裁判员的体态语言对足球比赛的调控作用探悉

依据体态语言的理论,分析了足球裁判员运用体态语言来调控比赛的必要性,并对其运用方式进行了探悉,指出了在运用中要注意的若干问题。     

Exploring the limits in microgravity

The opportunity to carry out experiments in the absence of gravity has always interested CAS scientists. Studies have been implemented via, for instance, Russian Mir Space Station and China＇s space flights ever since the establishment of the National Microgravity Laboratory （NML） at the CAS Institute of Mechanics （IMECI-I） in the late 1990s. In addition to the concern about the effects of the weightlessness on humans sent into space, they are also interested in its effects on the reproductive and developmental cycles of plants and animals as well as other physical and chemical phenomena.     

A meta-analysis of the drive for muscularity's relationships with exercise behaviour,disordered eating,supplement consumption,and exercise dependence

ABSTRACT

We examined the drive for muscularity's (DFM) relationships with exercise behaviour, disordered eating, supplement consumption, and exercise dependence in males. By searching electronic databases, manually reviewing journal tables of contents and retrieved article reference lists, and corresponding with leading researchers, we identified 77 studies. A random effects model was applied to perform analyses and we adjusted results for possible publication bias. The average effect sizes (r) the DFM had with weight training (.31), non-weight training (.11), disordered eating (.30), supplement consumption (.36), and exercise dependence (.43) were significant (P < .05). The relationship between the attitudes and behavioural subscales of the DFM Scale (r = .47) was significant (P < .001). For supplement consumption, moderator analysis indicated that r varied significantly for questionnaire type and participant status (student versus non-student, P < .01). The small to moderate relationships indicate the value of adopting theoretical perspectives allowing the examination of the DFM's role in predicting exercise and dietary behaviour within a broader psychosocial context. Most researchers have studied these relationships in isolation. The relationship between the two DFM subscales implies that the questionnaire total score may better represent a commitment to muscularity rather than a drive per se.     

Validity of Activity Trackers in Estimating Energy Expenditure During High-Intensity Functional Training

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement of five commercially available accelerometers in estimating energy expenditure while performing an acute bout of high-intensity functional training (HIFT). Methods: Participants (n = 47; average age: 28.5 ± 11.6 years) consisted of recreationally active, healthy adults. Each participant completed a session of HIFT: a 15-minute workout consisting of 12 repetitions each of air-squats, sit-ups, push-ups, lunges, pull-ups, steps-ups, and high-knees; performed circuit-style by completing as many rounds as possible. During this session, each participant wore the Cosmed K4b2 portable metabolic analyzer (PMA) and five different accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X, Nike Fuelband, Fitbit One, Fitbit Charge HR, and Jawbone UP Move). Results: Four of the five activity trackers reported lower (p < .05) total EE values compared to the PMA during the acute bout of HIFT. The waist-mounted device (ActiGraph, 182.55 ± 37.93 kcal) was not significantly different from, and most closely estimated caloric expenditure compared to the PMA (144.99 ± 37.13 kcal) (p = .056). A repeated-measures ANOVA showed that all activity trackers were significantly different from the reference measure (PMA) (p < .05). Systematic relative agreement between the activity trackers was calculated, exhibiting a significant ICC = 0.426 (F [46,230] = 5.446 [p < .05]). Conclusion: The wrist- and hip-mounted activity trackers did not accurately assess energy expenditure during HIFT exercise. With the exception of the ActiGraph GT3X, the remaining four activity trackers showed inaccurate estimates of the amount of kilocalories expended during the HIFT exercise bout compared to the PMA.     

湖南科技学院学生体质健康现状的研究

本文运用文献资料法,数理统计法和比较分析法,对湖南科技学院8102名大学生的体质健康现状进行了测试调查,试图对大学生的身体形态,机能和素质进行比较分析,以揭示我校学生体质健康现状.     

负重有氧练习对女大学生身体成分影响初探

为了探讨女大学生减肥的有效方法,将随机取样的女大学生分为具有可比性的两组.实验组背负10%体重的外加负荷进行3～4周的有氧运动练习;对照组在常规情况下进行相同时间的非负重有氧练习.实验结果显示,负重组有氧运动锻炼后,学生的身体成分有更明显的改善.     

高等师范体育专业健美操考试模式的初步研究

考试方法改革是教育改革的重要课题。在健美操教学中采取把教学评价纳入人才培养的整体教学模式之中，运用新的考试模式使考试真正成为激励学生学习的手段，体现了素质教育强调的能力培养及综合素质提高与发展的新要求，提高了教学质量．     

高校体育舞蹈形体教学中体态美的有效训练措施

随着我国教育事业的不断发展,注重对高校学生的综合素质培养,提升学生的审美情趣、审美意识已经成为了各个高校教学的主要目标。在体育舞蹈形体教学中,注重学生的体态美是进行实践教学过程中的重要组成部分。在高校的体育舞蹈形体教学中,注重学生的体态美教学不仅能够提升学生的审美情趣和审美意识,还能够有效地培养学生的艺术气质和艺术修养,让学生散发出一种独特的艺术底蕴和修养。基于此,该文主要探究了高校体育舞蹈形体教学中体态美的有效训练措施,以期能够全面提升高校学生的艺术气质和综合素质。     

苗族鼓舞运动对农村青年妇女身体形态指标影响的研究

为了了解苗族鼓舞运动对农村青年妇女身体形态的影响,本研究随机抽取农村女年青苗族鼓舞队员30名为实验组,再随机抽取30名农村青年妇女为对照组,年龄均在20-25岁之间。分别对两组进行身体形态指标的测试。结果显示：苗族鼓舞运动能降低青年农村妇女的体脂百分比,皮褶厚度下降,腰围、臀围明显减小,使三围的比例更为合理,身体形态得到明显改善。     

优秀游泳运动员高原训练期间身体机能指标的比较分析

本文对两组优秀游泳男子运动员在青海高原训练期间的生理、生化指标进行比较和分析,以探讨游泳项目运动员在海拔2 366m训练期间身体机能的变化规律、差异及原因,为科学合理的安排和实施高原训练提供依据。结果表明虽然都在海拔2366m的青海多巴进行高原训练,但两组优秀游泳运动员的RBC、Hgb、HCT、SpO2指标表现不同的变化趋势,而MCV、WBC、PLT、晨BUN、晨脉指标表现出相同的变化规律,分析原因与两组运动员高原训练目的、训练安排的不同有关。