跑节省化、无氧阈和最大摄氧量评价篮球运动员有氧能力的比较研究

以天津商务职业学院24名男篮球队员为研究对象,通过跑台测试、因子分析法等,采用跑节省化、无氧阈和最大摄氧量对篮球运动员进行评价分析。结果显示:篮球运动员跑节省化的修正值在第一公因子中载荷最大,在第二、第三公因子中跑节省化相关指标的载荷量处于相对重要位置,在第四公因子中只有跑节省化时通气量;跑节省化、无氧阈和最大摄氧量三指标在评价篮球运动员有氧耐力时,跑节省化指标优势明显。提示:跑节省化可以作为评价篮球运动员有氧耐力的首选指标。     

Health,functioning and social engagement among the UK Chinese

The present study examines factors associated with health, functioning and social engagement among Chinese in the UK. A total of 211 Chinese men and women aged between 15 and 79 years were recruited through a selection of Chinese social organisations across the UK. Data was collected using a self-completion questionnaire, which included domains examining health and functioning and social functioning; among others. Poor health and functioning was associated with levels of social support. Social engagement was associated with high levels of social support, network size, and contribution to others, emphasising the importance of meaningful social engagement. Those individuals with good cognitive and physical functioning felt more of a sense of social cohesion and inclusion and respect from others than individuals with poorer functioning. Findings emphasise the UK Chinese community's reliance on informal support networks rather than the utilisation of formal networks, which may go some way to explain the reported underutilisation of formal health and social support services among this community.     

Coaches as sport workers: professional agency within the employment context of elite European basketball

Increased activity of multiple stakeholders (e.g. agents and owners) have created new challenges for some coaches working in professional sports clubs. The purpose of this project was to draw attention to the normative or accepted practices inherent in sport work, some of the day-to-day realities of some coaches working in this context, and to understand how coaches’ perceptions of other stakeholders come to bear on their individual circumstances, career expectations/objectives and professional agency. Data were generated from semi-structured interviews with seven professional basketball coaches who worked in top-level European clubs. The analysis reveals the coach’s relationships between some owners and agents differed with respect to exercising professional agency, and, coach’s decisions and actions were tied to their professional ideals as well as understandings of what they need to undertake their work effectively and negotiation and/or adjustment strategies. Occasionally coach’s work practices could be viewed as antithetical to employment security, however, the presence of insecurity was at times embraced and used strategically to affect workers’ career decisions. Amid contemporary regional geo-political shifts, this work aids examinations of global sport settings, structures and issues that may contour sporting professionals’ lives.     

中美竞技篮球对篮球产业影响的比较研究

中美在篮球产业发展水平上存在着巨大差距,而竞技篮球发展水平对篮球产业的影响作用是造成这种差距的主要原因之一。NBA是美国篮球产业的赚钱机器,同时也是宣传机器和造势机器,NBA对美国篮球产业产品乃至深层次的篮球文化、篮球娱乐精神都具有广泛的影响力,这种影响力几乎覆盖全球。中国篮球职业化改革已走过28个年头,竞技篮球对篮球产业也产生了积极的影响,然而对照美国职业篮球发展路径,还存有很多不足和缺陷。今后需要在政府管理、企业自主经营、市场化发展等方面花大力气。     

我国优秀青少年男排运动员专项体能特征的评价研究

运用文献资料、专家访谈、录像观察和数理统计等科研方法,以东京奥运周期中23届和24届羽毛球世锦赛成绩为主要依据,分析我国男子羽毛球发展现状及各国在各单项上的竞技实力,前瞻东京奥运会周期世界男子羽毛球竞争格局。结论如下：我国男子羽毛球队虽然取得了不少成绩,但也面临着人才青黄不接、年轻选手比赛经验不足,心理素质较差、技战术观念滞后等的尴尬局面。在竞争格局上,中国男子羽毛球队在世界羽坛上的优势地位遭到了严峻挑战,以丹麦为首的西方国家羽毛球队实力逐渐增强,亚欧之间的竞争力呈缩小之态势。在男子单打项目上,呈现出群雄逐鹿的局面;男子双打项目,则呈现出三足鼎立之势;混双方面,我国实力强劲,力压群雄,保持着较强的竞技水平。     

A meaning-making model of post-migration growth for mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong

Studies of stress-related growth have demonstrated the central role of meaning-making processes in the occurrence of growth following stressful life experiences, but few have examined its role in the context of acculturation. This study developed and tested a meaning-making model of post-migration growth using bootstrap-based mediation analysis with a sample of 489 mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong. The data were collected through an online cross-sectional survey. The results showed that acculturative stressor was a significant risk factor and that sense-making coping and core belief re-examination acted as significant protective factors for post-migration growth. Sense-making coping and core belief re-examination, in sequence, partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stressor and post-migration growth. This model demonstrates the importance of the cognitive processing of meaning-making in Chinese students’ post-migration growth.     

The effect of beetroot juice supplementation on repeat-sprint performance in hypoxia

This investigation assessed the effect of dietary nitrate (NO₃^?) supplementation, in the form of beetroot juice (BR), on repeat-sprint performance in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia. 12 male team-sport athletes (age 22.3 ± 2.6 y, VO_2peak 53.1 ± 8.7 mL.kg^?1.min^?1) completed three exercise trials involving a 10 min submaximal warm-up and 4 sets of cycling repeat-sprint efforts (RSE; 9 × 4 s) at sea level (CON), or at 3000 m simulated altitude following acute supplementation (140 mL) with BR (HYP_BR; 13 mmol NO₃^?) or NO₃^–depleted BR placebo (HYP_PLA). Peak (PPO) and mean (MPO) power output, plus work decrement were recorded during the RSE task, while oxygen consumption (VO₂) was measured during the warm-up. There were no significant differences observed between HYP_BR and HYP_PLA for PPO or MPO; however, work decrement was reduced in the first RSE set in HYP_BR compared with HYP_PLA. There was a moderate effect for VO₂ to be lower following BR at the end of the 10 min warm-up (ES = 0.50 ± 0.51). Dietary NO₃^? may not improve repeat-sprint performance in hypoxia but may reduce VO₂ during submaximal exercise. Therefore, BR supplementation may be more effective for performance improvement during predominantly aerobic exercise.     

草根体育组织规范化发展研究——以我国跑团为例

以我国草根组织中的典型组织——跑团为例,分析了我国跑团兴起的主要原因,发展过程中存在的问题：跑团内部机制不健全,治理方式滞后;缺乏稳定的社会资源;政府职能部门引导、扶持不力;相关的规章制度、法律不够完善;较难获得合法身份致使发展受阻,缺少主管单位监督和行业自律;跑团存在多种安全隐患;对于各种跑团社交软件及社交平台的管理不够。据此提出了对策：对跑团进行分级分类管理,充分发挥中国田协的指导与监督作用,政府部门不断完善跑步公共服务体系,加强跑团制度建设与规范管理,健全安全健康监管保障体系。     

2017年世界男排联赛中国男排与对手比赛技术效果对比分析

通过对比分析在2017年世界男排联赛上中国男排与对手在比赛中的整体技术效果、3站比赛间中国男排自身的技术效果及各站对手的技术效果,得出在劳尔教练任期的第一次世界大赛中国男排技术效果上的优势与不足,为其日后训练比赛提供数据参考和建议。研究发现：中国男排在发球、一传和防守技术效果上显著差于对手,一攻和反攻技术效果略差于对手,仅拦网技术效果显著好于对手。发现中国男排存在如下问题：（1）发球技术能力与外教战术意图不匹配,且缺少沟通;（2）一传稳定性差,顶不住大力发球冲击成为被对手制约的短板,且一传的差距直接转化为一攻的差距表现出来;（3）二传传平拉开球速度不够快,导致战术进攻意图过于明显;（4）比赛中拦网技术存在补拦意识仍不够、移动跟不上、拦一点放弃了两点的不足;（5）防守队员预判能力不够,下蹲过浅造成移动慢,从而对拦起球的保护跟不上。此外,研究还就3站比赛进行分类对比分析,得出了相应结论与建议。