖联盟的优势与差距,为提高中国高校的国际竞争力提供改进方向,加快"双一流"建设进程,为提高国家的综合实力乃至国际竞争力做出贡献。     

A 10-year follow-up survey of US academic libraries highlights the COVID-19 experience and greater interest in health information outreach

Background

As follow-up to their previous survey on health information outreach (HIO) in 2010, the authors became interested in the evolving nature of HIO activities at academic libraries within the past decade.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to understand how HIO activities at academic libraries have evolved since 2010, especially considering the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

An online survey, designed to collect quantitative data on general HIO activities and qualitative data specifically on COVID-19 information outreach, was distributed to over 1700 librarians at US general academic and academic health science libraries.

Results

Two hundred and fifty-five respondents completed the survey. Quantitative findings generally paralleled the 2010 results, except in a few areas. Most notably, a greater percentage of librarians in 2020 were participating in HIO (44%) than in 2010 (37%). Qualitative findings revealed that librarians are leveraging traditional information services and implementing innovative partnerships to promote reputable health information resources on COVID-19.

Discussion

Evidence suggests that further engagement and campus partnerships can enhance libraries' supportive roles as trustworthy purveyors of quality health information.

Conclusion

US academic librarians are increasingly engaging in HIO to support the health information needs of campus communities and should consider aligning outreach activities with national health goals.     

Globalization and higher education in Southern California: views from the professoriate

In this study, faculty at institutions of higher education in Southern California were surveyed to determine the ways they interpret the effects of globalization dynamics upon their various teaching and research activities. Faculty in the state’s three higher education tiers spoke positively about the intellectual benefits to be gained by exposure to different worldviews made possible by an increasingly diverse faculty and student body. Divisions were noted among the different tiers, however, with respect to their disparate levels of engagement with the private sector. The private sector was seen as having a negative impact upon the public sector’s research agenda while simultaneously being embraced by faculty at the community colleges. Faculty at the research institutions were typically critical of the overarching neoliberal paradigm and spoke in political terms about the ways this largely economic‐efficiency model was reorienting their teaching and research roles.