The functional meanings of behaviors: A factor analytic study of motivational orientations in Virgin Islands students

One hundred and sixty-five high school students in the Virgin Islands were asked to rate the extent to which they associate each of 62 behaviors with their concepts of “success,” “joy,” and “satisfying expectations.” They were also asked to rate the frequency with which they performed each of the behaviors. Results indicated that Virgin Islands students associate the word “success” not with academic behaviors, but with being modern, attractive, and nurturing. Moreover, individual students are less apt to perform those behaviors which Western teachers believe lead to academic success and more apt to perform those behaviors which the sample as a whole associates with being successful. The data indicate that although many Virgin Islands students enjoy traditional island activities, they do not feel successful when they engage in them. The results of the investigation are interpreted within the context of what is known concerning achievement behaviors of middle-class American youth, and implications are drawn for the teaching of young persons from diverse cultural backgrounds who attend classes conducted in the Western mode.     

性侵害受害儿童的评估研究进展

文章从司法评估与临床评估两个方面对性侵害受害儿童的评估研究进展情况进行了归纳和总结,在此基础上进一步指出以往研究中存在的一些不足。最后,作者对该领域的研究趋向做出了展望。     

论《爱的饥渴》的悲剧根源

日本作家三岛由纪夫的长篇小说《爱的饥渴》讲述了一个女人和三名男子之间的婚爱故事。主人公悦子的一生是不断寻爱又不断遭遇失败的历程。长期的压抑终于导致了最后的爆发,她残忍地杀死了自己的意中人以求解脱,结果却是堕入更深的痛苦和虚无。造成这种悲剧的原因是多方面的:性爱中无法体验真实的自我是浅层根源;文化冲突造成的身份危机和内心痛苦是深层根源;人对生存意义的追问及结果的不可得导致的虚无感是最终根源。所以说《爱的饥渴》的悲剧是人性自身的悲剧。     

曹七巧：戴着封建枷锁挣扎的畸形女人——浅析《金锁记》中曹七巧的人物形象

深入剖析《金锁记》中曾七巧的形象,通过封建家长制、金钱、情欲三个方面,可以透视妇女在封建伦理道德、婚姻制度的迫害之下,没有情爱、人格畸形、由被吃变成吃人的悲剧命运。     

微课在性医学教学中的应用初探

目的:探讨微课在性医学教学中的效果。方法:随机选取2个班级,其中一个169人采用传统教学方法,另一个166人采取微课教学方案,比较两组学生成绩,了解学生对知识的掌握程度。结果:传统组学生成绩优良率为47.93%,微课组学生成绩优良率为63.25%,两组比较P0.01。结论:微课件教学方法可以加强学生接收、掌握、转化知识的能力,适合在性医学教学中推广应用。     

“性侵儿童”犯罪的危害及防范对策

性侵儿童犯罪是一种极为恶劣的犯罪行为,近年来,性侵儿童案件呈现高发特点。性侵儿童会对受害儿童个人及家庭造成极大伤害,进而对社会产生一系列负面影响。从受害儿童的生理、心理以及以受害家庭伤害程度为切入点,分析性侵儿童案件发生的原因,能够间接了解侵害者行为人与被侵害者两方面的特点,从而找出有效防范性侵儿童的办法,为多方面控制此类案件的发生制定相应的对策,以期对我国防范性侵儿童犯罪有所裨益。     

#MeToo,sexual harassment: an article,a forum,and a dream for the future

#MeToo has breathed new life into the women’s movement and especially into understanding and rectifying sexual harassment, abuse and assault. It has galvanized activists around the globe. And it has placed thousands of stories of the harassed in full view of the public. Sexual harassment, abuse and assault may occur within the organizational context or beyond; but sexual harassment, in particular has been legally labeled an organizational phenomenon. With this in mind, Robin Clair frames the early part of this article around the most recent organizational communication theories (see the appendix for an overview of these theories). Following the essay is a forum, in which invited scholars address questions related to the #MeToo movement.     

Decision-making in child protective services: Influences at multiple levels of the social ecology

Decision-making in the child protection system is influenced by multiple factors; agency and geographic contexts, caseworker attributes, and families’ unique circumstances all likely play a role. In this study, we use the second cohort of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being to explore how these factors are associated with two key case decisions—substantiation and removal to out-of-home care. Analyses are conducted using weighted hierarchical linear models. We find that substantiation is strongly influenced by agency factors, particularly constraints on service accessibility. Substantiation is less likely when agencies can provide services to unsubstantiated cases and when collaboration with other social institutions is high. This supports the concept that substantiation may be a gateway to services in some communities. Agency factors contributed less to the probability of removal among substantiated cases, though time resources and constraints on decision-making had some influence. For both substantiation and removal risks, county, caseworker, and child characteristics were less influential than agency characteristics and family risk factors.     

A preliminary mapping of individual,relational, and social factors that impede disclosure of childhood sexual abuse

Uncovering the pathways to disclosures of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors influencing the willingness of victims to talk about the abuse is paramount to the development of powerful practice and policy initiatives. Framed as a long interview method utilizing a grounded theory approach to analyze data, the objective of the current study was to provide a preliminary mapping of the barriers to CSA disclosures through an ecological systemic lens, from a sample of 67 male and female CSA adult survivors, all of whom had recently received counselling services. The current project led to the identification of three broad categories of barriers that were each comprised of several subthemes, namely: Barriers from Within (internalized victim-blaming, mechanisms to protect oneself, and immature development at time of abuse); Barriers in Relation to Others (violence and dysfunction in the family, power dynamics, awareness of the impact of telling, and fragile social network); and Barriers in Relation to the Social World (labelling, taboo of sexuality, lack of services available, and culture or time period). This study points to the importance of using a broad ecological framework to understand the factors that inhibit disclosure of CSA, as barriers to disclosure do not constrain solely the victims. Results are discussed in light of their implications for research, prevention and intervention programs, and social policies and media campaigns, as the burden is on the larger community to create a climate of safety and transparency that makes the telling of CSA possible.     

Emotion regulation as a mediator of the relation between sexual abuse and behavior problems in preschoolers

Maltreated children show poor emotion regulation competencies compared to non-maltreated children. Emotion regulation has been found to mediate the association between maltreatment and behavior problems in children. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships among child sexual abuse (CSA), emotion regulation (ER), and internalized and externalized behavior problems in preschoolers using conditional process analyses. ER competencies were assessed in 127 children aged 41–79 months (62 abused, 65 non-abused) by their parents (N = 124) and early childhood educators (N = 88) using the Emotion Regulation Checklist (Shields and Cicchetti, 1995, Shields and Cicchetti, 1997). Behavior problems were evaluated by parents using the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2000, Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001). ER was found to completely mediate the relation between CSA and internalized behavior problems and partially mediate the relation between CSA and externalized behavior problems. Parents’ and educators’ evaluations of ER were also found to differ as a function of child gender. The discussion focuses on the relationships among CSA, ER, behavior problems, and child gender. The clinical implications of these findings are also examined. Promoting the optimal development of ER could prevent the emergence and exacerbation of behavior problems in these at-risk children and, in turn, foster resilience.