国外人工智能教学应用研究综述

人工智能技术在教育教学中的应用日渐丰富,国内关于人机协同的研究多偏向于宏观理论探索,实践研究较少。鉴于此,研究以近三年三本具有国际影响力的期刊中人工智能教学应用相关文献为样本,以人工智能局部替代教学、赋能教学为焦点,分析国外人工智能教学应用研究现状。从中可以看出,当前国外研究者在探索认知特征、学习本质和教育规律的基础上,关注将机器学习、逻辑推理、自然语言理解等人工智能技术嵌入各类教学、学习、决策等工具、系统、平台中,支持构建体验学习情境、规范学习行为、评估学业水平和能力结构、制定个性化学习路径和内容等研究,旨在通过人机协同优化教学方式与路径,为学习者提供个性化学习服务。这些研究成果对开发人工智能教学产品、理解学习的本质、探索教学规律等提供了方法指导和可供借鉴的研究范式,但也存在人工智能教学应用研究狭窄化、碎片化、微观化等问题,后期还需从宏观、中观层面开展人工智能与教学的关系研究、人工智能教学应用关键技术研究、人工智能赋能教师的理论基础研究、人工智能与教学融合形态研究、人机协同背景下的教师人工智能教学应用素养研究等。     

浅谈内隐学习及其对大学英语教学的启示

人的学习活动是外显过程与内隐过程的统一,传统的教育与学习理论只注重以理性思维为核心的外显学习过程,却忽视了普遍存在的、无需耗费认知资源的高效内隐学习过程。本文着眼于内隐学习并试图对其在英语教学中的应用作出探讨与解释。     

论互文性理论对电影《人工智能》叙事艺术的阐释

2001年,由斯蒂芬.斯皮尔伯格编剧并执导的电影《人工智能》上映后引起巨大的反响,该电影改编自英国作家布赖恩.W.奥尔迪斯于1969年发表的短篇小说《永恒的夏天：寻求母爱的人工智能男孩》。互文性理论是由法国符号学家朱丽娅·克里斯蒂娃提出的,后被众多学者补充发展,这一理论的提出为理解文本提供了一个新的视角。     

BP网络在基坑工程变形预测中的应用研究

本文提出了基坑工程施工过程中地表沉降预测的BP网络分析方法，建立和编制了在各种条件下均能类似应用的预测网络模型和计算程序，并结合一实例，结果是令人满意的。     

强化网络课件中的学习效果评价

本文从四个方面讨论了在网络课件中加入“学习效果评价”模块的必要性,并以“数据结构网络课件”为个案,介绍了“学习效果评价”模块的设计方法和开发过程,把网络课件与人工智能技术相结合,对“数据结构网络课件”中存在的问题提出了改进思路。     

电子政务风险评估方法

分析了电子政务中的静态风险评估方法,并在此基础上提出将基于人工免疫的动态风险评估方法应用于电子政务系统中,该方法实时监控电子政务系统中的风险状态,根据免疫系统中的抗体浓度得到当前系统遭受的风险,反馈到整个电子政务系统中,阻止系统的危险活动,提高电子政务系统的安全。     

Research and application advances in rehabilitation assessment of stroke

Stroke has a high incidence and disability rate, and rehabilitation is an effective means to reduce the disability rate of patients. To systematize rehabilitation assessment, which is the foundation for rehabilitation therapy, we summarize the assessment methods commonly used in research and clinical applications, including the various types of stroke rehabilitation scales and their applicability, and related biomedical detection technologies, including surface electromyography (sEMG), motion analysis systems, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and combinations of different techniques. We also introduce some assessment techniques that are still in the experimental phase, such as the prospective application of artificial intelligence (AI) with optical correlation tomography (OCT) in stroke rehabilitation. This review provides a useful bibliography for the assessment of not only the severity of stroke injury, but also the therapeutic effects of stroke rehabilitation, and establishes a solid base for the future development of stroke rehabilitation skills.     

基于政策量化的人工智能政策对制造业就业的影响研究

在对人工智能政策量化的基础上,研究人工智能政策对制造业就业的影响,并分类探讨我国内地各省市的人工智能政策效应。研究发现,人工智能政策对制造业就业的影响正逐渐显露,较早颁布区域性人工智能政策的省市,人工智能政策对制造业就业的影响也较大,市场拉动型人工智能政策较其它类型政策的效应明显,科技经费投入和制造业就业显著负相关。     

基于专利数据的中国区域智能芯片技术创新图谱研究

通过智能芯片技术创新聚类图谱分析，识别中国智能芯片技术创新路径；从区域层面分析和比较京津冀、长三角、粤港澳+台湾、中西部地区、东部地区的中国智能芯片技术创新关键主体分布，及其研发合作关系特征，为中国智能芯片创新发展政策的制定提供参考。研究发现：（1）中国智能芯片技术创新路径可分为延续传统计算架构、打造量子芯片、研发类脑芯片3条路径；（2）中国智能芯片技术创新主体分布呈现出长三角地区、京津冀地区聚焦智能芯片技术创新全赛道，粤港澳地区聚焦传统赛道，中西部地区多为高校与科研院所，聚焦智能芯片的实验室研发；（3）中国智能芯片技术创新主体的研发合作关系演化呈现关键创新主体的研发合作规模逐渐缩小，合作关系逐渐稳健，合作网络时空发展向“地缘性+业缘性”演化，研发合作方向逐渐呈现两极化的态势。     

Assessing behavioral data science privacy issues in government artificial intelligence deployment

In today's global culture where the Internet has established itself as the main tool for communication and commerce, the capability to massively analyze and predict citizens' behavior has become a priority for governments in terms of collective intelligence and security. At the same time, in the context of novel possibilities that artificial intelligence (AI) brings to governments in terms of understanding and developing collective behavior analysis, important concerns related to citizens' privacy have emerged. In order to identify the main uses that governments make of AI and to define citizens' concerns about their privacy, in the present study, we undertook a systematic review of the literature, conducted in-depth interviews, and applied data-mining techniques. Based on our results, we classified and discussed the risks to citizens' privacy according to the types of AI strategies used by governments that may affect collective behavior and cause massive behavior modification. Our results revealed 11 uses of AI strategies used by the government to improve their interaction with citizens, organizations in cities, services provided by public institutions or the economy, among other areas. In relation to citizens' privacy when AI is used by governments, we identified 8 topics related to human behavior predictions, intelligence decision making, decision automation, digital surveillance, data privacy law and regulation, and the risk of behavior modification. The paper concludes with a discussion of the development of regulations focused on the ethical design of citizen data collection, where implications for governments are presented aimed at regulating security, ethics, and data privacy. Additionally, we propose a research agenda composed by 16 research questions to be investigated in further research.