安徽芜湖方言中"各吃了"语法化的共时分析

“各吃了”在安徽芜湖方言中独具特色,语用中可表方言中“各”句式疑问功能,又可表礼貌功能,并且后者在方言区内呈强势。这是语法化的产物,语法化的过程还在继续。     

Comparing the effectiveness of video and stereoscopic 360° virtual reality-supported instruction in high school biology courses

The promise of using immersive technologies in learning has increasingly been attracting researchers' and practitioners' attention. However, relevant empirical works are usually conducted in fully controlled Virtual Reality (VR) laboratories, as opposed to conventional settings. This quasi-experimental study compares the effectiveness of video learning resources to that of stereoscopic 360° VR, as supplements to the traditional instructional approach. The potential of such methods was examined in high school settings, in the context of the ‘Life and Evolution’ module, with participants (n = 70) divided equally into control and experimental groups. As a point of reference (control condition), we considered the adoption of Video Learning Resources, as students are more acquainted with this instructional method. In the intervention approach (experimental condition), students adopted the use of low-end mobile-VR (VeeR Mini VR Goggles). The key findings indicate differences in the learning motivation, confidence and satisfaction, but no statistically significant difference was identified regarding the factual or conceptual knowledge gains. The study offers insights on the potential of the investigated technologies in the subject of secondary school Biology and further provides implications for theory and practice.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Researchers' interest over the potential of Virtual Reality on different STEM disciplines is increasing consistently.
• An increasing number of efforts can be identified discussing the integration of multimedia learning resources in the secondary school context.
• Empirical studies on the subject of Biology are focusing on students' academic performance and achievement but not on learning motivation and satisfaction.

What this paper adds

• This quasi-experimental study comparatively examines academic performance, with the focus being on learning motivation and satisfaction, across different modalities (stereoscopic 360° Virtual Reality applications-VR, Video Learning Recourses-VLR).
• The findings demonstrate that both instructional methods are sufficient in enhancing students' knowledge acquisition and academic performance.
• The adoption of stereoscopic 360° VR influences students' learning motivation and impacts long-term memory retention.

Implications for practice and policy

• Educators are advised to consider the systematic adoption of “immersive” multimedia tools to enhance the subject of Biology as they can greatly encourage scientific inquiry.
• Instructional designers are advised to adopt open educational resources aligned to the curriculum of the local context.
• Educational researchers are advised to integrate stereoscopic 360°-VR solutions in the conventional classroom settings.

     

双被告制度的检视与重构——基于《行政复议法》的修订背景

双被告制度创设伊始是"解决行政复议现实问题的中药"，实际却"制约行政复议改革"，如此反差值得深思。2020年《中华人民共和国行政复议法（修订）（征求意见稿）》对程序标的和复议决定效力的改变否定了双被告制度，应值此契机进行制度检视。为纠正维持率过高，基于"复议决定可诉"和"一体化理论"构建，双被告制度具有强烈问题导向性，存有降低维持率有限、实践中附带影响大、理论内在冲突等弊病。应取消双被告制度并围绕行政复议新时代功能定位就复议队伍和监督体系进行重构，助力行政复议法治愿景实现。