浅谈降低接地装置接地电阻的几种措施

根据通信电力网中接地引起的电网事故,就降低接地装置的接地电阻进行了探讨,并提出了建设性意见.     

An investigation of the accuracy and reliability of body composition assessed with a handheld electrical impedance myography device

The purpose of this study was to compare the body fat per cent (BF%) assessed with a unique handheld electrical impedance myography (EIM) device, along with other popular methods, to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Participants included 33 males (aged 24.3?±?4.6 years) and 38 females (aged 25.3?±?8.9 years) who completed 2 visits separated by 24–72?h. The assessments included DXA, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), skinfold measures (SKF), and three separate EIM measurements. No significant differences in BF% (P?>?0.05) were found between all EIM assessments when compared against DXA for both males and females for each visit. All methods showed no significant differences in BF% (P?>?0.05) between days within themselves. Across both days, the standard error of the estimate (SEE) for the EIM measurements ranged from 2.66% to 3.15%, the SEE for BIA was 2.80 and 2.85, and for SKF was 2.90 and 2.82. The 95% limits of agreement ranged from ±5.34% to ±6.38% for EIM measurements and were highest for SKF (±7.42% and ±7.47%). The total error for both days was largest for SKF (5.20% and 5.35%) and lowest for the EIM measurements (2.48–3.24%). This investigation supports use of a handheld EIM device as an accurate and reliable method of estimating BF% compared to DXA in young, apparently healthy individuals with BF% in the range of 10–22% for males and 20–32% in females and suggests this EIM device be considered a viable alternative to other established field measurements in this population.     

Teachers’ perceptions of Incorporated Management Committees as a form of school-based management in Hong Kong

The policy of the registration of School Management Committees (SMCs) as Incorporated Management Committees (IMCs) has led to a dispute between the School Sponsoring Bodies (SSBs) and the Education and Manpower Bureau (EMB, renamed Education Bureau, EDB in July 2007) and has caused great tension between the two parties. However, in this heated debate, little has been heard about teachers’ opinions on this important issue. Therefore, this study aims at finding out teachers’ perceptions of the newly proposed school management system and whether they are willing to participate in IMCs. In this study, 585 questionnaires were collected from a total of 652 which had been distributed to 25 schools (19 secondary schools and 9 primary schools), and five teacher representatives from five schools were involved in post-survey interviews. Findings from this study show that while the teachers were generally in favour of working hand in hand with the public (e.g. parents, alumni and members of the local community) for the betterment of schools, they had reservations about the registration of SMCs as IMCs because there would be legal implications of the Committees. Second, the teachers saw the IMCs as an administrative tool to improve school management, rather than as a means of enhancing students’ learning outcomes. Third, teachers were hesitant about taking up the posts of teacher managers due to the unpredictable workload and legal liability involved. Finally, teachers from Christian schools were generally much less in favour of including representatives from the public and the registration of the SMCs as IMCs. The findings imply that the EMB has a responsibility to clarify the legal implications of IMCs and the ways in which school representatives’ interests can be safeguarded. At the same time, SSBs need to regulate their management pattern and allow more transparency and accountability in managing their schools.

真义体育的体育争议

真义体育解构大体育基于的是相异的理论范式,两者商谈体育本质逻辑基点不一致;以身心二元身体观为支撑的体育观不能培养完善的人;体育总是处于特定历史环境,契合社会人以及社会的需求,不能抽空历史谈体育;体育是一个多义词,应当跳出教育的体育看身体文化的体育;最后提出认识体育须持历史的、发展的、实践的眼光。     

健身气功·易筋经的产生及价值研究

运用文献资料法、逻辑推理法等,对国家体育总局健身气功管理中心组织创编的“健身气功·易筋经”新功法的产生、特点、价值等问题进行了较为系统的分析。并在全面剖析健身气功发展状况的基础上,提出了具体的建议。     

Learning by explaining orally or in written form? Text complexity matters

In this experiment, we examined whether linguistic text complexity affects effects of explaining modality on students’ learning. Students (N = 115) read a high-complex and a low-complex text. Additionally, they generated a written or an oral explanation to a fictious peer. A control group of students retrieved the content. For the low-complex text, we found no significant differences between conditions. For the high-complex text, oral explaining yielded better comprehension than writing explanations. The retrieval condition showed the lowest performance. Mediation analyses revealed that the effect of explaining modality while learning from the high-complex text was mediated by the personal references and the comprehensiveness of the generated explanations. Our findings suggest that the effect of explaining modality emerges when students are required to learn from difficult texts. Furthermore, they show that oral explaining is effective as, likely due to increases of social presence, it triggers distinct generative processes during explaining.     

Relationship of proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength with the balance control among older adults

BackgroundBalance impairment is one of the strongest risk factors for falls. Proprioception, cutaneous sensitivity, and muscle strength are 3 important contributors to balance control in older adults. The relationship that dynamic and static balance control has to proprioception, cutaneous sensitivity, and muscle strength is still unclear. This study was performed to investigate the relationship these contributors have to dynamic and static balance control.MethodsA total of 164 older adults (female = 89, left dominant = 15, age: 73.5 ± 7.8 years, height: 161.6 ± 7.1 cm, weight: 63.7 ± 8.9 kg, mean ± SD) participated in this study. It tested the proprioception of their knee flexion/extension and ankle dorsi/plantarflexion, along with cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe, first and fifth metatarsals, arch, and heel, and the muscle strength of their ankle dorsi/plantarflexion and hip abduction. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the root mean square (RMS) of the center of pressure (CoP) were collected as indications of dynamic and static balance control. A partial correlation was used to determine the relationship between the measured outcomes variables (BBS and CoP-RMS) and the proprioception, cutaneous sensitivity, and muscle strength variables.ResultsProprioception of ankle plantarflexion (r = –0.306, p = 0.002) and dorsiflexion (r = –0.217, p = 0.030), and muscle strength of ankle plantarflexion (r = 0.275, p = 0.004), dorsiflexion (r = 0.369, p < 0.001), and hip abduction (r = 0.342, p < 0.001) were weakly to moderately correlated with BBS. Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion (r = 0.218, p = 0.020) and cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe (r = 0.231, p = 0.041) and arch (r = 0.285, p = 0.002) were weakly correlated with CoP-RMS in the anteroposterior direction. Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion (r = 0.220, p = 0.035), knee flexion (r = 0.308, p = 0.001) and extension (r = 0.193, p = 0.040), and cutaneous sensitivity at the arch (r = 0.206, p = 0.028) were weakly to moderately correlated with CoP-RMS in the mediolateral direction.ConclusionThere is a weak-to-moderate relationship between proprioception and dynamic and static balance control, a weak relationship between cutaneous sensitivity and static balance control, and a weak-to-moderate relationship between muscle strength and dynamic balance control.     

青少年跨栏运动员多项素质选材的探讨

跨栏跑在田径运动中是一项具有较高技术含量的项目，对运动员的素质要求较高，要达到高水平的竞技能力，抓好青少年运动员的初级选材十分重要。本文以青少年跨栏运动员的选材入手，从身体形态、专项素质、专项成绩指标、机能测试等几个方面简要论述少年跨栏运动员的选材。     

媒介舆论视域下中国近代体育历史变迁解读*

运用文献资料法、历史分析法,采用媒介舆论与体育建构的理论分析框架,解读1840-1927年中国近代体育的历史变迁.研究发现:从身体的视角看,中国近代体育话语经历了从技术主导到精神诉求再到文化启蒙的"身体话语"演变路径;从议程设置的嬗变看,近代媒介所设置的体育议程经历了从洋务时期的"西洋兵操",到维新时期的"尚力、贵武",再到清末对学校体育教育的关注,五四时期的体育则成为社会公共议题,在媒介舆论的引导下,国人逐步认识到体育的竞技、健身、娱乐价值;从传播方式的变迁看,中国体育近代化历程在一定程度上是在报刊舆论的引导下,"不自觉"——"自觉"两种不同方式的呈现,彼此交互融合,共同推进;从舆论引导的主体看,则经历了从士绅精英到思想家精英再到知识精英的变化轨迹.