试论成吉思汗的社会及家庭分工思想

成吉思汗是一位具有平等职业观念、辩证分工思想、注重实际、敢于向他人学习、勇于社会实践、善于发展自己、有开放型思维方式的开明君主。他平等对待各种职业，重视发展蒙古农业、手工业和商业贸易，开创了一条以牧为主，多种经营的民族经济发展之路。他提倡男女平等，制定和实施灵活而辩证的家庭分工原则，有效利用了牧区剩余劳动力，解放和发展了草原生产力，极大地推动了蒙古社会的进步．如今，继承和发杨这一优秀文化传统，对于提高整个民族素质，顺应时代潮流，走向市场经济，都具有十分重要的理论和现实的启发意义。     

CAS视角下企业正式及非正式网络互动适应环境的理论框架

社交新时代的到来使企业内正式及非正式网络互动问题愈发突出。主流理论往往将企业内正式及非正式因素割裂开来讨论;而少数尝试分析组织内正式和非正式网络互动的研究还停留在概念界定不完整、研究关系静态的阶段,难以反映正式和非正式网络互动影响企业的全貌。CAS理论提供了崭新的思路。在系统分析以往理论研究的基础上,基于CAS视角并结合社会网络分析了企业正式及非正式网络互动适应环境的现象、机理、权变情境等问题,构建了企业通过正式和非正式网络互动适应环境相关问题的理论框架,希望从根本上推动主流理论关注组织内正式及非正式因素整合,弥补现有研究存在不完整和静态的不足,并为实践界设计正式和非正式网络适应环境提供指导。     

面向未来的中国科学院脑科学与类脑智能研究——强化基础研究,推进深度融合

脑科学与类脑智能技术相互借鉴、相互融合代表了未来脑科学与类脑智能研究的新趋势。中科院在脑科学研究上具有深厚积累和特色优势,率先启动了"脑功能联结图谱"战略性先导科技专项(B类),选择感知觉、学习记忆等几种重要大脑功能,绘制其神经环路图谱,解析其信息处理加工规律;率先在脑科学和智能技术两大领域进行实质性融合,在先导专项中扩充了类脑智能研究内容,成立了中科院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心,全面推进脑科学与类脑智能研究深度融合,为我国智能产业的发展提供科技引领与支撑。在分析国际脑科学与类脑智能发展态势的基础上,文章阐述了中科院在脑科学与类脑智能研究方面的部署,提出了进一步加强脑科学与智能技术融合的举措与建议。     

Relevance-based entity selection for ad hoc retrieval

Recent developments have shown that entity-based models that rely on information from the knowledge graph can improve document retrieval performance. However, given the non-transitive nature of relatedness between entities on the knowledge graph, the use of semantic relatedness measures can lead to topic drift. To address this issue, we propose a relevance-based model for entity selection based on pseudo-relevance feedback, which is then used to systematically expand the input query leading to improved retrieval performance. We perform our experiments on the widely used TREC Web corpora and empirically show that our proposed approach to entity selection significantly improves ad hoc document retrieval compared to strong baselines. More concretely, the contributions of this work are as follows: (1) We introduce a graphical probability model that captures dependencies between entities within the query and documents. (2) We propose an unsupervised entity selection method based on the graphical model for query entity expansion and then for ad hoc retrieval. (3) We thoroughly evaluate our method and compare it with the state-of-the-art keyword and entity based retrieval methods. We demonstrate that the proposed retrieval model shows improved performance over all the other baselines on ClueWeb09B and ClueWeb12B, two widely used Web corpora, on the [email protected], and [email protected] metrics. We also show that the proposed method is most effective on the difficult queries. In addition, We compare our proposed entity selection with a state-of-the-art entity selection technique within the context of ad hoc retrieval using a basic query expansion method and illustrate that it provides more effective retrieval for all expansion weights and different number of expansion entities.     

Taiwanese IT firms’ offshore R&D in China and the connection with the global innovation network

Although it is evident that technology is becoming increasingly globalized, resulting in the expansion of R&D internationalization by firms, despite this discernible trend, the substantial body of literature in this area is based mainly on the experience of the developed country. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of this issue by examining the R&D internationalization of a newly-industrializing country, Taiwan being a prime example, and its connection with the global production network. We begin with an examination of the literature on R&D internationalization and globalization, based upon which we propose a conceptual framework adapted from Dunning’s eclectic paradigm. In doing so, we set out to develop arguments based not only on the reasons why cross-strait R&D internationalization may be undertaken by Taiwanese information technology (IT) firms, but also the likely patterns of their R&D portfolios across the strait. Drawing on an original questionnaire survey and firm-level interviews, the paper presents and discusses empirical data on the cross-strait R&D deployment of Taiwanese IT firms. It then goes a stage further, using the ‘smiling curve’, to put forward a ‘holistic’ view of the cross-border innovation network in the IT hardware industry, in order to determine what cross-strait R&D internationalization means to the global production network.     

Performance impact of research policy at the Chinese Academy of Sciences

We present evidence on productivity improvement experienced by the research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) after its implementation of the Knowledge Innovation Program (KIP). Using a balanced panel of data on R&D inputs and outputs of 59 research institutes in CAS, we analyze the productivity, technological and efficiency changes from 1997 to 2005. We document that the CAS research institutes have a productivity growth of 12.5% from 1998 to 2005, which can be further decomposed into 8.8% attributed to technological progress and 3.3% to efficiency improvement. Results of regional analysis show that institutes in Beijing and Shanghai, performed better than institutes in other regions during the same period.     

基于Ad Hoc网络节能路由协议的研究

Ad hoc网络在紧急事件、军事以及民用领域都得到了广泛的应用,但Ad hoc网络能量问题直接影响了Ad hoc网络的生命周期与节点生存时间,成为制约Ad hoc网络发展要解决的主要问题。该文针对这一问题,对网络路由协议中性能较好的DSR协议进行优化,提出基于能量控制的节能机制,对于路由发现Hello机制进行改进。给出局部自适应DSR路由协议的改进协议MMPEW-DSR（Maximum Minimum Power-Energy Weight）,优化后的协议减少了电池能量消耗,延长了网络的生存时间。     

论竞技体育争议之可仲裁性——立足CAS仲裁规则及其实践之考察

可仲裁性是法定与约定之间的临界点,唯具可仲裁性的争议事项方能提交仲裁合法解决。可仲裁性主要是指客体可仲裁性,由此延伸出的主体可仲裁性是其辅助判断标准。客体可仲裁性表现为彼此包容的应然态、法然态和实然态三种形式。竞技体育争议是非平等者之间的具有纪律处罚性的争议,依仲裁法理不具可仲裁性。CAS仲裁规则及其实践肯定了"与体育相关"的具有"纪律处罚性"的竞技体育争议的可仲裁性。这不是对传统仲裁理念的违背,而是因应体育个性进行的仲裁理念之革新。     

车辆自组网络中的数据下载研究

在车辆自组网络（VANET）环境中,当车辆从路边接入点（APs）下载文件时,可以利用移动节点之间的接触来携带/转发文件.本文提出了一种携带者选择算法,来增加车载下载者之间的传输速率的可能性.实验仿真表明,该方法可显著提高车载用户的下载速率.     

国际体育仲裁院普通仲裁制度浅析

国际体育仲裁院的仲裁包括普通仲裁、上诉仲裁以及奥运会特别仲裁三种形式,其中普通仲裁是最解决国际体育争议的一种主要形式,对其进行的研究包括普通仲裁的管辖权、仲裁程序、法律适用等方面.随着国际体育运动的发展以及北京奥运会的即将召开,我们应加大对国际体育仲裁制度的研究.