The historical development of medical education in africa and the place of medical library and information services

Abstract

The main purpose of the sociology of reading is determining, through the analysis of reading data, the social processes actually at work in society. This article analyses the results of sociological research done by the research staffs of libraries in Kazakhstan between 1991 and 1994. It focuses also on the problems faced by the sociology of reading in Kazakhstan, where such research was previously considered by the authorities as purposeful only in solving the practical problems of libraries. Today, reading in Kazakhstan is characterized by frequent changes in readers' demands caused by the dramatic changes in ideology, politics and economics in the constituent parts of the former Soviet Union. Reading in Kazakhstan is becoming more utilitarian. Pragmatic information needs determine the choice of literature. There is a sharp decline in the demand for fiction compared to the 1980s. Those intellectual spheres in which ideological control was severest, such as history and philosophy, flourish and effect reading. Finally, the decision of independent Kazakhstan to encourage the use of the Kazakh language is having an effect on reading patterns.     

E-government discourses: An inductive analysis

This article offers a new perspective on e-government by documenting the categories of e-government discourses, and evaluating them within a public value framework. Understanding e-government discourses is significant, since these discourses represent contested visions of e-government, and one can derive a feel for public sentiment about e-government from the discourses used in the media. The findings are accumulated through an inductive analysis of 85 newspaper articles, published during the year of 2010, in three top-selling, ideologically different, nationally circulating Turkish newspapers. In these 85 articles, 98 discourses presented by 90 policy actors are found. Five positive and four negative discourse categories and their relationships emerged from the analysis of the data. The results show that, government reform efforts shaped by the New Public Management movement and Turkey's harmonization efforts with the global political system in general, and with the European Union in particular, are influential in the presentation of e-government projects to the Turkish public through newspapers.     

Language Difference and Communication Policy in the Information Age

This study argues that language difference is an important, though often neglected, element in contemporary flows of audiovisual media and organizations' efforts to influence them through policy. Because linguistic issues overlap a number of policy areas, including trade, culture, language, and communication, this study advocates for increased attention to language-related concerns within and across those areas by policymakers and researchers alike. Various developments associated with globalization have contributed to the significance of the transnational media trade, and are discussed in light of language difference. Special emphasis is given the handling of language in media by the European Union and North American Free Trade Agreement, two trade regimes that have treated language difference distinctly. The probable expansion of both trade regimes is likely to increase the salience of linguistic diversity among participant societies in the future.     

近3届世界大赛中国男篮防守能力分析

运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法和比较分析法,以近3届世界篮球大赛中国男篮和其对手为研究对象,对双方的防守能力进行对比研究,旨在找出中国男篮与对手在防守上的差距及成因。结果表明：抢断球和防突破与对手存在很大差距;盖帽和抢防守篮板球时内线队员具有一定的优势而外线队员能力较弱。防守战术变化少,防快攻的次数多但质量低;半场人盯人和全场紧逼人盯人运用较少,成功率低,主要以“2—3”或“3—2”阵势的区域联防为主,且存在防区小、贴身紧逼不严密等问题。中国男篮防守能力较弱,只有改善体能,强化技术的实效性和对抗性,突出战术的多变性和针对性才能得到有效提升。     

李娜在2011年澳网比赛中运用的技战术分析

李娜是我国最优秀的网球女选手之一,也是世界女子单打排名前十的选手。她总共经历6次澳网比赛,2010年表现突出,进入澳网单打四强。2011年再接再厉进入决赛并获得亚军,这是中国选手在四大满贯女单比赛中的最好成绩。本文对李娜在澳网7场比赛技术进行统计分析,找出其在比赛中技、战术运用规律。     

对中外优秀女子10 000m运动员速度分配的解析

分析对比1999年国内田径锦标赛和1999年世界田径锦标赛女子10000m前8名运动员速度分配发现：前后半程速度分配特点是先慢后快；创造优异成绩的运动员常采用快、慢、最快的节奏分配速度；训练水平和比赛目的是决定速度分配的主要因素。研究发现，国内运动员途中跑平均分段成绩波动幅度大于国外运动员。     

2005 年全国青少年散打锦标赛 男运动员赛时心理状态分析

以2005年全国青少年散打锦标赛男运动员赛时心理状态为研究内容，从参赛的192名男运动员中抽出60名运动员进行赛时心理状态调查分析。结果表明：不同训练水平运动员参赛时的心理状态和不同竞赛局势时运动员的心理状态存在较大差异。在激烈的散打比赛中，必须充分调动和发挥运动员的心理潜力，以便形成最佳的竞技状态。     

论欧美篮球风格对中国男篮未来发展的启示

运用文献资料法、录相观察法、对比分析法分析欧美篮球强队风格以及中国男篮与欧美篮球强队的差距,最后指出了欧美篮球风格给中国男篮未来发展带来的一些启示。