慢性荨麻疹病因探讨

荨麻疹是一种常见病、多发病，其病因及病理机制非常复杂，大多数患者找不到确切的病因，尤其是慢性荨麻疹，临床表现迁延、顽固，治疗效果差。人们认为可能是多种因素过敏，引起炎症介质的释放所致．目前关于该病的病因、病理机制研究的较多，归纳为以下几个方面。     

过量补钙也易造成肾结石

轰动全国的“三鹿奶粉事件”,使越来越多的家长关注起了婴幼儿肾结石问题。就医学而言,泌尿系统结石是指一些晶体物和有机质在肾脏等泌尿道的异常积聚。泌尿系统结石临床表现差异较大,轻者无症状,典型者表现为腰痛和血尿,部分可出现尿频、尿急、尿痛等尿路感染的症状．严重者可导致尿路梗阻和肾功能损伤。结石成分主要为6种,按所占比例高低顺序排列如下：草酸钙、磷酸钙、磷酸铵镁、尿酸（尿酸盐）、胱氨酸及黄嘌呤结石。     

Effects of three fluid resuscitation methods on apoptosis of visceral organs in rats with hemorrhagic shock

INTRODUCTION Hemorrhagic shock is a common clinic emer- gency case. Successful treatment includes surgical control of hemorrhage and restoration of tissue per- fusion. Current guidelines for presurgical treatment of patients with hemorrhagic shock recommend rapid volume resuscitation to normal blood pressure as quickly as possible. The practice is controversial because aggressive restoration of intravascular vol- ume and rapid increasing of blood pressure before securing hemostasis may ex…