The conservative backlash argument controverted: carnivalesque,comedy, and respect in Rocky

The 1976 film Rocky is not the catalyst for conservative backlash that scholars of American cinema and culture have long made it out to be. Through detailed analysis this essay reveals two counterposed dramas: an epic race rivalry conceived by Creed, and a low mimetic comedy that sees Balboa integrated in his local community. The epic dissolves in carnivalesque play and gives way to the earnest local drama of building relationships. Rocky embodies some progressive ideals for race and class under the general theme of respect; it also manifests the men’s liberation movement against the classical male machine. As a pivotal film for critical conceptions of US cinema and culture after 1975, my reappraisal of Rocky challenges ideological criticism’s prevailing paradigm.     

Back to the future on gender and anti‐school boys: a response to Jeffrey Smith

This article examines recent claims by Jeffrey Smith that: (1) ‘hegemonic masculinity’ is an expression of working class counter‐school culture; (2) some teachers are ‘cultural accomplices’ in constructing ‘hegemonic masculinities’ of anti‐school working class boys, thereby contributing to their underachievement; and (3) these ‘cultural accomplices’ are an emerging response to recent moral panics and neo‐liberal managerialism concerned with ‘failing boys’ at school. It is suggested that ‘hegemonic masculinity’ is not necessarily associated with anti‐school values in working class culture. Many working class boys might subscribe to ‘hegemonic masculinity’ without rejecting learning. Contrary to Smith’s emphasis on how working class culture generates anti‐school ‘hegemonic masculinity’, there is the possibility that ‘hegemonic masculinity’ is fused with anti‐school values produced by organisational differentiation. The continuing commonalities between working class anti‐school boys and the ‘gender regime’ of some secondary schools for over 20 years implies something more enduring at work than recent moral panics.     

Football,Masculinities and Health on the Gaza Strip

This analysis is built on two questions: first, what discourses of a masculinity of resistance maintaining a sense of normality under abnormal conditions are drawn from the interviews of the footballers referred to in this article, and second, to what extent is football experienced as and felt to be a ‘free space of health’ for the Gaza players in a context of war and blockade and in relation to the situation before 2007. To answer these questions, the author interviewed, during July 2011, male athletes, coaches and managers in nine football clubs in Khan Younis and Gaza City. She also conducted 18 qualitative interviews during November 2011 with footballers in the two top Gaza leagues in Rafah, Khan Younis, Gaza City and Shati Prison Camp.     

体育应对高校男生女性化的路径及机制研究

高校男生受多维因素影响,存在体质、心理和社会适应层面的女性化危机。体育的应对逻辑有四个方面:一是体育的美学特性有利于破解大学生扭曲的审美偏差,二是体育的健康属性有利于构建大学生积极的生活方式,三是体育的竞争对抗有利于塑造大学生卓越的男子气概,四是体育的规则教育有利于培育大学生正确的社会责任。高校体育应从四条路径上构建男生女性化问题的应对机制:第一,构建高校体育美育协同机制,建立大学生积极向上的审美观;第二,基于生活化推进体育课程改革,引导大学生建立健康生活方式;第三,搭建大学体育竞技对抗平台,培育大学生崇尚竞争的气概和信仰;第四,深化开展体育规则教育,培育大学生的社会责任感和使命感。     

男性气概与女性气质:《辛柏林》中的性别象征与早期现代英国民族性

《辛柏林》是莎士比亚创作的传奇戏剧。该剧通过对英国王室贵族男性气概和女性气质的艺术刻画,以及对男性社群内部、男性与女性之间紧张关系的细腻描写,揭示出性别象征与早期现代英国民族性的内在关联。男主人公波塞摩斯与两位王子的男性气概是早期现代英国民族性的性别象征;王后与公主伊摩琴则分别代表了野蛮、邪恶与温柔、贞洁两种女性气质,这两种女性气质威胁着早期现代英国民族性的塑造。剧中对两位王子身上女性气质的描写,以及对公主伊摩琴在男性社群中联结作用的展现,反映出莎士比亚对其所处时代性别等级极端二元化的反思;结尾处公主伊摩琴与波塞摩斯缔结婚姻则表达了莎士比亚"温柔与力量相结合"的民族性想象。