Diagnostic Significance of CA15-3 with Combination of HER-2/neu Values at 85th Percentiles in Breast Cancer

The human epidermal receptor-2/neu (HER-2/neu) oncogene encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. This molecule could have a diagnostic value since the extracellular domain of c-erbB-2 (HER-2) transmembrane is shed into the blood as a circulating antigen. The diagnostic value of serum HER-2/neu was calculated along with the conventional marker carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) at 85th percentiles. Serum levels of breast carcinoma antigens HER-2/neu, CEA and CA15-3 were determined in 175 normal individuals and 268 malignant patients. The soluble form of serum HER-2/neu, CEA and CA15-3 was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in control and breast cancer patients prior to treatment. Serum levels of the tested tumor markers HER-2/neu and CA15-3 and CEA were significantly higher in cancer patients compared to controls. At 85th percentile the sensitivity of HER-2/neu was 51.12 %; the specificity was 86.29 % and the overall accuracy was 64.56 %. The sensitivity of CA15-3 was 73.13 %; the specificity was 85.14 % and the overall accuracy was 77.88 %. The sensitivity of the combined testing was 82.84 %; the specificity was 73.71 % and the overall accuracy was 80.01 %. The sensitivity and the overall accuracy of combined testing were higher than those of HER-2/neu and CA15-3 testing single. The combined testing of HER-2/neu and CA15-3 can increase the sensitivity and overall accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis. The results of this study suggest that the use of multiple tumor markers may be employed as combination and at 85th percentiles to assess the prognosis.     

腹股沟韧带损伤诊断的探讨

从１９９９年至今的５ａ中,先后对４３例（次）患者单侧髋部及臀部,股四头肌等处理软组织游走性疼痛进行腹股沟韧带起止点的封闭治疗,效果良好。通过对４３例（次）的治疗,我们认为以上部位软组织的疼痛多由腹股沟韧带损伤年引起,并且认为该损伤的治疗比较简单。     

Recent advances in swollen-state NMR spectroscopy for the study of drying oils

The cross-linking processes of three drying oils (poppy, linseed, walnut), a class of organic compounds very important in the field of artworks, were studied by means of ¹H-NMR spectroscopy, following the change of the protons signals when oils are heated at 60 °C in the presence of air or nitrogen gas. This preliminary information is particularly important to identify the presence of drying oils within a solid painting film. We demonstrated that it was possible to study these films by swollen-state NMR, an innovative spectroscopy method that can directly analyze very small semisolid samples instead of solutions. The main advantages of this method are the short time of analysis, the possibility to analyze samples without any preliminary treatment, and the small quantity of the sample required. Therefore, swollen-state NMR technique was used to characterize three real painting films: in this way, we succeeded in recognizing in real paintings specimens the presence of drying oils employed as binders, avoiding any interferences due to other organic compounds acting as binding agents, like waxes or egg-yolk media.     

辩证法范畴体系建构论的回顾与断想

辩证法的范畴体系,随着人们对辩证法体系本身的理解在不断地被建构着.从黑格尔、马克思、恩格斯、列宁到今天的教科书,都从不同的角度对范畴体系提出过自己的构想,留下了许多可供我们研究辩证法内部联系的有益的思想资料.本文对近六十年来关于辩证法范畴体系构想的一些有代表性的观点,进行了一番粗略的梳理和分析,透视其中的学理和逻辑脉络,并结合新的科学事实和哲学研究成果,提出了自己的一些猜想,以期引起学人的关注和新的思考.     

Promoting teacher scaffolding in small-group work: A contingency perspective

Given the scarcity of scaffolding in classrooms, we developed a professional development program (PDP) focusing on scaffolding. The PDP was based on a model of contingent teaching consisting of three steps: diagnostic strategies, checking the diagnosis and intervention strategies. The development of four social studies teachers’ scaffolding knowledge, use of scaffolding in practice and reflections on practice were analyzed. Insights regarding openness, students’ understanding, and co-construction - that occurred while reflecting with the model of contingent teaching - appeared to foster teachers’ scaffolding development. A fourth step, checking students’ learning, is suggested as an additional step in contingent teaching.     

大型建设工程项目实施状态诊断指标自适应调整模型及其应用

针对大型建设工程项目实施状态诊断系统在诊断指标调整方面存在的问题,在全面了解和掌握国内外研究现状以及诊断指标即时调整目标的基础上,将自适应控制技术引入进来,并结合工程项目管理模式,构建了基于自适应控制技术的大型建设工程项目实施状态诊断指标自动调整模型,给出了模型内含多模块间的自适应伺服程序。在此基础上,通过工程实验,证明了诊断指标自适应调整模型在工程实际应用中的可行性、有效性和自动识别管控对象与指标调整的灵敏度,并给出了使用该模型的相关建议。     

Species-specific SCAR markers for authentication of Sinocalycanthus chinensis

INTRODUCTION Calycanthaceae consists of three genera: Caly-canthus, Chimonanthus and Sinocalycanthus. Chi-monanthus and Sinocalycanthus are restricted toChina, and Calycanthus is distributed in NorthAmerica (Zhang and Liu, 1998). Sinocalycanthuschinensis Cheng et S.Y. Chang, the only representa-tive in the genus Sinocalycanthus, is a deciduousshrub endemic to China. Both biological and an-thropological causes have led to the recent decline ofthe species, which is now known from onl…     

Using curriculum-based measurement to inform reading instruction

The focus of this article is recent CBM work that incorporates diagnostic reading assessment. The goal is to help general and special educators tailor more effective reading instruction for developing readers. The development process for this CBM diagnostic reading assessment is described; the resulting assessment is presented; and preliminary data on its technical features and utility are provided. This research was supported in part by Grant #H324C000022 from the US Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs, and Core Grant #HD15052 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to Vanderbilt University. Statements do not reflect the position or policy.     

柴油机故障诊断方法

本介绍了运用检查与推理相结合、筛选与综合分析相结合的三种柴油机故障诊断方法，它们对如何正确使用、维护、调整、修理柴油机，使其达到规定的技术条件、保证机器的安全可靠性和延长使用寿命有一定的借鉴。     

Pre-service teachers’ learning of diagnostic skills in a video-based simulation: Effects of conceptual vs. interconnecting prompts on judgment accuracy and the diagnostic process

Video-based simulations are considered authentic approximations of practice that can support pre-service teachers' acquisition of diagnostic skills. Still, there is insufficient knowledge on the (differential) effectiveness of different types of prompts on learning in such environments. The presented study experimentally compared the effects of two types of prompts on participants’ judgment accuracy and diagnostic processes in a video-based simulation for diagnostic skills in the context of secondary mathematical argumentation skills. The prompts focused learners either on one indicator of argumentation skills (conceptual prompts) or two indicators and their relation (interconnecting prompts). Results indicate that the prompts effectively supported learning in short interventions. While conceptual prompts led to generally higher learning, interconnecting prompts showed a differential effectiveness based on prior knowledge. Besides highlighting a prototypical video-based simulation for diagnostic skills and prompts to support these, results give indications for teaching diagnostic skills and the adaptive use of prompts for simulation-based learning.